不同类型植被河岸缓冲带对模拟径流及总磷的消减研究
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摘要
在九龙江上游北溪流域,选择杂交狼尾草(Pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum)、红花檵木(Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum)、红叶石楠(Photinia fraseri)3种植物及原生撂荒杂草地,构建对照(A)、草本(B)、灌草(C)和灌木(D)4种不同处理的植被缓冲带,通过模拟不同浓度面源污染下的农田径流,探讨不同植被组合对径流量及总磷的消减效果.结果表明:各缓冲带不同植被对径流量及总磷的消减效果均表现为草本>灌草>灌木,其中,草本缓冲带对径流量的消减率最高,达到86.93%,在高、低浓度进水时对总磷浓度的消减分别为95.20%、80.69%;4种不同植被缓冲带对总磷浓度的消减效果随缓冲带宽度的增加均出现上升的趋势,其中,前半段消减效果最佳,后半段消减趋势减缓;高浓度污染进水条件下缓冲带对总磷的消减效率高于低浓度进水;4种缓冲带对磷总量的消减量分别为27.70、28.02、28.06和26.94 g.研究成果可为九龙江上游河岸缓冲带建设及流域氮磷污染率治理和生态评价提供科学示范及理论依据.
In the upper reaches of the north branch of the Jiulong River,the riparian buffer zone was constructed with different vegetative cover types of original weeds,Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum,Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum and Photinia fraseri. Field simulated runoff experiments were performed to study the reduction effects on runoff volumes and total phosphorus in the contructed buffer zone with four vegetation combination treatments.The result showed that the order of reduction effects on the runoff and total phosphorus concentration inr four treatents was herb > herb +shrub > shrub.The highest runoff reduction rate was 86. 93% in the herb buffer,and the corresponding reductions in total phosphorus were 95. 20% and 80. 69%respectively in the higher and lower phosphorus concentration input simulation. The reduction effect on total phosphorus raised with the increase of thebuffer width of four different treatments.The reduction effects were better in the upper half section of the buffer zones. The reductions in total phosphorus were higher in the simulated higher phosphorus concentration input. The total reduction amounts of phosphorus in the four buffer treatments were 27.70 g,28.02 g,28.06 g and 26.94 g,respectively. The results provide a scientific demonstration and theoretical basis for the construction of the riparian buffer zone in the upper reaches of Jiulong River.
In the upper reaches of the north branch of the Jiulong River,the riparian buffer zone was constructed with different vegetative cover types of original weeds,Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum,Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum and Photinia fraseri. Field simulated runoff experiments were performed to study the reduction effects on runoff volumes and total phosphorus in the contructed buffer zone with four vegetation combination treatments.The result showed that the order of reduction effects on the runoff and total phosphorus concentration inr four treatents was herb > herb +shrub > shrub.The highest runoff reduction rate was 86. 93% in the herb buffer,and the corresponding reductions in total phosphorus were 95. 20% and 80. 69%respectively in the higher and lower phosphorus concentration input simulation. The reduction effect on total phosphorus raised with the increase of thebuffer width of four different treatments.The reduction effects were better in the upper half section of the buffer zones. The reductions in total phosphorus were higher in the simulated higher phosphorus concentration input. The total reduction amounts of phosphorus in the four buffer treatments were 27.70 g,28.02 g,28.06 g and 26.94 g,respectively. The results provide a scientific demonstration and theoretical basis for the construction of the riparian buffer zone in the upper reaches of Jiulong River.
