庐山变质核杂岩基底拆离带的变质作用P-T条件及其活动时代
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摘要
庐山变质核杂岩发育的拆离带分为东、西两条,伸展拆离和韧性流变构造发育,且具有伸展对称性。西侧拆离带内断层岩序列完整,上部为一固态流变构造带,以主拆离带为分界形成一个伸展构造变形的垂向分层变形域,主拆离带处变形最强。东侧拆离带主要发育糜棱岩带和构造片岩(片麻岩)带,其他构造层未见出露,其伸展拆离构造是叠加和改造早期左行剪切构造发育的。东侧拆离带内矿物的显微变形特征估算变形温度为500~580℃和580~700℃,又利用黑云母Ti温度计得到613~698℃的变质温度。角闪石-斜长石地质温度计和角闪石全铝压力计计算西侧拆离带内斜长角闪片岩的变质温度为666~691℃,压力为0.65~0.75GPa,说明西侧拆离带形成时的温压条件较高,埋深较大,与东侧拆离带一样达到了高角闪岩相。通过锆石年代学的研究得到东侧拆离带的伸展年龄为138.9Ma,与西侧拆离带一致,伸展早于岩浆,推测庐山变质核杂岩的原始拆离带是西侧拆离带,东侧拆离带是在重力均衡调节产生的底辟、褶皱作用下形成的次级拆离带。
Lushan metamorphic core complex can be divided into eastern and western extensionally-symmetrical detachment tectonic belts,with well-developed extension-detachment and ductile rheology structures.The western detachment belt contains one complete sequence of faulting rocks,with a solid rheological structure zone at top.The vertical stratification of an extensional structural deformation,bounded by the main detachment belt,suggests that the main detachment belt underwent the strongest deformation.Within the eastern detachment belt are developed mylonite zone and tectonic schist(gneiss)zone,and no other structures have been found on the surface.The extensional structure within the eastern detachment belt was developed on the early sinistral shear structures which were superimposed and modified.The formation temperatures of the eastern detachment belt were estimated 500～580℃ and 580～700℃ based on microscopic deformation characteristics of minerals,and the metamorphic temperature calculated by Tiin-biotite geothermometer was 613～698℃.This reveals that the metamorphism of the eastern detachment belt reached the high amphibolite facies during the formation stage.The metamorphic temperature and pressure of plagioclasite-hornblende schist within the western detachment belt were 666 ～ 691℃,0.65～0.75 GPa respectively,calculated by amphibole-plagioclase geothermometer and Al-in-hornblende barometer.It shows that the western detachment belt formed under the high P-T conditions and large burial depth.The condition of high amphibolite facies is consistent with the eastern detachment belt.Zircon U-Pb dating yielded an extension age of 138.9 Ma for the eastern detachment belt,which is earlier than that of magmatic activity,but consistent with the western detachment belt.It can be speculated that the western detachment belt was the original detachment belt of Lushan metamorphic core complex,while the eastern detachment belt was the secondary detachment belt formed by gravitational equilibrium with diapirism and folding.
Lushan metamorphic core complex can be divided into eastern and western extensionally-symmetrical detachment tectonic belts,with well-developed extension-detachment and ductile rheology structures.The western detachment belt contains one complete sequence of faulting rocks,with a solid rheological structure zone at top.The vertical stratification of an extensional structural deformation,bounded by the main detachment belt,suggests that the main detachment belt underwent the strongest deformation.Within the eastern detachment belt are developed mylonite zone and tectonic schist(gneiss)zone,and no other structures have been found on the surface.The extensional structure within the eastern detachment belt was developed on the early sinistral shear structures which were superimposed and modified.The formation temperatures of the eastern detachment belt were estimated 500～580℃ and 580～700℃ based on microscopic deformation characteristics of minerals,and the metamorphic temperature calculated by Tiin-biotite geothermometer was 613～698℃.This reveals that the metamorphism of the eastern detachment belt reached the high amphibolite facies during the formation stage.The metamorphic temperature and pressure of plagioclasite-hornblende schist within the western detachment belt were 666 ～ 691℃,0.65～0.75 GPa respectively,calculated by amphibole-plagioclase geothermometer and Al-in-hornblende barometer.It shows that the western detachment belt formed under the high P-T conditions and large burial depth.The condition of high amphibolite facies is consistent with the eastern detachment belt.Zircon U-Pb dating yielded an extension age of 138.9 Ma for the eastern detachment belt,which is earlier than that of magmatic activity,but consistent with the western detachment belt.It can be speculated that the western detachment belt was the original detachment belt of Lushan metamorphic core complex,while the eastern detachment belt was the secondary detachment belt formed by gravitational equilibrium with diapirism and folding.
