不同标准柴油对柴油机性能和排放的影响
|
摘要
为研究不同柴油燃料对发动机燃烧和排放特性的影响,选取国Ⅱ~国Ⅴ不同标准柴油及加油站购得的4种国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ标准柴油,在一台满足国Ⅳ排放法规的电控高压共轨柴油机上开展实验研究.结果表明,市售满足国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ标准柴油对满足国Ⅳ排放标准的柴油机有效燃油消耗率(BSFC)影响差异在2%,以内,NO_x排放加权值差异在10%,以内,HC、CO排放差异在20%,以内,碳烟排放整体很低.燃用国Ⅱ~国Ⅴ这4种不同标准的柴油后,共轨柴油机外特性转矩及功率差异在2.4%,以内,在欧洲稳态测试循环(ESC)工况下燃油消耗率差异小于2%,;在不同转速和负荷下,随着燃料十六烷值的降低,NO_x排放略有增大,燃用4种不同标准的柴油后,ESC循环NO_x排放加权结果变化在7%,以内;4种燃油对国Ⅳ排放共轨柴油机动力性、经济性影响很小,燃用不同燃料时碳烟、HC和CO排放均低于国Ⅳ排放限值.
To investigate the effect of various standard fuels on the performance and emissions of diesel engines,four standard fuels(StateⅡ—stateⅤ)and four standard fuels(State Ⅳ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations were chosen to run on a diesel engine equipped with a common rail fuel injection system.Results show that the four standard fuels(State Ⅳ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations can affect break specific fuel consumption(BSFC)within 2%,,break specific NOx emissions within 10%,,and HC and CO emissions within 20%,,and their soot emissions are very low.For the common rail diesel engine,the difference in full load power and torque is 2.4%, when using the four State Ⅱ—Ⅴ diesel fuels,the fuel consumption difference is less than 2%, at ESC test cycle,the NOx emissions increase slightly with the use of lower cetane number fuels under different rotational speeds and loads,and the break specific NO_x emissions change within 7%,.The four fuels have little effect on the performance and fuel economy common rail diesel engine,and their soot,HC and CO emissions are all below the national Ⅳ emission limit.
To investigate the effect of various standard fuels on the performance and emissions of diesel engines,four standard fuels(StateⅡ—stateⅤ)and four standard fuels(State Ⅳ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations were chosen to run on a diesel engine equipped with a common rail fuel injection system.Results show that the four standard fuels(State Ⅳ/Ⅴ)derived from filling stations can affect break specific fuel consumption(BSFC)within 2%,,break specific NOx emissions within 10%,,and HC and CO emissions within 20%,,and their soot emissions are very low.For the common rail diesel engine,the difference in full load power and torque is 2.4%, when using the four State Ⅱ—Ⅴ diesel fuels,the fuel consumption difference is less than 2%, at ESC test cycle,the NOx emissions increase slightly with the use of lower cetane number fuels under different rotational speeds and loads,and the break specific NO_x emissions change within 7%,.The four fuels have little effect on the performance and fuel economy common rail diesel engine,and their soot,HC and CO emissions are all below the national Ⅳ emission limit.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国环境保护部.中国机动车污染防治年报[R].北京:中华人民共和国环境保护部,2014.Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.China Vehicle Emission Control Annual Report[R].Beijing:Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China,2014(in Chinese).
[2]Piotr Bielaczyc,Miloslaw Kozak,Jerzy Merkisz,et al.Effects of fuel properties on exhaust emissions from the latest light-duty DI diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Yokohama,Japan,2003,2003-01-1882.
[3]安俏俏,朱建军,王晋,等.柴油机燃用混合替代燃料的燃烧与排放特性[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014,20(3):270-275.An Qiaoqiao,Zhu Jianjun,Wang Jin,et al.Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with alternative fuel blends[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2014,20(3):270-275(in Chinese).
[4]Cho Kukwon,Han Manbae,Scott Sluder C,et al.Experimental investigation of the effects of fuel characteristics on high efficiency clean combustion in a lightduty diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Florence,Italy,2009,2009-01-2669.
[5]司鹏鹍,刘海峰,王海,等.燃料理化特性对柴油机低温燃烧过程及排放特性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2014,32(1):6-13.Si Pengkun,Liu Haifeng,Wang Hai,et al.Effects of fuel properties on low temperature combustion processes and emissions of diesel engines[J].Transactions of CSICE,2014,32(1):6-13(in Chinese).
[6]郑尊清,孔令存,刘海峰,等.宽馏分燃料对柴油机低温燃烧影响的试验研究[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014,20(2):95-100.Zheng Zunqing,Kong Lingcun,Liu Haifeng,et al.Experimental study on effects of wide-distillation fuel properties on low temperature combustion in a diesel engine[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2014,20(2):95-100(in Chinese).
[7]ACEA,Auto Alliance,EMA,JAMA.Worldwide Fuel Charter[EB/OL].Fifth Edition.http://www.jama.or.jp/eco/wwfc/pdf/WWFC5_2013_Final_single_page_corr.pdf,2013.
[8]Kidoguchi Yoshiyuki,Yang Changlin,Miwa Kei.Effects of fuel properties on combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Paris,France,2000,2000-01-1851.
[9]陈文淼,王建昕,帅石金,等.柴油硫含量对排放特性的影响[J].内燃机工程,2008,29(4):41-45.Chen Wenmiao,Wang Jianxin,Shuai Shijin,et al.Effect of sulfur content in diesel fuel on engine performance[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2008,29(4):41-45(in Chinese).