引文
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李萍萍,崔波,付为国,等.2013.河岸带不同植被类型及宽度对污染物去除效果的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(6):47-52
廖敏,叶照金,黄宇,等.2017.长兴县合溪水库集雨区苗木地不同施肥管理模式对径流磷素流失的影响[J].生态学报,37(21):7342-7350
Mankin K R,Ngandu D M,Barden C J,et al.2007.Grass-shrub riparian buffer removal of sediment,phosphorus,and nitrogen from simulated runoff[J].Jawra Journal of the American Water Resources Association,43(5):1108-1116
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潘响亮,邓伟.2003.农业流域河岸缓冲区研究综述[J].农业环境科学学报,22(2):244-247
Roberts A D,Prince S D.2010.Effects of urban and non-urban land cover on nitrogen and phosphorus runoff to Chesapeake Bay[J].Ecological Indicators,10(2):459-474
申小波,陈传胜,张章,等.2014.不同宽度模拟植被过滤带对农田径流、泥沙以及氮磷的拦截效果[J].农业环境科学学报,33(4):721-729
汤家喜,何苗苗,王道涵,等.2016.河岸缓冲带对地表径流及悬浮颗粒物的阻控效应[J].环境工程学报,10(5):2747-2755
唐浩,黄沈发,王敏,等.2009.不同草皮缓冲带对径流污染物的去除效果试验研究[J].环境科学与技术,32(2):109-112
王华玲,赵建伟,程东升,等.2010.不同植被缓冲带对坡耕地地表径流中氮磷的拦截效果[J].农业环境科学学报,29(9):1730-1736
王凭青,段传人,王伯初,等.2005.杂交狼尾草水土保持能力的实验研究[J].水土保持学报,19(1):114-116,135
王卫平,洪华生,张玉珍,等.2006.九龙江污染物入海通量初步估算[J].海洋环境科学,25(2):45-47,57
王永壮,陈欣,史奕.2013.农田土壤中磷素有效性及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,24(1):260-268
吴建军,李娟,李荣斌,等.2015.施肥措施及灌木缓冲带对雷竹林不同形态磷流失及雷笋产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,29(6):53-58
吴建强.2011.不同坡度缓冲带滞缓径流及污染物去除定量化[J].水科学进展,22(1):112-117.
吴健,王敏,吴建强,等.2008.滨岸缓冲带植物群落优化配置试验研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,24(4):42-45
肖波,萨仁娜,陶梅,等.2013.草本植被过滤带对径流中泥沙和除草剂的去除效果[J].农业工程学报,29(12):136-144
阎丽凤,石险峰,于立忠,等.2011.沈阳地区河岸植被缓冲带对氮,磷的削减效果研究[J].中国生态农业学报,19(2):403-408
张广分.2013.潮白河上游河岸植被缓冲带对氮,磷去除效果研究[J].中国农学通报,29(8):189-194
Anbumozhi V,Radhakrishnan J,Yamaji E.2005.Impact of riparian buffer zones on water quality and associated management considerations[J].Ecological Engineering,24(5):517-523
Borin M,Passoni M,Thiene M,et al.2010.Multiple functions of buffer strips in farming areas[J].European Journal of Agronomy,32(1):103-111
卜晓莉,王利民,薛建辉.2015.湖滨林草复合缓冲带对泥沙和氮磷的拦截效果[J].水土保持学报,29(4):32-36
Condron L M,Newman S.2011.Revisiting the fundamentals of phosphorus fractionation of sediments and soils[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,11(5):830-840
Correll D L.2005.Principles of planning and establishment of buffer zones[J].Ecological Engineering,24(5):433-439
Cox F R,Hendricks S E.2000.Soil test phosphorus and clay content effects on runoff water quality[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,29(5):1582-1586
Fernandez Ugalde O,Virto I,Bescansa P,et al.2009.No-tillage improvement of soil physical quality in calcareous,degradationprone,semiarid soils[J].Soil and Tillage Research,106(1):29-35
高珍萍,徐祥明,邱秀亮,等.2015.赣南地区不同植被覆盖下红壤抗冲性动态研究[J].水土保持研究,22(5):1-4
Ha M,Wu M.2015.Simulating and evaluating best management practices for integrated landscape management scenarios in biofuel feedstock production[J].Biofuels,Bioproducts and Biorefining,9(6):709-721
