山东省植被NPP时空分布特征及驱动因素分析
|
摘要
为了解区域生态系统植被生产力的分布规律及其变化对区域生态调控的作用,该研究基于MOD17A3的年NPP数据,采用一元线性回归分析法和Pearson相关系数法等,分析了2000—2014年山东省植被NPP的时空格局变化特征及其气候、人为等因素对其的影响。结果表明:(1) 2000—2014年,山东省植被NPP总体呈上升趋势,年均值为442 gC·m~(-2)·a~(-1),年总量平均值为63.16 TgC。山东省植被NPP空间分布具有明显的分异特征,其中年均NPP 300～400 gC·m~(-2)·a~(-1)的面积最大,占总面积的52.28%,分布于山东省西部的绝大部分区域。(2)山东省植被NPP年增加速率平均值为3.29 gC·m-2·a~(-1),增加区域占山东省植被总面积的92.63%。其中,极显著增加区域占山东省总面积的16.56%,主要分布在烟台市、青岛市、日照市、临沂市、潍坊市、东营市和滨州市;显著减少和极显著减少的区域占山东省总面积的1.33%,零星分布在山东省东南部和北部黄河三角洲地区。(3)植被NPP受气候变化和人类活动等因素的共同影响,气候因素中降雨的影响最大,城市化随着人类活动的频繁逐渐成为植被NPP变化的重要驱动力。
In order to understand the distribution law of regional ecosystem vegetation productivity and its effect on regional ecological regulation,based on the annual net primary productivity( NPP) data of MOD17 A3,the method of univariate linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient,etc.,were used to analyze spatial and temporal patterns of NPP of vegetation ecosystem in Shandong Province during the past fifteen years from 2000 to 2014 and the effects of climate and human factors. The results were as follows:( 1) The average NPP of vegetation in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2014 was 442 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),and the total average annual NPP was 63.16 T g C. The vegetation NPP of Shandong Province showed obvious spatial differentiation characteristics,among which the vegetation area of the average NPP 300-400 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1) was the largest,accounting for 52.28% of the total area,distributed in most of the western part of Shandong Province.( 2) The average annual growth rate of NPP in Shandong Province was 3.29 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),and the increased area accounting for 92.63% of the total vegetation area in Shandong Province. Among them,the area of extremely significant increase accounted for 16. 56% of the total area of Shandong Province,mainly distributed in Yantai,Qingdao,Rizhao,Linyi,Weifang,Dongying and Binzhou cities; The regions with significant decrease and extremely significant decrease accounted for 1.33% of the total area of Shandong Province,and were scattered in the Southeast of Shandong Province and the northern Yellow River delta region.( 3) The vegetation NPP was affected by the combined effect of factors such as climate change and human activities. Among climatic factors,the rainfall has the greatest influence. Urbanization gradually becomes an important driving force for vegetation NPP changes with the frequent human activities.
In order to understand the distribution law of regional ecosystem vegetation productivity and its effect on regional ecological regulation,based on the annual net primary productivity( NPP) data of MOD17 A3,the method of univariate linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient,etc.,were used to analyze spatial and temporal patterns of NPP of vegetation ecosystem in Shandong Province during the past fifteen years from 2000 to 2014 and the effects of climate and human factors. The results were as follows:( 1) The average NPP of vegetation in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2014 was 442 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),and the total average annual NPP was 63.16 T g C. The vegetation NPP of Shandong Province showed obvious spatial differentiation characteristics,among which the vegetation area of the average NPP 300-400 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1) was the largest,accounting for 52.28% of the total area,distributed in most of the western part of Shandong Province.( 2) The average annual growth rate of NPP in Shandong Province was 3.29 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),and the increased area accounting for 92.63% of the total vegetation area in Shandong Province. Among them,the area of extremely significant increase accounted for 16. 56% of the total area of Shandong Province,mainly distributed in Yantai,Qingdao,Rizhao,Linyi,Weifang,Dongying and Binzhou cities; The regions with significant decrease and extremely significant decrease accounted for 1.33% of the total area of Shandong Province,and were scattered in the Southeast of Shandong Province and the northern Yellow River delta region.( 3) The vegetation NPP was affected by the combined effect of factors such as climate change and human activities. Among climatic factors,the rainfall has the greatest influence. Urbanization gradually becomes an important driving force for vegetation NPP changes with the frequent human activities.
