电力系统中储能的系统价值评估方法
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摘要
储能是未来高比例可再生能源系统的关键支撑技术之一,科学的评价方法是衡量其价值的重要依据。首先,提出储能的系统价值评估方法,全面分析其在电力系统中的价值构成,包括直接价值和间接价值。并给出储能多重应用的协同效应矩阵,分析储能系统价值的特征,全面评估和衡量储能的多重应用价值。然后,建立储能同时应用在削峰填谷、平滑可再生能源和提高供电可靠性的多重价值评估模型,以设备使用率、静态投资回收期和盈利能力指数作为储能的系统价值评估指标。最后,以Garver 6节点测试系统作为算例,计算不同容量配置下储能的系统价值,验证系统价值评估方法的正确性和有效性。
Energy storage technology is one of the key supporting technologies in future power systems with high penetration of renewable energy. Scientific evaluation method is an important basis for measuring the value of energy storage. Firstly, a system value evaluation method is proposed and the value composition of energy storage is analyzed comprehensively, which includes direct value and indirect value. Meanwhile, the synergistic matrix of energy storage applications is given, the characteristics of system value of energy storage are studied, and multiple values of energy storage in power system are evaluated. After that, a multiple value model of energy storage applied in power peak load shifting, smoothing renewable energy and improving the reliability of power supply are established. The usage rate of devices, the static payback period and the profitability index are used as the system value evaluation indices of energy storage. Finally, Garver 6-bus test system is taken as an example to calculate the system value of the energy storage under different capacity configurations, which verifies the validity and effectiveness of the system value evaluation method.
Energy storage technology is one of the key supporting technologies in future power systems with high penetration of renewable energy. Scientific evaluation method is an important basis for measuring the value of energy storage. Firstly, a system value evaluation method is proposed and the value composition of energy storage is analyzed comprehensively, which includes direct value and indirect value. Meanwhile, the synergistic matrix of energy storage applications is given, the characteristics of system value of energy storage are studied, and multiple values of energy storage in power system are evaluated. After that, a multiple value model of energy storage applied in power peak load shifting, smoothing renewable energy and improving the reliability of power supply are established. The usage rate of devices, the static payback period and the profitability index are used as the system value evaluation indices of energy storage. Finally, Garver 6-bus test system is taken as an example to calculate the system value of the energy storage under different capacity configurations, which verifies the validity and effectiveness of the system value evaluation method.
引文
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[16] 王成山,于波,肖峻,等.平滑可再生能源发电系统输出波动的储能系统容量优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):1-8. WANG Chengshan, YU Bo, XIAO Jun, et al. Sizing of energy storage systems for output smoothing of renewable energy systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(16): 1-8.
[17] 丁明,徐宁舟,毕锐.用于平抑可再生能源功率波动的储能电站建模及评价[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(2):66-72. DING Ming, XU Ningzhou, BI Rui. Model of BESS for smoothing renewable energy output fluctuations[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35(2): 66-72.
[18] 陈满,陆志刚,刘怡,等.电池储能系统恒功率削峰填谷优化策略研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(9):232-237.CHEN Man, LU Zhigang, LIU Yi, et al. Research on optimal peak load shifting strategy of battery energy storage system operated in constant power mode[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(9): 232-237.
[19] 刘子铭.价值工程在风电项目生命周期管理中的应用[D].北京:华北电力大学,2013.LIU Ziming. The application of value engineering in the wind power project life cycle management[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2013.
[20] 张云霞,崔越峰.内在价值,工具价值,系统价值辩证关系初探[J].河南师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011,38(2):27-30.ZHANG Yunxia, CUI Yuefeng. A preliminary study of dialectical relations among intrinsic value, instrumental value and systematic value[J]. Journal of Henan Normal University: Philosophical and Social Sciences, 2011, 38(2): 27-30.
[21] 刘友红,崔俊杰.价值重估:从狭义价值到系统价值——走出现代人类中心主义困境的探索[J].理论探索,2010(4):29-34.LIU Youhong, CUI Junjie. Value revaluation: from narrow value to system value: exploring the dilemma of modern anthropocentrism[J]. Theoretical Exploration, 2010(4): 29-34.
[22] 修晓青,唐巍,李建林,等.基于层次分析法的储能配置综合评估技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(11):72-78.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171227003.XIU Xiaoqing, TANG Wei, LI Jianlin, et al. Comprehensive evaluation technology of energy storage configuration based on analytic hierarchy process[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(11): 72-78. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20171227003.
[23] 葛少云,李吉峰,刘洪,等.考虑多能耦合及品位差异的含储能微网可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):165-173.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170903002.GE Shaoyun, LI Jifeng, LIU Hong, et al. Reliability evaluation of microgrid containing energy storage system considering multi-energy coupling and grade difference[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 165-173. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170903002.
