基于参数辨识的波浪发电场等效建模研究
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摘要
提出了基于参数辨识的波浪发电场等效建模策略,将波浪发电场等效为单机模型。以阿基米德波浪摆(AWS)发电场内某一测点的实测波浪力作为输入,整个发电场稳态有功功率作为输出,采用粒子群算法(PSO)辨识单机等效模型中驱动系统的等效参数。在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了计及尾流和时滞的AWS波浪发电场详细模型,并利用多组实测波浪数据对等效建模策略进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,在不同实测数据下辨识得到的等效模型驱动参数相差不大,参数辨识结果平稳合理;对于某一组实测数据下辨识得到的等效驱动参数,在不同实测数据下获得的等效模型和详细模型功率曲线均基本一致。
Parameter identification based time domain equivalent modeling method of wave farm is proposed. The wave data measured in any measuring point of the Archimedes wave swing(AWS)-based wave farm and the total output power of the wave farm are used to identify the parameters of the equivalent mechanical model by Particle swarm optimization(PSO). The detailed model of the wave farm considering wake and time-lag effects are built via MATLAB/Simulink. Simulations are performed using multiple sets of measured wave data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the equivalent parameters identified under different measured data are stable and reasonable. For the equivalent model identified by the first set of measured data, the output power of the equivalent model and the detailed model fit well under the other three sets of measured wave data.
Parameter identification based time domain equivalent modeling method of wave farm is proposed. The wave data measured in any measuring point of the Archimedes wave swing(AWS)-based wave farm and the total output power of the wave farm are used to identify the parameters of the equivalent mechanical model by Particle swarm optimization(PSO). The detailed model of the wave farm considering wake and time-lag effects are built via MATLAB/Simulink. Simulations are performed using multiple sets of measured wave data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the equivalent parameters identified under different measured data are stable and reasonable. For the equivalent model identified by the first set of measured data, the output power of the equivalent model and the detailed model fit well under the other three sets of measured wave data.
引文
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[21]王增平,张乐丰.考虑弃风的DFIG风电场动态等值模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(13):1-6.WANG Zengping,ZHANG Lefeng.Dynamic equivalent model of wind farm with DFIG considering wind power curtailment[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(13):1-6.
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[2]肖曦,摆念宗,康庆,等.波浪发电系统发展及直驱式波浪发电系统研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):1-11.XIAO Xi,BAI Nianzong,KANG Qing,et al.A review of the development of wave power system and the research on directdrive wave power system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):1-11.
[3]BROOKING P R M,MUELLER M A.Power conditioning of the output from a linear vernier hybrid permanent magnet generator for use in direct drive wave energy converters[J].Generation,Transmission and Distribution,IEE Proceedings,2005,152(5):673-681.
[4]ROBINSON J,JOOS G.VSC HVDC transmission and offshore grid design for a linear generator based wave farm[C]∥Conference on Electrical&Computer Engineering,2009.
[5]AMON E A,SCHACHER A A,BREKKEN T K A.A novel maximum power point tracking algorithm for ocean wave energy devices[C]∥Energy Conversion Congress&Exposition,2009.
[6]黄磊,胡敏强,余海涛,等.直驱式波浪发电用全超导初级励磁直线发电机的设计与分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):80-86.HUANG Lei,HU Mingqiang,YU Haitao,et al.Design and analysis of a fully-superconducting primary-excitation linear generator for direct-driven wave energy generation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(2):80-86.
[7]LI B,MACPHERSON D E,SHEK J K H.Direct drive wave energy converter control in irregular waves[C]∥Renewable Power Generation.2011.
[8]DE S P M G,GARDNER F,DAMEN M,et al.Modelling and test results of the Archimedes wave swing[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part A:Journal of Power and Energy,2006,220(8):855-868.
[9]WU F,ZHANG X P,JU P,et al.Modeling and control of AWS-based wave energy conversion system integrated into power grid[J].Power Systems,IEEE Transactions on,2008,23(3):1196-1204.
[10]WU F,ZHANG X P,JU P,et al.Optimal control for AWS-based wave energy conversion system[J].Power Systems,IEEE Transactions on,2009,24(4):1747-1755.
[11]WU F,JU P,ZHANG X P,et al.Modeling,control strategy,and power conditioning for direct-drive wave energy conversion to operate with power grid[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013,101(4):925-941.
[12]谭谨,王晓茹,李龙源.含大规模风电的电力系统小扰动稳定研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(3):15-23.TAN Jin,WANG Xiaoru,LI Longyuan.A survey on small signal stability analysis of power systems with wind power integration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(3):15-23.
[13]王钤,潘险险,陈迎,等.基于实测数据的风电场风速-功率模型的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(2):23-27.WANG Qian,PAN Xianxian,CHEN Ying,et al.Study of wind speed-active power model for wind farm based on measured data[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(2):23-27.
[14]刘建平,何江飞.海上风电风机基础初步设计及数值分析[J].浙江电力,2018,37(7):19-25.LIU Jianping,HE Jiangfei.Numerical analysis and preliminary design of offshore wind turbine foundation[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(7):19-25.
[15]秦川,管维亚,鞠平,等.并网AWS波浪发电场等效建模[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(11):25-31QIN Chuan,GUAN Weiya,JU Ping,et al.Equivalent modeling of AWS-based wave farm[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(11):25-31.
[16]霍政界,吴峰,陶爱峰,等.直驱式波浪发电系统输出功率的短期预测[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):13-18.HUO Zhengjie,WU Feng,TAO Aifeng,et al.Short-term prediction on output power of direct-drive wave power generation system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):13-18.
[17]BEELS C,TROCH P,DE B G,et al.Numerical implementation and sensitivity analysis of a wave energy converter in a time-dependent mild-slope equation model[J].Coastal Engineering,2010,57(5):471-492.
[18]BEELS C,TROCH P,DE V K,et al.Application of the timedependent mild-slope equations for the simulation of wake effects in the lee of a farm of Wave Dragon wave energy converters[J].Renewable energy,2010,35(8):1644-1661.
[19]胡杰,余贻鑫.电力系统动态等值参数聚合的实用方法[J].电网技术,2006,34(24):26-30.HU Jie,YU Yixin.A practical method of parameter aggregation for power system dynamic equivalence[J].Power System Technology,2006,34(24):26-30.
[20]刘兴杰,郭栋,王凯龙.基于电气外特性的光伏发电系统模型等效方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(10):231-238.LIU Xingjie,GUO Dong,WANG Kailong.Equivalent modeling method for PV system based on its electric external characteristics[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(10):231-238.
[21]王增平,张乐丰.考虑弃风的DFIG风电场动态等值模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(13):1-6.WANG Zengping,ZHANG Lefeng.Dynamic equivalent model of wind farm with DFIG considering wind power curtailment[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(13):1-6.
[22]IGLESIAS G,CARBALLO R.Wave farm impact:the role of farm-to-coast distance[J].Renewable Energy,2014,69(3):375-385.
[23]LEE J L,LEE J Y,KIM I H.Managing effect of hot spot shoreline behind a power buoy energy farm[J].Journal of Coastal Research,2011:309-316.