电磁轨道发射器数值模拟与速度测量
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摘要
为研究电磁轨道发射器电磁场、温度场特性并且预测发射器性能,建立电磁轨道发射器计算模型,针对矩形电枢普通发射器、C形电枢普通发射器和增强型发射器,采用有限元方法进行求解得到电磁场、温度场和电枢运动过程,并讨论了电枢快速运动产生的速度趋肤效应和发射器结构对磁通密度、电流密度、温度和出口速度的影响。使用增强型电磁轨道发射器进行发射试验,利用高速相机测量电枢出口速度,与数值模拟结果进行对比,验证了计算模型的准确性。
An electromagnetic launcher mathematical model was established for the purposes of studying the characteristics of electromagnetic field and temperature field of the electromagnetic launcher and predicting the performance of the electromagnetic launcher. The finite element method was used to solve the electromagnetic field, the temperature field and the armature movement process of the rectangular armature electromagnetic launcher, the C-shaped armature electromagnetic launcher and the augmented electromagnetic launcher, with the velocity skin effect caused by fast moving armature and the influence of launcher's structure on magnetic field intensity, current density, temperature and muzzle velocity discussed. The augmented electromagnetic rail launcher was used in the launch experiment. Experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation results, with the accuracy of the calculation model verified.
An electromagnetic launcher mathematical model was established for the purposes of studying the characteristics of electromagnetic field and temperature field of the electromagnetic launcher and predicting the performance of the electromagnetic launcher. The finite element method was used to solve the electromagnetic field, the temperature field and the armature movement process of the rectangular armature electromagnetic launcher, the C-shaped armature electromagnetic launcher and the augmented electromagnetic launcher, with the velocity skin effect caused by fast moving armature and the influence of launcher's structure on magnetic field intensity, current density, temperature and muzzle velocity discussed. The augmented electromagnetic rail launcher was used in the launch experiment. Experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation results, with the accuracy of the calculation model verified.
引文
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[14] 殷强,张合,李豪杰,等.静止条件下轨道炮膛内磁场分布特性分析[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(2):174-179.
[15] KERRISK J F.Current distribution and inductance calculations for rail-gun conductors[J].Nasa Sti/recon Technical Report N,1981,82.
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[17] 刘旭堃,于歆杰,刘秀成.电容储能型脉冲电源分时分段触发策略自动计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(11):186-193.
[18] 刘旭堃,于歆杰,刘秀成,等.电磁轨道炮运行阶段系统发射效率和电枢出膛动能研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(3):210-217.
[19] LIU Xukun,YU Xinjie,LIU Xiucheng.Performance analysis and parameter optimization of CPPS-based electromagnetic railgun system[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(3):281-288.
[20] HSIEH K T,KIM B K.One kind of scaling relations on electromechanical systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2002,33(1):240-244.
[2] 李伟波,曹延杰,朱良明.舰载导弹电磁垂直发射系统仿真研究[J].兵工自动化,2015,34(9):18-21.
[3] 欧阳立新,韩玉启.电发射技术应用于舰炮的分析[J].弹道学报,2008,20(2):85-87.
[4] GALLANT J,VANCAEYZEELE T,LAUWENS B,et al.Design considerations for an electromagnetic railgun firing intelligent bursts to be used against anti-ship missiles[C]∥International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology.San Diego:IEEE,2014:1-6.
[5] 乔志明,雷彬,吕庆敖,等.电磁轨道炮系统建模与分析[J].火力与指挥控制,2017,42(4):67-70.
[6] LI Jun,CAO Ronggang,LI Shizhong.The development of EML technology in China[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2013,41(5):1029-1033.
[7] BAYATI M S,KESHTKAR A.Study of the current distribution,magnetic field,and inductance gradient of rectangular and circular railguns[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2013,41(5):1376-1381.
[8] LI D,XU R,YAN P,et al.Thermal analysis of insulators in electromagnetic launcher system[C]//Properties and App-lications of Dielectric Materials.IEEE,2015:780-783.
[9] 林庆华,栗保明.电磁轨道炮瞬态磁场测量与数值模拟[J].兵工学报,2016,37(10):1788-1794.
[10] 殷强,张合,李豪杰.动态条件下电磁轨道炮膛内磁场和电场分析 [J].兵工学报,2017,38(6):1059-1066.
[11] 李豪杰,汤铃铃,李峰.电磁轨道炮膛内强磁场屏蔽与优化方法[J].探测与控制学报,2016,38(6):7-14.
[12] PANG Zhanzhong,WANG Housheng,WANG Hui,et al.Analysis of current and magnetic field distributions in rail launcher with peaceman-rachford finite-difference method[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2012,40(10):2717-2722.(in Chinese)
[13] 汤铃铃,李豪杰.电磁轨道炮膛内磁场环境仿真分析[J].计算机仿真,2014,31(11):1-5.
[14] 殷强,张合,李豪杰,等.静止条件下轨道炮膛内磁场分布特性分析[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(2):174-179.
[15] KERRISK J F.Current distribution and inductance calculations for rail-gun conductors[J].Nasa Sti/recon Technical Report N,1981,82.
[16] STANKEVI T,SCHNEIDER M,BALEVIIUS S.Magnetic diffusion inside the rails of an electromagnetic launcher:experimental and numerical studies[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2013,41(10):2790-2795.
[17] 刘旭堃,于歆杰,刘秀成.电容储能型脉冲电源分时分段触发策略自动计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(11):186-193.
[18] 刘旭堃,于歆杰,刘秀成,等.电磁轨道炮运行阶段系统发射效率和电枢出膛动能研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(3):210-217.
[19] LIU Xukun,YU Xinjie,LIU Xiucheng.Performance analysis and parameter optimization of CPPS-based electromagnetic railgun system[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(3):281-288.
[20] HSIEH K T,KIM B K.One kind of scaling relations on electromechanical systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2002,33(1):240-244.