何聪,刘璐嘉,王苏胜,等.2014.不同宽度草皮缓冲带对农田径流氮磷去除效果研究[J].水土保持研究,21(4):55-58
洪华生,曹文志,张玉珍,等.2004.九龙江典型流域氮磷流失的模拟研究[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,43(B8):243-248
Kelly J M,Kovar J L,Sokolowsky R,et al.2007.Phosphorus uptake during four years by different vegetative cover types in a riparian buffer[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,78(3):239-251
Lowrance R,Sheridan J M.2005.Surface runoff water quality in a managed three zone riparian buffer[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,34(5):1851-1859
李萍萍,崔波,付为国,等.2013.河岸带不同植被类型及宽度对污染物去除效果的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(6):47-52
廖敏,叶照金,黄宇,等.2017.长兴县合溪水库集雨区苗木地不同施肥管理模式对径流磷素流失的影响[J].生态学报,37(21):7342-7350
Mankin K R,Ngandu D M,Barden C J,et al.2007.Grass-shrub riparian buffer removal of sediment,phosphorus,and nitrogen from simulated runoff[J].Jawra Journal of the American Water Resources Association,43(5):1108-1116
Marc D,Richard H.2009.Reduction in agricultural non-point source pollution in the first year following establishment of an integrated grass/tree filter strip system in southern Quebec(Canada)[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,131(1):85-97
Messer T L,Burchell M R,Grabow G L,et al.2012.Groundwater nitrate reductions within upstream and downstream sections of a riparian buffer[J].Ecological Engineering,47(5):297-307
Neilen A D,Chen C R,Parker B M,et al.2017.Differences in nitrate and phosphorus export between wooded and grassed riparian zones from farmland to receiving waterways under varying rainfall conditions[J].Science of the Total Environment,598:188-197
潘响亮,邓伟.2003.农业流域河岸缓冲区研究综述[J].农业环境科学学报,22(2):244-247
Roberts A D,Prince S D.2010.Effects of urban and non-urban land cover on nitrogen and phosphorus runoff to Chesapeake Bay[J].Ecological Indicators,10(2):459-474
申小波,陈传胜,张章,等.2014.不同宽度模拟植被过滤带对农田径流、泥沙以及氮磷的拦截效果[J].农业环境科学学报,33(4):721-729
汤家喜,何苗苗,王道涵,等.2016.河岸缓冲带对地表径流及悬浮颗粒物的阻控效应[J].环境工程学报,10(5):2747-2755
唐浩,黄沈发,王敏,等.2009.不同草皮缓冲带对径流污染物的去除效果试验研究[J].环境科学与技术,32(2):109-112
王华玲,赵建伟,程东升,等.2010.不同植被缓冲带对坡耕地地表径流中氮磷的拦截效果[J].农业环境科学学报,29(9):1730-1736
王凭青,段传人,王伯初,等.2005.杂交狼尾草水土保持能力的实验研究[J].水土保持学报,19(1):114-116,135
王卫平,洪华生,张玉珍,等.2006.九龙江污染物入海通量初步估算[J].海洋环境科学,25(2):45-47,57
王永壮,陈欣,史奕.2013.农田土壤中磷素有效性及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,24(1):260-268
吴建军,李娟,李荣斌,等.2015.施肥措施及灌木缓冲带对雷竹林不同形态磷流失及雷笋产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,29(6):53-58
吴建强.2011.不同坡度缓冲带滞缓径流及污染物去除定量化[J].水科学进展,22(1):112-117.
吴健,王敏,吴建强,等.2008.滨岸缓冲带植物群落优化配置试验研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,24(4):42-45
肖波,萨仁娜,陶梅,等.2013.草本植被过滤带对径流中泥沙和除草剂的去除效果[J].农业工程学报,29(12):136-144
阎丽凤,石险峰,于立忠,等.2011.沈阳地区河岸植被缓冲带对氮,磷的削减效果研究[J].中国生态农业学报,19(2):403-408
张广分.2013.潮白河上游河岸植被缓冲带对氮,磷去除效果研究[J].中国农学通报,29(8):189-194
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