直驱式波浪能发电场的布局优化研究
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摘要
文章研究了直驱式波浪能发电场的优化布局问题。将直驱式波浪能发电装置简化为地形,利用Mike21软件计算波浪能发电场内的波浪分布,进而将其作为波浪能发电场电气模型的输入,仿真获得波浪能发电场输出功率。在此基础上,基于波浪的传输特性,对波浪能发电场内各发电装置进行优化布局,以保证发电场的平均输出功率,同时改善功率输出的波动性。得到优化布局方案后,分别在规则波和不规则波两种情况下验证了方案的有效性。
The optimal layout of direct-drive wave farm is studied in this paper. The model of the wave energy converter(WEC) is simplified to the terrain. The wave distribution in the wave farm is calculated by the Mike21 software. Thereby the input of the electrical model of the wave farm can be obtained. Then the output power can be subsequently calculated by simulation. Based on this simulation method, the layout configuration of the wave farm is optimized to mitigate the power fluctuation of the wave farm. Simulations are carried out under both the regular and irregular waves to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
The optimal layout of direct-drive wave farm is studied in this paper. The model of the wave energy converter(WEC) is simplified to the terrain. The wave distribution in the wave farm is calculated by the Mike21 software. Thereby the input of the electrical model of the wave farm can be obtained. Then the output power can be subsequently calculated by simulation. Based on this simulation method, the layout configuration of the wave farm is optimized to mitigate the power fluctuation of the wave farm. Simulations are carried out under both the regular and irregular waves to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
引文
[1]韩芳.我国可再生能源发展现状和前景展望[J].可再生能源,2010,28(4):137-140.[1]Han Fang.Development status and prospect of renewable energy in China[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2010,28(4):137-140.
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[9]肖曦,摆念宗,康庆.直驱式波浪发电系统浮子形状与排布优化研究[J].电工电能新技术,2014(9):7-13.[9]Xiao Xi,Bai Nianzong,Kang Qing.Research on optimizations of buoy shape and array geometry of directdrive wave energy converters[J].Advanced Technology of Electronical Engineering and Energy,2014(9):7-13.
[10]安佰娜.潮流能发电场尾流场数值模拟及其多机组影响规律研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.[10]An Baina.Numerical analysis of the wake and interaction effect analysis for tidal arrays in the tidal farm[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2012.
[11]刘丞.海洋潮流能发电机布局优化策略探索[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.[11]Liu Cheng.Search for optimal ocean tidal current turbines positioning strategy[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013.
[12]Bai L,Spence R R G,Dudziak G.Investigation of the influence of array arrangement and spacing on tidal energy converter(TEC)performance using a 3-dimensional CFD model[A].Proceedings of the 8th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[C].Uppsala:Sweden,2009.654-660.
[13]秦川,管维亚,鞠平,等.并网AWS波浪发电场等效建模[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(11):25-31.[13]Qin Chuan,Guan Weiya,Ju Ping,et al.Equivalent modeling of AWS-based wave farm[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(11):25-31.
[14]De Sousa Prado M G,Gardner F,Damen M,et al.Modelling and test results of the archimedes wave swing[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part A:Journal of Power and Energy,2006,220(8):855-868.
[15]Madsen P A,Murray R,S覬rensen O R.A new form of the Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion characteristics[J].Coastal Engineering,1991,15(4):371-388.
[16]鞠平.可再生能源发电系统的建模与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.[16]Ju Ping.Modelling and Control of Renewable Power Generation Systems[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014.
[17]Wu F,Zhang X P,Ju P,et al.Modeling and control of AWS-based wave energy conversion system integrated into power grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2008,2(3):1196-1204.
[18]Wu F,Zhang X P,Ju P,et al.Optimal control for AWSbased wave energy conversion system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(4):1747-1755.
[19]Wu F,Ju P,Zhang X P,et al.Modeling,control strategy,and power conditioning for direct-drive wave energy conversion to operate with power grid[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013,101(4):925-941.
[20]秦川,鞠平,闻丹银,等.近海可再生能源综合发电的系统构建与并网方式[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(13):2013-2021.[20]Qin Chuan,Ju Ping,Wen Danyin,et al.Hybrid offshore wind,wave and tidal turbine energy conversion system:Structure and electrical interface[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(13):2013-2021.
[21]霍政界,吴峰,陶爱峰,等.直驱式波浪发电系统输出功率的短期预测[J].电力系统自动化,2014(21):13-18.[21]Huo Zhengjie,Wu Feng,Tao Aifeng,et al.Short-term prediction on output power of direct-drive wave power generation system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014(21):13-18.
