天津污灌区菜地土壤团聚体中有机碳和重金属含量特征
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摘要
以天津某污灌菜地土壤为研究对象,分析干筛法所得不同粒径土壤团聚体颗粒中有机碳及重金属含量特征.结果表明,土壤团聚体粗大颗粒(>2 mm)含量最大,约为70%.0.25～0.5 mm粒级团聚体中Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb含量最高,Cr含量在5～8 mm粒径团聚体中最高,As在不同颗粒中含量差异较小,不同重金属元素含量随土层深度增加而减小.污灌土壤中重金属富集因子表现为Cd> Pb> Zn> Cu> Cr> As,在0.25～0.5 mm粒级团聚体颗粒中Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb分布因子最高,而5～8 mm粒径团聚体中重金属负载因子最大.土壤有机碳含量整体上随团聚体粒径增加表现为先增加后降低,不同粒径团聚体中Cu、Cd、Pb和As含量与有机碳含量呈显著正相关(p<0.05).
Organic carbon and heavy metal concentrations in different sizes of soil aggregates in wastewater irrigated vegetable soils of Tianjin were studied. Results showed that >2 mm soil aggregate was largest, being about 70%. The highest contents of heavy metals were distributed in the 0.25～0.5 mm aggregate for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and in the 5～8 mm aggregate for Cr, while there was no difference among the concentration of As in different size aggregates. The content of different heavy metals decreased with increasing of the depth of soil layer. Heavy metal enrichment factors in polluted soil was Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > As, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb showed the highest distribution factor in the aggregate particle of 0.25～0.5 mm, and the 5～8 mm particle size aggregates had the largest loading factor of heavy metals. The soil organic carbon content as a whole increased first and then decreased with the aggregate particle size increasing. The contents of Cu, Cd, Pb and As in different particle size aggregates were positively correlated with organic content(p<0.05).
Organic carbon and heavy metal concentrations in different sizes of soil aggregates in wastewater irrigated vegetable soils of Tianjin were studied. Results showed that >2 mm soil aggregate was largest, being about 70%. The highest contents of heavy metals were distributed in the 0.25～0.5 mm aggregate for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and in the 5～8 mm aggregate for Cr, while there was no difference among the concentration of As in different size aggregates. The content of different heavy metals decreased with increasing of the depth of soil layer. Heavy metal enrichment factors in polluted soil was Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > As, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb showed the highest distribution factor in the aggregate particle of 0.25～0.5 mm, and the 5～8 mm particle size aggregates had the largest loading factor of heavy metals. The soil organic carbon content as a whole increased first and then decreased with the aggregate particle size increasing. The contents of Cu, Cd, Pb and As in different particle size aggregates were positively correlated with organic content(p<0.05).
引文
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史琼彬, 赵秀兰, 常同举, 等. 2016. 耕作方式对紫色水稻土团聚体中有机质及重金属的分布特征影响[J]. 环境科学, 37(5): 1923-1930
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Tang Z Y, Wu L H, Luo Y M, et al. 2009. Size fractionation and characterization of nanocolloidal particles in soils[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 31(1): 1-10
Xiao R, Zhang M X, Yao X Y, et al. 2016.Heavy metal distribution in different soil aggregate size classes from restored brackish marsh, oil exploitation zone, and tidal mud flat of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Journal of Soils & Sediments, 16(3):821-830
Varrica D, Dongarrà G, Sabatino G, et al. 2003. Inorganic geochemistry of roadway dust from the metropolitan area of Palermo, Italy[J]. Environmental Geology, 44(2): 222-230
Wang X, Qin Y, Chen Y. 2006. Heavy meals in urban roadside soils, part 1: effect of particle size fractions on heavy metals partitioning[J]. Environmental Geology, 50(7): 1061-1066
Wiebold W J, Fritschi F B. 2011. Long-term tillage and crop rotation determines the mineral nutrient distributions of some elements in a Vertic Epiaqualf [J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 112(1): 27-35
王福琳, 许百全, 丁恬, 等. 1998. 污灌区居民健康状况的调查研究[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 15(6): 22-24
Zhang M K, Ke Z X. 2004. Copper and Zinc enrichment in different size fractions of organic matter from polluted soils[J]. Pedosphere, 14(1): 27-36
周启星, 宋玉芳. 2004. 污染土壤修复原理与方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社