引文
CHEN CX,XU ZX,WANG ZH,et al.,2014.Temporalspatial change simulation and analysis of net primary productivity in Northeast China from 2001 to 2010[J].Resour Sci,36(11):2401-2412.[程春晓,徐宗学,王志慧,等,2014.2001-2010年东北三省植被净初级生产力模拟与时空变化分析[J].资源科学,36(11):2401-2412.]
CHEN YH,LI XB,SHI PJ,2001.Variation in NDVI driven by climate factors across China,1983-1992[J].Chin J Plant Ecol,25(6):716-720.[陈云浩,李晓兵,史培军,2001.1983-1992年中国陆地NDVI变化的气候因子驱动分析[J].植物生态学报,25(6):716-720.]
CHEN YY,CHEN W,WU W,et al.,2015.Temporal and spatial variation of vegetation NPP and its response to climate factors in southern China[J].J Yangzhou Univ(Agric Life Sci),36(3):104-110.[陈瑛瑛,陈雯,武威,等,2015.中国南方植被NPP时空变化及其对气候因子的响应[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),36(3):104-110.]
CRAMER W,KICKLIGHTER DW,BONDEAU A,et al.,1999.Composing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity(NPP):Overview and key results[J].Global Change Biol,5(Suppl.1):1-15.
CUI LL,DU HQ,SHI J,et al.,2016.Spatial and temporal pattern of vegetation NPP and its relationship with climate in the Southeastern China[J].Sci Geogr Sin,36(5):787-793.[崔林丽,杜华强,史军,等,2016.中国东南部植被NPP的时空格局变化及其与气候的关系研究[J].地理科学,36(5):787-793.]
FIELD CB,BEHRENFELD MJ,RANDERSON JT,et al.,1998.Primary production of the biosphere:Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components[J].Science,281(5374):237-240.
GAO YH,ZHOU X,WANG Q,et al.,2013.Vegetation net primary productivity and its response to climate change during 2001-2008 in the Tibetan Plateau[J].Sci Total Environ,444(1):356-362.
GAO ZQ,LIU JY,CAO MK,et al.,2004.Impacts of land use and climate change on regional net primary productivity[J].J Geogr Sci,59(4):581-591.[高志强,刘纪远,曹明奎,等,2004.土地利用和气候变化对区域净初级生产力的影响[J].地理学报,59(4):581-591.]
GUO ZX,WANG ZM,LIU DW,et al.,2009.Analysis of temporal and spatial features of farmland productivity in the Sanjiang Plain[J].Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,25(1):249-254.[国志兴,王宗明,刘殿伟,等,2009.三江平原农田生产力时空特征分析[J].农业工程学报,25(1):249-254.]
HE YX,YI GH,ZHANG TB,et al.,2018.The EVI trends and driving factors in Red River Basin affected by the“corridorbarrier”function during 2000-2014[J].Acta Ecol Sin,38(6):2056-2064.[何奕萱,易桂花,张廷斌,等,2018.红河流域“通道-阻隔”作用下2000-2014年植被EVI变化趋势与驱动力[J].生态学报,38(6):2056-2064.]
LI DK,WANG Z,2018.The characteristics of NPP of terrestrial vegetation in China based on MOD17A3 data[J].Ecol Environ Sci,27(3):397-405.[李登科,王钊,2018.基于MOD17A3的中国陆地植被NPP变化特征分析[J].生态环境学报,27(3):397-405.]