[24] 徐海翔.风光储电站参与电力市场的交易机制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.XU Haixiang. Research on trading mechanisms of wind/solar/storage power station in power market[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2014.
[25] EYER J, COREY G. Energy storage for the electricity grid: benefits and market potential assessment guide[R/OL]. [2018-08-10]. http://www.doc88.com/p-6651998570331.html.
[26] 中国储能网新闻中心.中国储能定价机制的探讨[EB/OL].[2018-07-28].http://www.escn.com.cn/news/show-381075.html.China Energy Storage Network News Center. Discussion on pricing mechanism of energy storage in China[EB/OL]. [2018-07-28]. http://www.escn.com.cn/news/show-381075.html.
[27] TENG F, STRBAC G. Business cases for energy storage with multiple service provision[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2016, 4(4): 615-625.
[28] ABAPOUR S, NOJAVAN S, ABAPOYR M. Multi-objective short-term scheduling of active distribution networks for benefit maximization of DisCos and DG owners considering demand response programs and energy storage system[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2018, 6(1): 95-106.
[29] OUREILIDIS K O, BAKIRTZIS E A, DEMOULIAS C S. Frequency-based control of islanded microgrid with renewable energy sources and energy storage[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2016, 4(1): 54-62.
[30] 国家电力监管委员会华北监管局.华北区域风电场并网运行管理实施细则(试行)[EB/OL].[2018-08-10].https://wenku.baidu.com/view/04c03aeaa5e9856a571260c9.html.North China Regulatory Bureau of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission. Rules for implementation of grid-connected operation and management of wind farms in North China (trial)[EB/OL]. [2018-08-10]. https://wenku.baidu.com/view/04c03aeaa5e9856a571260c9.html.
[31] 电力工业部.供电营业规则[J].中国电力,1997,30(2):2-16.Ministry of Electric Power Industry. Business rules for power supply[J]. Electric Power, 1997, 30(2): 2-16.
[2] NREL. Renewable electricity futures study[EB/OL]. [2018-06-19]. http://www.nrel.gov.
[3] NEB. Canada’s energy future 2013: energy supply and demand projections to 2035[EB/OL]. [2018-07-02]. http://www.neb-one.ga.ca.
[4] 新华网.日本公布可再生能源发展新战略[EB/OL].[2018-08-10].http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2012-08/31/c_11291 9092.htm.Xinhuanet. Japan announced the new development strategy of the renewable energy [EB/OL]. [2018-08-10]. http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2012-08/31/c_112919092.htm.
[5] European Commission. Energy for the future: renewable resources of energy white paper for a community strategy and action plan[EB/OL]. [2018-08-10]. http://www.economicsweb institute.org.
[6] HOLTTINEN H, MEIBOM P, ORTHS A, et al. Impacts of large amounts of wind power on design and operation of power systems, results of IEA collaboration[J]. Wind Energy, 2011, 14(2): 179-192.
[7] CARRASCO J, FRANQUELO L, BIALASIEWICZ J, et al. Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: a survey[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2006, 53(4): 1002-1016.
[8] 鲁宗相,李海波,乔颖.高比例可再生能源并网的电力系统灵活性评价与平衡机理[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):9-20.LU Zongxiang, LI Haibo, QIAO Ying. Flexibility evaluation and supply/demand balance principle of power system with high-penetration renewable electricity[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(1): 9-20.
[9] 孙伟卿,王承民,张焰,等.采用柔性化方法表示刚性约束的电力系统优化模型[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):120-126. SUN Weiqing, WANG Chengmin, ZHANG Yan, et al. A power system optimization model adopting flexible expression of rigid constraints[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(3): 120-126.
[10] SAMADI P, WONG V W S, SCHOBER R. Load scheduling and power trading in systems with high penetration of renewable energy resources[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016, 7(4): 1802-1812.
[11] 马洲俊,程浩忠,丁昊,等.含不确定性电源的电力系统柔性生产模拟[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(17):63-70.MA Zhoujun, CHENG Haozhong, DING Hao, et al. Flexible production simulation for power system with uncertain energy[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013, 41(17): 63-70.
[12] LI X, YAO L, HUI D. Optimal control and management of a large-scale battery energy storage system to mitigate fluctuation and intermittence of renewable generations[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2016, 4(4): 593-603.
[13] 李建林,马会萌,惠东.储能技术融合分布式可再生能源的现状及发展趋势[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(14):1-10.LI Jianlin, MA Huimeng, HUI Dong. Present development condition and trends of energy storage technology in the integration of distributed renewable energy[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(14): 1-10.
