2017-2018年青岛地区儿童急性上呼吸道感染病毒谱与流行特征
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摘要
目的了解2017年3月-2018年3月青岛地区儿童急性上呼吸道感染病毒谱与流行特征。方法随机抽选青岛地区符合国家流感监测方案诊断标准的流感监测病例中的儿童流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)作为研究对象,共检测359例。采集患儿咽拭子,采用多重实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链反应进行核酸检测的方法,对9种呼吸道病毒进行筛查。结果 359例标本中200例至少有1种病毒检测结果为阳性,阳性率为55.71%(200/359)。其中,阳性最多的是流感病毒B型(Influenza Virus B, IVB)Yamagata亚型29.50%(59/200),其次是肠道病毒(Human Enterovirus, HEV) 15.00%(30/200),呼吸道腺病毒(Adenovirus, AdV) 13.50%(27/200),呼吸道合胞病毒A型(Respiratory Syncytial Virus A, RSVA) 12.50%(25/200),流感病毒A型(Influenza Virus A, IVA) H1N1亚型10.00%(20/200)等。2例3种病毒混合感染,1例4种病毒混合感染。结论 2017年3月-2018年3月9种呼吸道病毒在青岛地区均有流行,IVB Yamagata亚型、HEV、AdV、RSVA亚型、IVA H1N1亚型为主要流行病毒。其中流感病毒、HEV、RSV、偏肺病毒(Human metapneumovirus, HMPV)具有明显的季节性分布。9种病毒在各病毒流行月份存在混合感染。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viruses in influenza-like illness in children during March 2017 to March 2018 in Qingdao. Methods A random selection of influenza surveillance cases(influenza-like illness, ILI) among children in Qingdao area was selected as the research object, and 359 cases were detected. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for multiple-fluorescence real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid detection to screen 9 kinds of respiratory viruses. Results Among the 359 Cases, 200 cases were positive for at least 1 kinds of viruses, and the positive rate was 55.71%(200/359). Among these 200 cases, the most positive numbers were influenza B Yamagata(IVB Yamagata) 29.50%(59/200), followed by enterovirus 15.00%(30/200), respiratory adenovirus(AdV) 13.50%(27/200), respiratory syncytial virus A(RSVA) 12.5%(25/200), influenza A H1 N1(IVA H1 N1) 10.00%(20/200), etc. 2 cases were 3 kinds of mixed viruses infected and 1 case was 4 kinds of mixed viruses infected. Conclusions Nine kinds of respiratory viruses are prevalent in Qingdao during March 2017-March 2018. The main prevalence viruses contain influenza B Yamagata, enterovirus, respiratory adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A, influenza A H1 N1. There is obvious seasonal distribution of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, metapneumovirus. A mixed infection exists between 9 kinds of respiratory viruses, and mixed infection occurs in the month of the virus epidemic.
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viruses in influenza-like illness in children during March 2017 to March 2018 in Qingdao. Methods A random selection of influenza surveillance cases(influenza-like illness, ILI) among children in Qingdao area was selected as the research object, and 359 cases were detected. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for multiple-fluorescence real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid detection to screen 9 kinds of respiratory viruses. Results Among the 359 Cases, 200 cases were positive for at least 1 kinds of viruses, and the positive rate was 55.71%(200/359). Among these 200 cases, the most positive numbers were influenza B Yamagata(IVB Yamagata) 29.50%(59/200), followed by enterovirus 15.00%(30/200), respiratory adenovirus(AdV) 13.50%(27/200), respiratory syncytial virus A(RSVA) 12.5%(25/200), influenza A H1 N1(IVA H1 N1) 10.00%(20/200), etc. 2 cases were 3 kinds of mixed viruses infected and 1 case was 4 kinds of mixed viruses infected. Conclusions Nine kinds of respiratory viruses are prevalent in Qingdao during March 2017-March 2018. The main prevalence viruses contain influenza B Yamagata, enterovirus, respiratory adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A, influenza A H1 N1. There is obvious seasonal distribution of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, metapneumovirus. A mixed infection exists between 9 kinds of respiratory viruses, and mixed infection occurs in the month of the virus epidemic.
引文
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[2] Tang JW,Lam TT,Zaraket H,et al.Global epidemiology of non-influenza RNA respiratory viruses:data gaps and a growing need for surveillance[J].Lancet Infect Dis,2017,17(10):e320-e326.DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30238-4.
[3] Eduard R.Bos,Karen J.Hofman.Disease and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa [M].World Bank Publications,2006.