LIU Y,2017.The pattern of plant diversity and primary productivity of lakeshore in Nansi Lake[C].Jinan:Shandong University:1-64.[刘颖,2017.南四湖湖滨带植物多样性格局及初级生产力[C].济南:山东大学:1-64.]
NIU ZE,YAN HM,CHEN JQ,et al.,2016.Comparison of crop gross primary productivity estimated with VPM model and MOD17 product in field ecosystem of China[J].Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,32(4):191-198.[牛忠恩,闫慧敏,陈静清,等,2016.基于VPM与MOD17产品的中国农田生态系统总初级生产力估算比较[J].农业工程学报,32(4):191-198.]
PAN JH,LI Z,2015.Temporal-spatial change of vegetation net primary productivity in the arid region of Northwest China during 2001 and 2012[J].Chin J Ecol,34(12):3333-3340.[潘竟虎,李真,2015.2001-2012年西北干旱区植被净初级生产力时空变化[J].生态学杂志,34(12):3333-3340.]
RASMUS F,INGE S,MICHAEL SR,et al.,2006.Evaluation of satellite based primary production modelling in the semiarid Sahel[J].Remote Sensing Environ,105(3):173-188.
SU BY,ZHANG L,CHEN SB,et al.,2010.The spatial and temporal patterns of net primary productivity and its impact factors in regional agro-ecosystem:A case study in Shandong Province[J].Ecol Environ Sci,19(9):2036-2041.[苏本营,张璐,陈圣宾,等,2010.区域农田生态系统生产力的时空格局及其影响因子研究-以山东省为例[J].生态环境学报,19(9):2036-2041.]
WANG F,WANG Z,ZHANG Y,2018.Spatio-temporal variations in vegetation net primary productivity and their driving factors in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2015[J].Acta Ecol Sin,38(8):2754-2767.[王芳,汪左,张运,2018.2000-2015年安徽省植被净初级生产力时空分布特征及其驱动因素[J].生态学报,38(8):2754-2767.]
WANG ZH,REN JT,DAI HY,et al.,2018.Temporal-spatial variation of Vegetation Productivity in Guizhou:A case study in Weining County[J].Environ Sci Technol,41(9):200-205.[王志红,任金铜,戴华阳,等,2018.贵州植被生产力时空变化分析:以威宁县为例[J].环境科与技术,41(9):200-205.]
WEI HJ,ZHANG YF,ZHU N,et al.,2014.Temporal-spatial changes of farmland productivity in Henan Province using MODIS data[J].Sci Surv Mapp,39(11):67-71.[位贺杰,张艳芳,朱妮,等,2014.河南农田生产力时空变化的遥感分析[J].测绘科学,39(11):67-71.]
YANG XX,LI YH,LI CY,et al.,2003.Weather forecast techonology research for guidance in Shandong Province[J].Meteorology,29(11):3-7.[杨晓霞,李玉华,李昌义,等,2003.山东省天气预报逐级指导技术研究[J].气象,29(11):3-7.]
ZHANG J,PAN XL,2010.Spatial pattern and seasonal dynamics of net primary productivity in mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem on the north piedmont of Tianshan Mountains in arid north-west China[J].Arid Land Geogr,33(1):78-86.[张杰,潘晓玲,2010.天山北麓山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统净初级生产力空间分布格局及其季节变化[J].干旱区地理,33(1):78-86.]
ZHANG KX,SUN CW,2009.Sensitivity experiment for the impact of mountainous topographic of middle Shandong Province to regional climate[J].Chin J Agrometeorol,30(4):496-500+508.[张可欣,孙成武,2009.鲁中山区地形对山东区域气候影响的敏感性试验[J].中国农业气象,30(4):496-500+508.]
ZHANG SP,CHEN XC,SU CB,et al.,2004.Analysis of severe drought in Shandong Province in 2002[J].Hydrology,24(3):42-45.[张胜平,陈希村,苏传宝,等,2004.2002年山东省严重干旱分析[J].水文,24(3):42-45.]