[14] 白建华,辛颂旭,刘俊,等.中国实现高比例可再生能源发展路径研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3699-3705. BAI Jianhua, XIN Songxu, LIU Jun, et al. Roadmap of realizing the high penetration renewable energy in China[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(14): 3699-3705.
[15] 颜志敏,王承民,郑健,等.配电网中蓄电池储能系统的价值评估模型[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(2):57-61.YAN Zhimin, WANG Chengmin, ZHENG Jian, et al. Value assessment model of battery energy storage system in distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2013, 33(2): 57-61.
[16] 王成山,于波,肖峻,等.平滑可再生能源发电系统输出波动的储能系统容量优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):1-8. WANG Chengshan, YU Bo, XIAO Jun, et al. Sizing of energy storage systems for output smoothing of renewable energy systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(16): 1-8.
[17] 丁明,徐宁舟,毕锐.用于平抑可再生能源功率波动的储能电站建模及评价[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(2):66-72. DING Ming, XU Ningzhou, BI Rui. Model of BESS for smoothing renewable energy output fluctuations[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35(2): 66-72.
[18] 陈满,陆志刚,刘怡,等.电池储能系统恒功率削峰填谷优化策略研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(9):232-237.CHEN Man, LU Zhigang, LIU Yi, et al. Research on optimal peak load shifting strategy of battery energy storage system operated in constant power mode[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(9): 232-237.
[19] 刘子铭.价值工程在风电项目生命周期管理中的应用[D].北京:华北电力大学,2013.LIU Ziming. The application of value engineering in the wind power project life cycle management[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2013.
[20] 张云霞,崔越峰.内在价值,工具价值,系统价值辩证关系初探[J].河南师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011,38(2):27-30.ZHANG Yunxia, CUI Yuefeng. A preliminary study of dialectical relations among intrinsic value, instrumental value and systematic value[J]. Journal of Henan Normal University: Philosophical and Social Sciences, 2011, 38(2): 27-30.
[21] 刘友红,崔俊杰.价值重估:从狭义价值到系统价值——走出现代人类中心主义困境的探索[J].理论探索,2010(4):29-34.LIU Youhong, CUI Junjie. Value revaluation: from narrow value to system value: exploring the dilemma of modern anthropocentrism[J]. Theoretical Exploration, 2010(4): 29-34.
[22] 修晓青,唐巍,李建林,等.基于层次分析法的储能配置综合评估技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(11):72-78.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171227003.XIU Xiaoqing, TANG Wei, LI Jianlin, et al. Comprehensive evaluation technology of energy storage configuration based on analytic hierarchy process[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(11): 72-78. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20171227003.
[23] 葛少云,李吉峰,刘洪,等.考虑多能耦合及品位差异的含储能微网可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):165-173.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170903002.GE Shaoyun, LI Jifeng, LIU Hong, et al. Reliability evaluation of microgrid containing energy storage system considering multi-energy coupling and grade difference[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 165-173. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170903002.
[24] 徐海翔.风光储电站参与电力市场的交易机制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.XU Haixiang. Research on trading mechanisms of wind/solar/storage power station in power market[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2014.
[25] EYER J, COREY G. Energy storage for the electricity grid: benefits and market potential assessment guide[R/OL]. [2018-08-10]. http://www.doc88.com/p-6651998570331.html.
[26] 中国储能网新闻中心.中国储能定价机制的探讨[EB/OL].[2018-07-28].http://www.escn.com.cn/news/show-381075.html.China Energy Storage Network News Center. Discussion on pricing mechanism of energy storage in China[EB/OL]. [2018-07-28]. http://www.escn.com.cn/news/show-381075.html.
[27] TENG F, STRBAC G. Business cases for energy storage with multiple service provision[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2016, 4(4): 615-625.
[28] ABAPOUR S, NOJAVAN S, ABAPOYR M. Multi-objective short-term scheduling of active distribution networks for benefit maximization of DisCos and DG owners considering demand response programs and energy storage system[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2018, 6(1): 95-106.
[29] OUREILIDIS K O, BAKIRTZIS E A, DEMOULIAS C S. Frequency-based control of islanded microgrid with renewable energy sources and energy storage[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2016, 4(1): 54-62.
[30] 国家电力监管委员会华北监管局.华北区域风电场并网运行管理实施细则(试行)[EB/OL].[2018-08-10].https://wenku.baidu.com/view/04c03aeaa5e9856a571260c9.html.North China Regulatory Bureau of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission. Rules for implementation of grid-connected operation and management of wind farms in North China (trial)[EB/OL]. [2018-08-10]. https://wenku.baidu.com/view/04c03aeaa5e9856a571260c9.html.
[31] 电力工业部.供电营业规则[J].中国电力,1997,30(2):2-16.Ministry of Electric Power Industry. Business rules for power supply[J]. Electric Power, 1997, 30(2): 2-16.
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