厌氧膜生物反应器处理含盐废水运行效能及膜污染特性
|
摘要
采用厌氧膜生物反应器(anaerobic membrane bioreactor,An MBR)处理模拟含盐有机废水,研究盐度变化对反应器运行效能及膜污染特性的影响.结果表明,当进水盐度逐渐增加但低于9. 1 g·L~(-1)时,反应器运行稳定,出水效果良好;当盐度增加至10 g·L~(-1),反应器COD去除率、产气量及甲烷含量都明显下降;污泥浓度、污泥体积指数(SVI)、溶解性微生物产物(SMP)和胞外聚合物(EPS)均随盐度增加而先升后降,污泥絮体紧密,沉降性良好.中空纤维膜组件在118 d内运行了3个周期,随着盐度增加膜运行周期由31 d延长为48 d,膜污染有所减缓.用SEM-EDX分析发现膜面污染物中有类似结晶状物质,Na、Mg、Al、Si、Cl、K、Ca和Fe为主要无机元素.三维荧光光谱(EEM)分析表明,蛋白质与腐殖酸是膜面有机污染物的主要成分.
In the research,an anaerobic membrane bioreactor(AnMBR) was used to treat simulated salty organic wastewater,and the effect of salinity on reactor performance and membrane fouling properties was investigated. The results indicated that when the influent salinity increased gradually but was lower than 9. 1 g·L~(-1),the reactor ran stably and the effluent performance was good. When the salinity increased to 10 g·L~(-1),the COD removal-efficiency,gas production,and methane content decreased significantly; meanwhile,the sludge concentration,sludge volume index(SVI),soluble microbial products(SMP),and extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) levels became elevated at first and then declined with the rising salinity. The system developed compact flocs and a high settling ability. The hollow fiber membrane module was run for three cycles in 118 d. The membrane operating cycle was extended from 31 d to 48 d with the increasing salinity,which favored the control of membrane fouling. SEM-EDX analysis results revealed that there were similar crystalline substances in the film membrane foulants,and Na,Mg,Al,Si,Cl,K,Ca,and Fe were the main inorganic elements. Excitation emission matrix(EEM) analysis results demonstrated that proteins and humic acids were the main components of the organic membrane foulants.
In the research,an anaerobic membrane bioreactor(AnMBR) was used to treat simulated salty organic wastewater,and the effect of salinity on reactor performance and membrane fouling properties was investigated. The results indicated that when the influent salinity increased gradually but was lower than 9. 1 g·L~(-1),the reactor ran stably and the effluent performance was good. When the salinity increased to 10 g·L~(-1),the COD removal-efficiency,gas production,and methane content decreased significantly; meanwhile,the sludge concentration,sludge volume index(SVI),soluble microbial products(SMP),and extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) levels became elevated at first and then declined with the rising salinity. The system developed compact flocs and a high settling ability. The hollow fiber membrane module was run for three cycles in 118 d. The membrane operating cycle was extended from 31 d to 48 d with the increasing salinity,which favored the control of membrane fouling. SEM-EDX analysis results revealed that there were similar crystalline substances in the film membrane foulants,and Na,Mg,Al,Si,Cl,K,Ca,and Fe were the main inorganic elements. Excitation emission matrix(EEM) analysis results demonstrated that proteins and humic acids were the main components of the organic membrane foulants.
引文
[1] Zhao D F,Xue J L,Li S,et al. Theoretical analyses of thermal and economical aspects of multi-effect distillation desalination dealing with high-salinity wastewater[J]. Desalination,2011,273(2-3):292-298.
[2] Mannina G, Cosenza A, Di Trapani D, et al. Membrane bioreactors for treatment of saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons(diesel fuel):An experimental pilot plant case study[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,291:269-278.
[3] Ho J,Sung S. Methanogenic activities in anaerobic membrane bioreactors(AnMBR)treating synthetic municipal wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology,2010,101(7):2191-2196.