ZHONG XC,CHEN W,LIU T,et al.,2016.Spatial and temporal change of vegetation Net Primary Productivity and its relationship with climate from 2001 to 2010 in China[J].Chin J Agric Resour Reg Plann,37(9):16-22.[仲晓春,陈雯,刘涛,等,2016.2001-2010年中国植被NPP的时空变化及其与气候的关系[J].中国农业资源与区划,37(9):16-22.]
CHEN YH,LI XB,SHI PJ,2001.Variation in NDVI driven by climate factors across China,1983-1992[J].Chin J Plant Ecol,25(6):716-720.[陈云浩,李晓兵,史培军,2001.1983-1992年中国陆地NDVI变化的气候因子驱动分析[J].植物生态学报,25(6):716-720.]
CHEN YY,CHEN W,WU W,et al.,2015.Temporal and spatial variation of vegetation NPP and its response to climate factors in southern China[J].J Yangzhou Univ(Agric Life Sci),36(3):104-110.[陈瑛瑛,陈雯,武威,等,2015.中国南方植被NPP时空变化及其对气候因子的响应[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),36(3):104-110.]
CRAMER W,KICKLIGHTER DW,BONDEAU A,et al.,1999.Composing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity(NPP):Overview and key results[J].Global Change Biol,5(Suppl.1):1-15.
CUI LL,DU HQ,SHI J,et al.,2016.Spatial and temporal pattern of vegetation NPP and its relationship with climate in the Southeastern China[J].Sci Geogr Sin,36(5):787-793.[崔林丽,杜华强,史军,等,2016.中国东南部植被NPP的时空格局变化及其与气候的关系研究[J].地理科学,36(5):787-793.]
FIELD CB,BEHRENFELD MJ,RANDERSON JT,et al.,1998.Primary production of the biosphere:Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components[J].Science,281(5374):237-240.
GAO YH,ZHOU X,WANG Q,et al.,2013.Vegetation net primary productivity and its response to climate change during 2001-2008 in the Tibetan Plateau[J].Sci Total Environ,444(1):356-362.
GAO ZQ,LIU JY,CAO MK,et al.,2004.Impacts of land use and climate change on regional net primary productivity[J].J Geogr Sci,59(4):581-591.[高志强,刘纪远,曹明奎,等,2004.土地利用和气候变化对区域净初级生产力的影响[J].地理学报,59(4):581-591.]
GUO ZX,WANG ZM,LIU DW,et al.,2009.Analysis of temporal and spatial features of farmland productivity in the Sanjiang Plain[J].Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,25(1):249-254.[国志兴,王宗明,刘殿伟,等,2009.三江平原农田生产力时空特征分析[J].农业工程学报,25(1):249-254.]
HE YX,YI GH,ZHANG TB,et al.,2018.The EVI trends and driving factors in Red River Basin affected by the“corridorbarrier”function during 2000-2014[J].Acta Ecol Sin,38(6):2056-2064.[何奕萱,易桂花,张廷斌,等,2018.红河流域“通道-阻隔”作用下2000-2014年植被EVI变化趋势与驱动力[J].生态学报,38(6):2056-2064.]
LI DK,WANG Z,2018.The characteristics of NPP of terrestrial vegetation in China based on MOD17A3 data[J].Ecol Environ Sci,27(3):397-405.[李登科,王钊,2018.基于MOD17A3的中国陆地植被NPP变化特征分析[J].生态环境学报,27(3):397-405.]
LIU Y,2017.The pattern of plant diversity and primary productivity of lakeshore in Nansi Lake[C].Jinan:Shandong University:1-64.[刘颖,2017.南四湖湖滨带植物多样性格局及初级生产力[C].济南:山东大学:1-64.]
NIU ZE,YAN HM,CHEN JQ,et al.,2016.Comparison of crop gross primary productivity estimated with VPM model and MOD17 product in field ecosystem of China[J].Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,32(4):191-198.[牛忠恩,闫慧敏,陈静清,等,2016.基于VPM与MOD17产品的中国农田生态系统总初级生产力估算比较[J].农业工程学报,32(4):191-198.]