[2]肖曦,摆念宗,康庆,等.波浪发电系统发展及直驱式波浪发电系统研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):1-11.[2]Xiao Xi,Bai Nianzong,Kang Qing,et al.A review of the development of wave power system and the research on direct-drive wave power system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):1-11.
[3]Beels C,Troch P,De Backer G,et al.Numerical implementation and sensitivity analysis of a wave energy converter in a time-dependent mild-slope equation model[J].Coastal Engineering,2010,57(5):471-492.
[4]Fernandez H,Iglesias G,Carballo R,et al.The new wave energy converter wavecat:Concept and laboratory tests[J].Marine Structures,2012,29(1):58-70.
[5]Iglesias G,Carballo R.Wave farm im pact:The role of farm-to-coast distance[J].Renewable Energy,2014,69(3):375-385.
[6]吴峰,张小平,鞠平.电池储能在直接驱动式波浪能发电场并网运行中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(14):31-36.[6]Wu Feng,Zhang Xiaoping,Ju Ping.Application of battery energy storage in the direct-drive wave energy conversion farm integrated into power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power systems,2010,34(14):31-36.
[7]李凯,吴峰,秦川,等.直驱式波浪发电系统的输出功率平滑控制策略[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2014,26(3):20-25.[7]Li Kai,Wu Feng,Qin Chuan,et al.Output power smoothing control of direct-drive wave energy conversion system[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2014,26(3):20-25.
[8]黄晓东,郝木凯,陆志刚,等.微网系统中电池储能系统应用技术研究[J].可再生能源,2012,30(1):38-41.[8]Huang Xiaodong,Hao Mukai,Lu Zhigang,et al.Application of battery energy storage system in microgrid[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2012,30(1):38-41.
[9]肖曦,摆念宗,康庆.直驱式波浪发电系统浮子形状与排布优化研究[J].电工电能新技术,2014(9):7-13.[9]Xiao Xi,Bai Nianzong,Kang Qing.Research on optimizations of buoy shape and array geometry of directdrive wave energy converters[J].Advanced Technology of Electronical Engineering and Energy,2014(9):7-13.
[10]安佰娜.潮流能发电场尾流场数值模拟及其多机组影响规律研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.[10]An Baina.Numerical analysis of the wake and interaction effect analysis for tidal arrays in the tidal farm[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2012.
[11]刘丞.海洋潮流能发电机布局优化策略探索[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.[11]Liu Cheng.Search for optimal ocean tidal current turbines positioning strategy[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013.
[12]Bai L,Spence R R G,Dudziak G.Investigation of the influence of array arrangement and spacing on tidal energy converter(TEC)performance using a 3-dimensional CFD model[A].Proceedings of the 8th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[C].Uppsala:Sweden,2009.654-660.
[13]秦川,管维亚,鞠平,等.并网AWS波浪发电场等效建模[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(11):25-31.[13]Qin Chuan,Guan Weiya,Ju Ping,et al.Equivalent modeling of AWS-based wave farm[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(11):25-31.
[14]De Sousa Prado M G,Gardner F,Damen M,et al.Modelling and test results of the archimedes wave swing[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part A:Journal of Power and Energy,2006,220(8):855-868.
[15]Madsen P A,Murray R,S覬rensen O R.A new form of the Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion characteristics[J].Coastal Engineering,1991,15(4):371-388.
[16]鞠平.可再生能源发电系统的建模与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.[16]Ju Ping.Modelling and Control of Renewable Power Generation Systems[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014.
[17]Wu F,Zhang X P,Ju P,et al.Modeling and control of AWS-based wave energy conversion system integrated into power grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2008,2(3):1196-1204.
[18]Wu F,Zhang X P,Ju P,et al.Optimal control for AWSbased wave energy conversion system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(4):1747-1755.
[19]Wu F,Ju P,Zhang X P,et al.Modeling,control strategy,and power conditioning for direct-drive wave energy conversion to operate with power grid[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013,101(4):925-941.
[20]秦川,鞠平,闻丹银,等.近海可再生能源综合发电的系统构建与并网方式[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(13):2013-2021.[20]Qin Chuan,Ju Ping,Wen Danyin,et al.Hybrid offshore wind,wave and tidal turbine energy conversion system:Structure and electrical interface[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(13):2013-2021.
[21]霍政界,吴峰,陶爱峰,等.直驱式波浪发电系统输出功率的短期预测[J].电力系统自动化,2014(21):13-18.[21]Huo Zhengjie,Wu Feng,Tao Aifeng,et al.Short-term prediction on output power of direct-drive wave power generation system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014(21):13-18.