[4] Yurtsever A,Calimlioglu B,G?rür M,et al. Effect of Na Cl concentration on the performance of sequential anaerobic and aerobic membrane bioreactors treating textile wastewater[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,287:456-465.
[5] Jeison D,Kremer B,Van Lier J B. Application of membrane enhanced biomass retention to the anaerobic treatment of acidified wastewaters under extreme saline conditions[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2008,64(2):198-205.
[6] Visvanathan C, Abeynayaka A. Developments and future potentials of anaerobic membrane bioreactors(AnMBRs)[J].Membrane Water Treatment,2012,3(1):1-23.
[7]范举红,余素林,张培帅,等.膜生物反应器处理工业废水中膜污染及膜过滤特性研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):950-954.Fan J H,Yu S L,Zhang P S,et al. Mechanism of membrane fouling and filtration characteristics in a membrane bioreactor for industrial wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Science,2013,34(3):950-954.
[8] Huang Z, Ong S L, Ng H Y. Performance of submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor at different SRTs for domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2013,164(1):82-90.
[9]原晓玉,郭新超,田昕茹.温度对分置式厌氧膜生物反应器处理效果及膜污染的影响[J].环境工程,2017,35(12):45-50.Yuan X Y,Guo X C,Tian X R. Effect of temperature on removal performance and membrane fouling in separated anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Environmental Engineering,2017,35(12):45-50.
[10] Huang Z,Ong S L,Ng H Y. Submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for low-strength wastewater treatment:effect of HRT and SRT on treatment performance and membrane fouling[J].Water Research,2011,45(2):705-713.
[11] Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr A L, et al. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,1951,193(1):265-275.
[12] Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J]. Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[13] Meng F G,Zhang H M,Li Y S,et al. Application of fractal permeation model to investigate membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2005,262(1-2):107-116.
[14] Wood J M. Perspectives on:The response to osmotic challenges:Bacterial responses to osmotic challenges[J]. Journal of General Physiology,2015,145(5):381-388.
[15] Lay W C L,Liu Y,Fane A G. Impacts of salinity on the performance of high retention membrane bioreactors for water reclamation:A review[J]. Water Research,2010,44(1):21-40.
[16] Wijekoon K C,Visvanathan C,Abeynayaka A. Effect of organic loading rate on VFA production, organic matter removal and microbial activity of a two-stage thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(9):5353-5360.
[17] Jeison D,Van Lier J B. Cake layer formation in anaerobic submerged membrane bioreactors(AnSMBR)for wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2006,284(1-2):227-236.
[18] Song X Y,Mcdonald J A,Price W E,et al. Effects of salinity build-up on the performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor regarding basic water quality parameters and removal of trace organic contaminants[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,216:399-405.
[19]谭潇,黄靓,杨平,等.盐度对EGSB反应器的运行及厌氧颗粒污泥的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(8):3422-3428.Tan X,Huang L,Yang P,et al. Effects of salinity on the operation of EGSB reactors and the anaerobic granular sludge[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(8):3422-3428.
[20]夏旦凌,金潇,徐期勇.餐厨垃圾高温产甲烷的高盐度抑制及恢复性研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1426-1431.Xia D L,Jin X,Xu Q Y. Inhibition and recovery effects of high Na Cl concentration on thermophilic methane production from food waste[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(3):1426-1431.
[21]肖利平.含盐有机废水厌氧生物处理的试验研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2003. 19-22.Xiao L P. A laboratory study of anaerobic treatment for saline organic wastewater[D]. Xiangtan:Xiangtan University,2003.19-22.
[22] Rinzema A, Van Lier J,Lettinga G. Sodium inhibition of acetoclastic methanogens in granular sludge from a UASB reactor[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,1988,10(1):24-32.