Ahmadi A, Neyshabouri M R, Rouhipour H, et al. 2011. Fractal dimension of soil aggregates as an index of soil erodibility[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 400(3/4): 305-311
Ajmonemarsan F, Biasioli M, Kralj T, et al. 2008. Metals in particle-size fractions of the soils of five European cities [J]. Environmental Pollution, 152(1): 73-81
Balabane M, Fvan O. 2002. Metal enrichment of particulate organic matter in arable soils with low metal contamination[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34(10): 1513-1516
段德超, 戴露莹, 徐劼, 等. 2016. 某冶炼厂周边土壤碳组分与铜形态的相关性[J]. 环境科学学报, 36(8): 3027-3032
傅国伟. 2012. 中国水土重金属污染的防治对策[J]. 中国环境科学, 32(2): 373-376
龚仓, 马玲玲, 成杭新, 等. 2012. 典型农耕区黑土和沼泽土团聚体颗粒中重金属的分布特征解析[J]. 生态环境学报, 21(9): 1635-1639
龚仓, 徐殿斗, 成杭新, 等. 2013. 典型热带林地土壤团聚体颗粒中重金属的分布特征及其环境意义[J]. 环境科学, 34(3): 1094-1100
侯晓娜, 李慧, 朱刘兵, 等. 2015. 生物炭与秸秆添加对砂姜黑土团聚体组成和有机碳分布的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,48(4): 705-712
贾广梅, 马玲玲, 徐殿斗, 等. 2016. 红壤剖面重金属分布特征及对有机碳相应[J]. 环境科学, 37(9): 3547-3553
Krishnamurti G, Huang P, Van Rees K, et al. 1995. Speciation of particulate-bound cadmium of soils and its bioavailability[J]. Analyst, 120(120): 659-665
李景, 吴会军, 武雪萍, 等. 2015. 长期保护性耕作提高土壤大团聚体含量及团聚体有机碳的作用[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 21(2): 378-386
李恋卿, 潘根兴, 张平究, 等. 2001. 植被恢复对退化红壤表层土壤颗粒中有机碳和Pb、Cd分布的影响[J]. 生态学报, 21(11): 1769-1774
刘哲, 韩霁昌, 孙增慧, 等. 2017. 外源新碳对红壤团聚体及有机碳分布和稳定性的影响[J].环境科学学报, 37(6): 2351-2359
刘申, 刘凤枝, 李晓华, 等. 2010. 天津公园土壤重金属污染评价及其空间分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 19(5): 1097-1102
Mcgrath S, Zhao F, Dunham S, et al. 2000. Long-term changes in the extractability and bio-availability of Zinc and Cadmium after sludge application[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 29(29): 875-883
马建华, 马诗院, 陈云增. 2014. 河南某污灌区土壤-作物-人发系统重金属迁移与积累[J]. 环境科学学报, 34(6): 1517-1526
毛霞丽, 陆扣萍, 何丽芝, 等. 2015. 长期施肥对浙江稻田土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 52(4): 828-838
Mench M J. 1998. Cadmium availability to plants in relation to major long-term changes in agronomy systems[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 67(2/3): 175-187
Qian J, Shan X Q, Wang Z J, et al. 1996. Distribution and plant availability of heavy metals in different particle-size fractions of soil[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 187(2): 131-141
Semlali R M, Van O F, Denaix L, et al. 2001. Estimating distributions of endogenous and exogenous Pb in soils by using Pb isotopic ratios[J]. Environmental Science & Technonlogy, 35(21): 4180-4188
Sutherland R A. 2003. Lead in grain size fractions of road-deposited sediment[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2(121): 229-237
史琼彬, 赵秀兰, 常同举, 等. 2016. 耕作方式对紫色水稻土团聚体中有机质及重金属的分布特征影响[J]. 环境科学, 37(5): 1923-1930
孙文娟, 黄耀, 张稳, 等. 2008. 农田土壤固碳潜力研究的关键科学问题[J]. 地球科学进展, 23(9): 996-1004
Sun Y B, Zhou Q X, Xie X K, et al. 2010. Spatial, sources and risk assessment of heavy metal contamination of urban soils in typical regions of Shenyang, China [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 174: 455-462
Tang Z Y, Wu L H, Luo Y M, et al. 2009. Size fractionation and characterization of nanocolloidal particles in soils[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 31(1): 1-10
Xiao R, Zhang M X, Yao X Y, et al. 2016.Heavy metal distribution in different soil aggregate size classes from restored brackish marsh, oil exploitation zone, and tidal mud flat of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Journal of Soils & Sediments, 16(3):821-830
Varrica D, Dongarrà G, Sabatino G, et al. 2003. Inorganic geochemistry of roadway dust from the metropolitan area of Palermo, Italy[J]. Environmental Geology, 44(2): 222-230
Wang X, Qin Y, Chen Y. 2006. Heavy meals in urban roadside soils, part 1: effect of particle size fractions on heavy metals partitioning[J]. Environmental Geology, 50(7): 1061-1066
Wiebold W J, Fritschi F B. 2011. Long-term tillage and crop rotation determines the mineral nutrient distributions of some elements in a Vertic Epiaqualf [J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 112(1): 27-35
王福琳, 许百全, 丁恬, 等. 1998. 污灌区居民健康状况的调查研究[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 15(6): 22-24
Zhang M K, Ke Z X. 2004. Copper and Zinc enrichment in different size fractions of organic matter from polluted soils[J]. Pedosphere, 14(1): 27-36
周启星, 宋玉芳. 2004. 污染土壤修复原理与方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社