PAN JH,LI Z,2015.Temporal-spatial change of vegetation net primary productivity in the arid region of Northwest China during 2001 and 2012[J].Chin J Ecol,34(12):3333-3340.[潘竟虎,李真,2015.2001-2012年西北干旱区植被净初级生产力时空变化[J].生态学杂志,34(12):3333-3340.]
RASMUS F,INGE S,MICHAEL SR,et al.,2006.Evaluation of satellite based primary production modelling in the semiarid Sahel[J].Remote Sensing Environ,105(3):173-188.
SU BY,ZHANG L,CHEN SB,et al.,2010.The spatial and temporal patterns of net primary productivity and its impact factors in regional agro-ecosystem:A case study in Shandong Province[J].Ecol Environ Sci,19(9):2036-2041.[苏本营,张璐,陈圣宾,等,2010.区域农田生态系统生产力的时空格局及其影响因子研究-以山东省为例[J].生态环境学报,19(9):2036-2041.]
WANG F,WANG Z,ZHANG Y,2018.Spatio-temporal variations in vegetation net primary productivity and their driving factors in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2015[J].Acta Ecol Sin,38(8):2754-2767.[王芳,汪左,张运,2018.2000-2015年安徽省植被净初级生产力时空分布特征及其驱动因素[J].生态学报,38(8):2754-2767.]
WANG ZH,REN JT,DAI HY,et al.,2018.Temporal-spatial variation of Vegetation Productivity in Guizhou:A case study in Weining County[J].Environ Sci Technol,41(9):200-205.[王志红,任金铜,戴华阳,等,2018.贵州植被生产力时空变化分析:以威宁县为例[J].环境科与技术,41(9):200-205.]
WEI HJ,ZHANG YF,ZHU N,et al.,2014.Temporal-spatial changes of farmland productivity in Henan Province using MODIS data[J].Sci Surv Mapp,39(11):67-71.[位贺杰,张艳芳,朱妮,等,2014.河南农田生产力时空变化的遥感分析[J].测绘科学,39(11):67-71.]
YANG XX,LI YH,LI CY,et al.,2003.Weather forecast techonology research for guidance in Shandong Province[J].Meteorology,29(11):3-7.[杨晓霞,李玉华,李昌义,等,2003.山东省天气预报逐级指导技术研究[J].气象,29(11):3-7.]
ZHANG J,PAN XL,2010.Spatial pattern and seasonal dynamics of net primary productivity in mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem on the north piedmont of Tianshan Mountains in arid north-west China[J].Arid Land Geogr,33(1):78-86.[张杰,潘晓玲,2010.天山北麓山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统净初级生产力空间分布格局及其季节变化[J].干旱区地理,33(1):78-86.]
ZHANG KX,SUN CW,2009.Sensitivity experiment for the impact of mountainous topographic of middle Shandong Province to regional climate[J].Chin J Agrometeorol,30(4):496-500+508.[张可欣,孙成武,2009.鲁中山区地形对山东区域气候影响的敏感性试验[J].中国农业气象,30(4):496-500+508.]
ZHANG SP,CHEN XC,SU CB,et al.,2004.Analysis of severe drought in Shandong Province in 2002[J].Hydrology,24(3):42-45.[张胜平,陈希村,苏传宝,等,2004.2002年山东省严重干旱分析[J].水文,24(3):42-45.]
ZHONG XC,CHEN W,LIU T,et al.,2016.Spatial and temporal change of vegetation Net Primary Productivity and its relationship with climate from 2001 to 2010 in China[J].Chin J Agric Resour Reg Plann,37(9):16-22.[仲晓春,陈雯,刘涛,等,2016.2001-2010年中国植被NPP的时空变化及其与气候的关系[J].中国农业资源与区划,37(9):16-22.]