[10]司云航,朱玉琴,邹荣梅,等.我国车用柴油标准现状及发展趋势[J].石油与天然气化工,2014,43(1):82-86.Si Yunhang,Zhu Yuqin,Zou Rongmei,et al.Current situation and development trends of diesel standards in China[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2014,43(1):82-86(in Chinese).
[11]赵际燕.市场车用柴油品质及使用状况调查分析[D]济南:山东大学能源与动力工程学院,2012.Zhao Jiyan.Survey and Analysis on Vehicle Diesel Quality and Application Status in Market[D].Jinan:School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,2012(in Chinese).
[12]董红霞,刘泉山,徐小红,等.柴油中的硫化物对发动机性能影响研究[J].润滑油与燃料,2009,18(6):42-44.Dong Hongxia,Liu Quanshan,Xu Xiaohong,et al.Effect of sulfur compounds in diesel fuel on the performance of diesel engine[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2009,18(6):42-44(in Chinese).
[13]Piotr Bielaczyc,Jerzy Merkisz,Miloslaw Kozak,et al.Analysis of the influence of fuel sulphur content on diesel engine particulate emissions[C]//SAE Paper.Paris,France,2002,2002-01-2219.
[14]Singal S K,Pundir B P.Diesel fuel quality and particulate emission:An overview[C]//SAE Paper.Dearbon,Michigan,USA,1996,961185.
[15]董芳,侯树梅,刘馨璐,等.柴油燃料特性对重型柴油机燃烧和排放影响的试验[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(4):289-295.Dong Fang,Hou Shumei,Liu Xinlu,et al.Experiment on the effect of diesel fuel properties on combustion and emissions in a heavy-duty diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2016,34(4):289-295(in Chinese).
[2]Piotr Bielaczyc,Miloslaw Kozak,Jerzy Merkisz,et al.Effects of fuel properties on exhaust emissions from the latest light-duty DI diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Yokohama,Japan,2003,2003-01-1882.
[3]安俏俏,朱建军,王晋,等.柴油机燃用混合替代燃料的燃烧与排放特性[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014,20(3):270-275.An Qiaoqiao,Zhu Jianjun,Wang Jin,et al.Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with alternative fuel blends[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2014,20(3):270-275(in Chinese).
[4]Cho Kukwon,Han Manbae,Scott Sluder C,et al.Experimental investigation of the effects of fuel characteristics on high efficiency clean combustion in a lightduty diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Florence,Italy,2009,2009-01-2669.
[5]司鹏鹍,刘海峰,王海,等.燃料理化特性对柴油机低温燃烧过程及排放特性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2014,32(1):6-13.Si Pengkun,Liu Haifeng,Wang Hai,et al.Effects of fuel properties on low temperature combustion processes and emissions of diesel engines[J].Transactions of CSICE,2014,32(1):6-13(in Chinese).
[6]郑尊清,孔令存,刘海峰,等.宽馏分燃料对柴油机低温燃烧影响的试验研究[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014,20(2):95-100.Zheng Zunqing,Kong Lingcun,Liu Haifeng,et al.Experimental study on effects of wide-distillation fuel properties on low temperature combustion in a diesel engine[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2014,20(2):95-100(in Chinese).
[7]ACEA,Auto Alliance,EMA,JAMA.Worldwide Fuel Charter[EB/OL].Fifth Edition.http://www.jama.or.jp/eco/wwfc/pdf/WWFC5_2013_Final_single_page_corr.pdf,2013.
[8]Kidoguchi Yoshiyuki,Yang Changlin,Miwa Kei.Effects of fuel properties on combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Paris,France,2000,2000-01-1851.
[9]陈文淼,王建昕,帅石金,等.柴油硫含量对排放特性的影响[J].内燃机工程,2008,29(4):41-45.Chen Wenmiao,Wang Jianxin,Shuai Shijin,et al.Effect of sulfur content in diesel fuel on engine performance[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2008,29(4):41-45(in Chinese).
[10]司云航,朱玉琴,邹荣梅,等.我国车用柴油标准现状及发展趋势[J].石油与天然气化工,2014,43(1):82-86.Si Yunhang,Zhu Yuqin,Zou Rongmei,et al.Current situation and development trends of diesel standards in China[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2014,43(1):82-86(in Chinese).
[11]赵际燕.市场车用柴油品质及使用状况调查分析[D]济南:山东大学能源与动力工程学院,2012.Zhao Jiyan.Survey and Analysis on Vehicle Diesel Quality and Application Status in Market[D].Jinan:School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,2012(in Chinese).
[12]董红霞,刘泉山,徐小红,等.柴油中的硫化物对发动机性能影响研究[J].润滑油与燃料,2009,18(6):42-44.Dong Hongxia,Liu Quanshan,Xu Xiaohong,et al.Effect of sulfur compounds in diesel fuel on the performance of diesel engine[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2009,18(6):42-44(in Chinese).
[13]Piotr Bielaczyc,Jerzy Merkisz,Miloslaw Kozak,et al.Analysis of the influence of fuel sulphur content on diesel engine particulate emissions[C]//SAE Paper.Paris,France,2002,2002-01-2219.
[14]Singal S K,Pundir B P.Diesel fuel quality and particulate emission:An overview[C]//SAE Paper.Dearbon,Michigan,USA,1996,961185.
[15]董芳,侯树梅,刘馨璐,等.柴油燃料特性对重型柴油机燃烧和排放影响的试验[J].内燃机学报,2016,34(4):289-295.Dong Fang,Hou Shumei,Liu Xinlu,et al.Experiment on the effect of diesel fuel properties on combustion and emissions in a heavy-duty diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2016,34(4):289-295(in Chinese).