从废旧高温合金中浸出镍钴的实验研究
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摘要
在比较国内外废旧高温合金的处理工艺的基础上,针对废旧高温合金的物相组成,提出"雾化喷粉-硫酸浸出镍钴"的工艺,重点考察并讨论在镍钴浸出过程中硫酸质量分数、温度、浸出时间、搅拌速度和合金粒度等因素对废旧高温合金中镍钴浸出率的影响。试验确定了从废旧高温合金中浸出镍钴的工艺优化条件。试验结果表明:当硫酸质量分数为40%,浸出温度为85℃,浸出时间为5 h时,镍浸出率为96.68%,钴浸出率为96.63%,浸出渣中镍钴的质量分数分别为6.77%和0.96%,含镍和钴的浸出液可作为加工镍和钴产品的原料。
By comparing with the processing technologies of superalloys between domestic and abroad, the atomized spray-sulfuric acid leaching nickel and cobalt technology was proposed considering the composition of waste superalloys. The leaching parts of the process was studied. The effects of sulfuric acid content, temperature leaching time, stirring speed and size of superalloys on leaching of Ni and Co were mainly studied. The optimum conditions of the process of leaching Ni and Co from waste superalloys were determined through pilot study. The results show that at the optimum conditions of sulfuric acid content of 40%, temperature of 85 ℃, leaching time of 5 h, the leaching rates are 96.68% for nickel, and 96.63% for cobalt, in leaching residues, the mass fractions of nickel and cobalt are left 6.77% and 0.96% respectively. The leaching solution containing nickel and cobalt can produce nickel and cobalt products.
By comparing with the processing technologies of superalloys between domestic and abroad, the atomized spray-sulfuric acid leaching nickel and cobalt technology was proposed considering the composition of waste superalloys. The leaching parts of the process was studied. The effects of sulfuric acid content, temperature leaching time, stirring speed and size of superalloys on leaching of Ni and Co were mainly studied. The optimum conditions of the process of leaching Ni and Co from waste superalloys were determined through pilot study. The results show that at the optimum conditions of sulfuric acid content of 40%, temperature of 85 ℃, leaching time of 5 h, the leaching rates are 96.68% for nickel, and 96.63% for cobalt, in leaching residues, the mass fractions of nickel and cobalt are left 6.77% and 0.96% respectively. The leaching solution containing nickel and cobalt can produce nickel and cobalt products.
引文
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[18]Arslan C,Arslan F.Recvery of copper,cobalt and zinc from copper smelter an converter slags[J].Hydrometallurgy,2002,67(1/2/3):1-7.
[2]苏庆伦,史战旺,John Hunsaker.我国高温合金循环利用的现状与思考[J].有色金属再生与利用,2006(4):19-20.SU Qinglun,SHI Zhanwang,John Hunsaker.Status and consideration of recycling of superalloys in our country[J].Non-ferrous Metals Recycling and Utilization,2006(4):19-20.
[3]SHEN Yongfeng,XUE Wenying,NIU Wenyong.Recovery of Co(Ⅱ)and Ni(Ⅱ)from hydrochloric acid solution of alloy scrap[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18:1262-1268.
[4]LI Jinhui,LI Xinhai,HU Qiyang.Study of extraction and purification of Ni,Co and Mn from spent battery material[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,99:7-12.
[5]van Tonder G J,Cilliers P J.Cobalt and nickel removal from zinc or impure electrolyte by molecular recognition technology(MRT)-pilot plant demonstration[J].The Journal of the South African Institute of Ming an Metalleurgy,2002(2):11-18.
[6]喻正军,冯其明,欧乐明,等,常压下硫酸体系中钴冰铜的浸出[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(4):675-679.YU Zhengjun,FENG Qiming,OU Leming.Leaching of cobalt bearing metallic matte in sulfhuric acid at normal pressure[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2006,37(4):675-679.
[7]Rane M V,Bafna V H,Sadanandam R.Recovery of high purity cobalt from spent ammonia cracker catalyst[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,77:247-251.
[8]郑雅杰,滕浩,闫海泉.硝酸氧化浸出难冶炼高砷钴矿[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(7):1418-1423.ZHENG Yajie,TENG Hao,YAN Haiquan.Nitric acid oxidation leaching og cobalt from refractory high-arenic cobalt ores[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(7):1418-1423.
[9]康南京.我国镍钴冶炼应用热压浸出技术的进展[J].中国有色冶金,1995,24(2):1-7.KANG Nanjing.Development of application of hot pressure leaching technology in recovery of nickel and cobalt in China[J].China Nonferrous Metallurgy,1995,24(2):1-7.
[10]刘建华,张焕然,王瑞祥.氨法加压浸出钴铜氧化矿工艺[J].稀有金属,2012,36(1):149-153.LIU Jianhua,ZHANG Huanran,WANG Ruixiang.Process of ammonium leaching oxidation ore of cobalt and copper at high pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2012,36(1):149-153.
[11]Shen Y F,Xue W Y,Li W.Selective recovery of nickel and cobalt from cobalt-enriched Ni-Cu matte by two-stage counter-current leaching[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2007,60:113-119.
[12]侯小川,肖连生,高从堦.从废高温镍钴合金中浸出镍和钴的试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2009,28(3):164-169.HOU Xiaochuan,XIAO Liansheng,GAO Congjie.Experimental study on leaching of nickel and cobalt from waste high-temperature Ni-Co alloys[J].Hydrrometallurgy of China,2009,28(3):164-169.
[13]周雍茂,胡宝磊.从钴冰镍浸出液中回收镍钴[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2012,6:11-13.ZHOU Yongmao,HU Baolei.Nickel and cobalt recovered from cobalt-nickel matte leaching lixivium[J].Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2012,6:11-13.
[14]XU Yanbin,XIE Yanting,LIU Junshen.Enrichment of valuable metals from the sulfuric acid leach liquors of nickeliferous oxide ores[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,95(1/2):28-32.
[15]Pradhan N,Singh P,Tripathy B C.Electrowining of cobalt from acidic sulphate solutions-effect of chloride ion[J].Minerals Engineering,2001,14(7):775-783.
[16]张外平.电溶法处理低钴硬质合金废料的研究[J].硬质合金,2006,23(2):107-109.ZHANG Waiping.Study on the processing of low-co cemented carbide scraps by electrochemical method[J].Cenmented Carbide,2006,23(2):107-109.
[17]Jones R T,Denton G M,Reynolds Q G.Recovery of cobalt from slag in a DC arc furnace at chambishi,zambia[J].The Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2002(1/2):5-10.
[18]Arslan C,Arslan F.Recvery of copper,cobalt and zinc from copper smelter an converter slags[J].Hydrometallurgy,2002,67(1/2/3):1-7.