从形式判断到实质判断:CISG与PICC根本违约条款之比较研究
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摘要
CISG之下根本违约规则的立法变迁和解释原则体现出根本违约之认定由形式判断向实质判断的转变。PICC吸收借鉴了CISG的实质损害判断标准,并将其作为需要特别考虑的因素之一。通过案例法的分析,可以发现实质损害标准不论是在CISG还是在PICC中都发挥着十分重要的作用,并且在未来将继续占据主导地位。
The legislative changes and interpretation principles reflect the transformation in the standard of fundamental breach of contract under the CISG from formal judgment to substantial judgment. PICC absorbs the substantial detriment standard from CISG, but merely takes it as one of those factors that need special consideration. Through the analysis of case law, it can be found that the material damage standard plays a very important role in both CISG and PICC,and will surely maintain its dominance in the future.
The legislative changes and interpretation principles reflect the transformation in the standard of fundamental breach of contract under the CISG from formal judgment to substantial judgment. PICC absorbs the substantial detriment standard from CISG, but merely takes it as one of those factors that need special consideration. Through the analysis of case law, it can be found that the material damage standard plays a very important role in both CISG and PICC,and will surely maintain its dominance in the future.
引文
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[5] Clemens Pauly. The Concept of Fundamental Breach as an International Principle to Create Uniformity of Commercial Law[J]. J.L.&Com.,2000(19):221-243.
[6] Tjakie Naude; Gerhard Lubbe.Cancellation for Material or Fundamental Breach:A Comparative Analysis of South African Law, the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG)and the UNDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts[J].Stellenbosch L.Rev.,2001(12):371-398.
[7]最高人民法院民事审判第二庭.最高人民法院关于买卖合同司法解释理解和适用[M].北京:人民法院出版社,2012:409-410.
[2]王慧.国际贸易法原理[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2011:38;147.
[3] Andrew Babiak.Defining Fundamental Breach under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods[J]. Temp. Int'l&Comp. L.J.,1992(6):113-143.
[4] Leonardo Graffi. Case Law on the Concept of Fundamental Breach in the Vienna Sales Convention[J]. Int’l Bus.L.J.,2003(3):338-349.
[5] Clemens Pauly. The Concept of Fundamental Breach as an International Principle to Create Uniformity of Commercial Law[J]. J.L.&Com.,2000(19):221-243.
[6] Tjakie Naude; Gerhard Lubbe.Cancellation for Material or Fundamental Breach:A Comparative Analysis of South African Law, the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG)and the UNDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts[J].Stellenbosch L.Rev.,2001(12):371-398.
[7]最高人民法院民事审判第二庭.最高人民法院关于买卖合同司法解释理解和适用[M].北京:人民法院出版社,2012:409-410.