船用大型球墨铸铁件典型缺陷的影响因素研究
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摘要
针对船用大型球墨铸铁件缩松、石墨漂浮、碎块状石墨等典型缺陷,设计了几种不同CE的铁液进行阶梯试样的浇注试验,试验表明:当CE为4.01%～4.42%时,试样中既没有缩松也没有石墨漂浮,加入适量Sb后,可有效防止碎块状石墨;配合使用冷铁,石墨球的圆整度和数量均有显著提高,石墨大小也由4～5级提高到6级。根据试验获得的数据,对球墨铸铁件的熔炼工艺进行了优化后,浇注的5件机身铸件,经理化和无损探伤检验,各项性能和质量指标均满足技术要求。
For the typical defects of large-scale nodular iron castings for ship,such as shrinkage,carbon flotation and broken graphite,several different CE iron liquids were designed to carry out the step block for pouring test. The test showed that when CE was between 4.01% ～4.42%,the sample had neither shrinkage nor graphite floating. After adding an appropriate amount of Sb,it could effectively prevent the broken graphite. With the use of cold iron,the roundness and quantity of the graphite ball were significouldtly improved,and the graphite size was also increased from level 4～5 to level 6. According to the data obtained from the test,after the smelting process of the nodular iron castings was optimized,5 pieces of castings' performance and quality indicators meet the technical requirements in metallographic and nondestructive testing.
For the typical defects of large-scale nodular iron castings for ship,such as shrinkage,carbon flotation and broken graphite,several different CE iron liquids were designed to carry out the step block for pouring test. The test showed that when CE was between 4.01% ～4.42%,the sample had neither shrinkage nor graphite floating. After adding an appropriate amount of Sb,it could effectively prevent the broken graphite. With the use of cold iron,the roundness and quantity of the graphite ball were significouldtly improved,and the graphite size was also increased from level 4～5 to level 6. According to the data obtained from the test,after the smelting process of the nodular iron castings was optimized,5 pieces of castings' performance and quality indicators meet the technical requirements in metallographic and nondestructive testing.
引文
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