[4] 中华人名共和国卫生部.《全国流感监测方案(2010年版)》(卫办疾控发[2010]150号) [EB/OL].(2010-09-03)[2018-11-20].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zwgkzt/wsbysj/201009/48940.shtml.Ministry of health of the People's Republic of China.《National Influenza Surveillance Programme (2010 edition)》(CDC in the general office of the ministry of health dispatch documents[2010]No.150) [EB/OL].(2010-09-03)[2018-11-20].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zwgkzt/wsbysj/201009/48940.shtml.
[5] 陈敬贤,王明丽.感染人类呼吸道的病毒及其分类新进展 [J].国际生物制品学杂志,2009,32(1):19-24.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4211.2009.01.005.Chen JX,Wang ML.New progress and classification of respiratory virus infections in human [J].Int J Biologic,2009,31(1):19-24.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4211.2009.01.005.
[6] Fu Y,Pan L,Sun Q,et al.The clinical and etiological characteristics of influenza-like illness (ILI) in outpatients in Shanghai,China,2011 to 2013 [J].PloS One,2015,10(3):e0119513.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0119513.
[7] Wang H,Zheng Y,Deng J,et al.Prevalence of respiratory viruses among children hospitalized from respiratory infections in Shenzhen,China [J].Virol J,2016,13(1):39.DOI:10.1186/s12985-016-0493-7.
[8] Liu T,Li Z,Zhang S,et al.Viral Etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children and adults in Shandong Province,China [J].Virol J,2015,12(1):168.DOI:10.1186/s12985-015-0388-z.
[9] 李翔,方斌,叶国军,等.武汉市 2012-2015 年发热呼吸道症候群监测病例病毒检测结果分析 [J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(8):833-836.DOI:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.017.Li X,Fang B,Ye GJ,et al.Detection results of febrile respiratory syndrome surveillance cases in Wuhan during 2012-2015 [J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2018,22(8):833-836.DOI:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.017.
[10] 杨婷婷,杨宇,刘晓琳,等.青岛地区2005-2011年流感病毒病原学监测分析 [J].青岛大学医学院学报,2012,48(5):408-409.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4488.2012.05.011.Yang TT,Yang Y,Liu XL,et al.Analysis of etiological surveillance of influenza virus in Qingdao from 2005 to 2011 [J].J Qingdao Univ (Med Sci),2012,48(5):408-409.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4488.2012.05.011.
[11] 中国国家流感中心流感周报.中国流感流行情况概要 [EB/OL].(2018-03-29)[2018-11-20].http://www.chinaivdc.cn/cnic/zyzx/lgzb/.Weekly Report of Influenza virus circulating from China National Influenza Center.Summary of influenza situation in China [EB/OL].(2018-03-29)[2018-11-20].http://www.chinaivdc.cn/cnic/zyzx/lgzb/.
[12] Shu YL,Fang LQ,de Vlas SJ,et al.Dual seasonal patterns for influenza,China [J].Emerg Infect Dis,2010,16(4):725-726.DOI:10.3201/eid1604.091578.
[13] Jiang FC,Yang F,Chen L,et al.Meteorological factors affect the hand,foot,and mouth disease epidemic in Qingdao,China,2007–2014 [J].Epidemiol Infect,2016,144(11):2354-2362.DOI:10.1017/S0950268816000601.
[14] Sun S,Gao F,Hu Y,et al.A cross-sectional seroepidemiology study of EV-D68 in China [J].Emerg Microbes Infect,2018,7(1):99.DOI:10.1038/s41426-018-0103-4.
[15] Obando-Pacheco P,Justicia-Grande AJ,Rivero-Calle I,et al.Respiratory syncytial virus seasonality:a global overview [J].J Infect Dis,2018,217(9):1356-1364.DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiy056.
[16] Lynch JP,Kajon AE.Adenovirus:epidemiology,global spread of novel serotypes,and advances in treatment and prevention [J] Semin Respir Crit Care Med,2016,37(4):586-602.DOI:10.1055/s-0036-1584923.
[17] 陈伟,王盛书,张文义,等.我国呼吸道腺病毒疾病流行病学现况分析 [J].军事医学,2017,41(10):814-821.DOI:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2017.10.007.Chen W,Wang SS,Zhang WY,et al.Epidemiological analysis of respiratory adenovirus diseases in China [J].Milit Med Sci,2017,41(10):814-821.DOI:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2017.10.007.
[18] Assane D,Makhtar C,Abdoulaye D,et al.Viral and Bacterial Etiologies of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under 5 Years in Senegal [J].Microbiol Insights,2018,11(1):1-5.DOI:10.1177/1178636118758651.
[19] Bezerra PG,Britto MC,Correia JB,et al.Viral and atypical bacterial detection in acute respiratory infection in children under five years [J].PloS One,2011,6(4):e18928.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0018928.
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