引文
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Coney P J.1980.Cordilleran metamorphic core complex:An overview.Mem.Geol.Soc.Am.,153:7~31.
Coney P J,Harms T A.1984.Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes:Cenozoic extensional relics of Mesozoic compression.Geology,12:550~554.
Crittenden M D.1980.Metamorphic core complexes of the North American Cordillera:Summary.Mem.Geol.Soc.Am.,153:485~490.
Cui Xuejun,Zeng Zuoxun.2002.New understanding of Lushan metamorphic core complex’s formation.Geological Science and Technology Information,21(3):23(in Chinese with English abstract).
Davis G A,Zheng Yadong.2002.Metamorphic core complexes:Definition,types and tectonic setting.Geological Bulletin of China,21(4~5):185~192(in Chinese with English abstract).
Davis G H,Coney P J.1979.Geologic development of the Cordilleran metamorphic core complex.Geology,7:120~124.
Dong Shuwen,Xue Huaimin,Xiang Xinkui,Ma Licheng.2010.The discovery of Neoproterozoic pillow lava in spiliteceratophyre of Lushan area,northern Jiangxi Province,and its geological significance.Geology of China,37(4):1021~1033(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gilder S A,Coe R S,Wu Haoruo,Kuang Guodun,Zhao Xixi,Wu Qi,Tang Xianzan.1993.Cretaceous and Tertiary paleomagnetic results from Southeast China and their tectonic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,117(3~4):637~652.
Holland T J B,Blundy J D.1994.Non-ideal interactions in calcic amphiboles and their bearing on amphibole-plagioclase thermometry.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,116:433~447.
Hoskin P W O,Schaltegger U.2003.The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis.Mineralogical Society of America,53(1):27~62.
Lafrance B,John B E,Frost B R.1998.Ultra high-temperature and subsolidus shear zones:Examples from the Poe Mountain anorthosite,Wyoming.J.Struct.Geol.,20:945~955.
Li Naizhi,Yu Zaiping,Cui Haifeng,Feng Shixin.2006.A review on the characteristics and the genesis of metamorphic core complexes.Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),36(5):793~798(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Wuxian,Zhou Xinmin,Li Xianhua,Xie Guogang,Li Junhui.2001.Zircon U-Pb dating of pegmatite from Xingzi metamorphic core complex of Lushan mountain and its geological implication.Earth Science,26(5):491~495(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Xianhua.2000.Cretaceous magmatism and lithospheric extension in Southeast China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,18:293~305.
Li Xuegang,Yang Kunguang,Zhu Qingbo.2010.Zircon LA-ICP-MS,U-Pb dating of granitic intrusion in the core of Lushan metamorphic core complex and its geological significance.J.Mineral.Petrol.,30(4):36~42(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Zhonglan,Cui Xuejun,Wang Ran,Xia Bin,Xu Lifeng,Yang Weiran,Zeng Zuoxun,Jian Ping.2007.Relationship between the Cenozoic tectono-magmatic events in Xingzi area,Lushan and the multiphase activities of Ganjiang fault zone.Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(4):839~848(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lin Wei,Faure M,MoniéP,Schrer U,Zhang Liangsheng,Sun Yan.2000.Tectonics of SE China:New insights from the Lushan massif(Jiangxi Province).Tectonics,19(5):852~871.
Lister G S,Davis G A.1989.The origin of metamorphic core complex and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region,USA.Journal of Structural Geology,11:65~94.
Liu Yongsheng,Gao Shan,Hu Zhaochu,Gao Changgui,Zong Keqing,Wang Dongbing.2010a.Continental and oceanic crust recycling-induced melt-peridotite interactions in the Trans-North China Orogen:U-Pb dating,Hf isotopes and trace elements in zircons from mantle xenoliths.Journal of Petrology,51(1~2):537~571.
Liu Yongsheng,Hu Zhaochu,Zong Keqing,Gao Changgui,Gao Shan,Xu Juan,Chen Haihong.2010b.Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS.Chinese Science Bulletin,55(15):1535~1546.
Ma Changxin,Xiang Xinkui.1999.The diapire extanding orogeny of Yanshan granitic magma in north Jiangxi.Journal of East China Geological Institute,22(1):6~16(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mancktelow N S,Pennacchioni G.2004.The influence of grain boundary fluids on the microstructure of quartz-feldspar mylonites.J.Struct.Geol.,26:47~69.
Mao Jianren,Ye Haimin,Li Zilong,Zhao Xilin,Liu Kai,Li Jiyu,Takahashi Y,Kee W S.2013.Mesozoic magmatic activities in South China:Retrospect and prospect.Acta Geologica Sinica,87(z1):137~138(in Chinese without English abstract).
Passchier C W,Trouw R A J.2005.Microtectonics.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,40~43.
Rosenberg C L.2003.Deformation and recrystallization of plagioclase along a temperature Gradient:An example from the Bergell tonalite.J.Struct.Geol.,25:389~408.
Schmidt M W.1992.Amphibole composition in tonalite as a function of pressure:An experimental calibration of the Al-inhornblende barometer.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,110:304~310.
Shen Xiaoming,Zhang Haixiang,Zhang Boyou.2008.Apreliminary study of relationship between metamorphic core complexes and lithospheric thinning over the Mesozoic in south China.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,32(1):11~19(in Chinese with English abstract).
Song Honglin.1995.An overview of metamorphic core complexescharacteristics and origin.Earth Science Frontiers,2(1~2):103~111(in Chinese with English abstract).
Song Honglin.2002.Some characteristics of metamorphic core complexes.Geological Bulletin of China,21(4~5):193~197(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wernicke B.1985.Uniform-sense normal simple shear of the continental lithosphere.Canadian J.Earth Sciences,22:108~125.
Wu Chunming,Chen Hongxu.2015.Revised Ti-in-biotite geothermometer for ilmenite-or rutile-bearing crustal metapelites.Science Bulletin,60:116~121.
Wu Yuanbao,Zheng Yongfei.2004.Genesis of zircon and its constraints on interpretation of U-Pb age.Chinese Science Bulletin,49(16):1589~1602(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiang Biwei,Zhu Guang,Wang Yongsheng,Xie Chenglong,Hu Zhaoqi.2007.Mineral deformation thermometer for mylonitization.Advances in Earth Science,22(2):126~135(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiang Xinkui,Xu Jianhua,Xu Koulong.1993.Characteristics of metamorphic core complexes of Xingzi group and its geological significance.Mineral Resources and Geology,7(6):401~407(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiang Xinkui,Xu Jianhua,Ma Changxin.1994.Preliminary study on the structure of the metamorphic nucleus complex in Lushan.Journal of East China Geological Institute,17(1):11~17(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin Guosheng,Xie Guogang.1996.Extensional structure and the Xingzi metamorphic core complex in the Lushan area.Jiangxi.Regional Geology of China,8(1):17~26(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Haixiang,Zhu Bingquan,Tu Xianglin,Sun Dazhong.1999.Single-grain zircon U-Pb dating of the Haihui granite in“Xingzi metamorphic core complex”,Lushan,and its tectonic significance.Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,19(3):69~72(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Jinjiang,Zheng Yadong.1998.Review on the relationship between the formation of metamorphic core complex and the magmatism.Geological Science and Technology Information,17(1):19~25(in Chinese with English abstract).
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