[23]李彬,王志伟,安莹,等.膜-生物反应器处理高盐废水膜面污染物特性研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):643-650.Li B,Wang Z W,An Y,et al. Membrane surface fouling properties in MBRs for high-salinity wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(2):643-650.
[24] Chen C,Guo W S,Ngo H H,et al. Challenges in biogas production from anaerobic membrane bioreactors[J]. Renewable Energy,2016,98:120-134.
[25] Lin H J,Zhang M J,Wang F Y,et al. A critical review of extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)in membrane bioreactors:Characteristics, roles in membrane fouling and control strategies[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2014,460:110-125.
[26] Liang S,Liu C,Song L F. Soluble microbial products in membrane bioreactor operation:Behaviors,characteristics,and fouling potential[J]. Water Research,2007,41(1):95-101.
[27] Tan S W,Cui C Z,Chen X C,et al. Effect of bioflocculation on fouling-related biofoulants in a membrane bioreactor during saline wastewater treatments[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,224:285-291.
[28]夏天.竹炭颗粒强化AnMBR工艺处理高浓度竹制品废水研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017. 30-32.Xia T. Research on enhanced AnMBR process for bamboo products wastewater by addition of charcoal[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017. 30-32.
[29] Ishizaki S,Fukushima T,Ishii S,et al. Membrane fouling potentials and cellular properties of bacteria isolated from fouled membranes in a MBR treating municipal wastewater[J]. Water Research,2016,100:448-457.
[30] Wang Z C,Gao M C,Wang Z,et al. Effect of salinity on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge from an anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor[J]. Chemosphere,2013,93(11):2789-2795.
[31] Meng F G,Chae S R,Drews A,et al. Recent advances in membrane bioreactors(MBRs):membrane fouling and membrane material[J]. Water Research,2009,43(6):1489-1512.
[32] Meng F G,Zhang H M,Yang F L,et al. Characterization of cake layer in submerged membrane bioreactor[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2007,41(11):4065-4070.
[33] Chen W,Westerhoff P,Leenheer J A,et al. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[2] Mannina G, Cosenza A, Di Trapani D, et al. Membrane bioreactors for treatment of saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons(diesel fuel):An experimental pilot plant case study[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,291:269-278.
[3] Ho J,Sung S. Methanogenic activities in anaerobic membrane bioreactors(AnMBR)treating synthetic municipal wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology,2010,101(7):2191-2196.
[4] Yurtsever A,Calimlioglu B,G?rür M,et al. Effect of Na Cl concentration on the performance of sequential anaerobic and aerobic membrane bioreactors treating textile wastewater[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,287:456-465.
[5] Jeison D,Kremer B,Van Lier J B. Application of membrane enhanced biomass retention to the anaerobic treatment of acidified wastewaters under extreme saline conditions[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2008,64(2):198-205.
[6] Visvanathan C, Abeynayaka A. Developments and future potentials of anaerobic membrane bioreactors(AnMBRs)[J].Membrane Water Treatment,2012,3(1):1-23.
[7]范举红,余素林,张培帅,等.膜生物反应器处理工业废水中膜污染及膜过滤特性研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):950-954.Fan J H,Yu S L,Zhang P S,et al. Mechanism of membrane fouling and filtration characteristics in a membrane bioreactor for industrial wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Science,2013,34(3):950-954.
[8] Huang Z, Ong S L, Ng H Y. Performance of submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor at different SRTs for domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2013,164(1):82-90.
[9]原晓玉,郭新超,田昕茹.温度对分置式厌氧膜生物反应器处理效果及膜污染的影响[J].环境工程,2017,35(12):45-50.Yuan X Y,Guo X C,Tian X R. Effect of temperature on removal performance and membrane fouling in separated anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Environmental Engineering,2017,35(12):45-50.
[10] Huang Z,Ong S L,Ng H Y. Submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for low-strength wastewater treatment:effect of HRT and SRT on treatment performance and membrane fouling[J].Water Research,2011,45(2):705-713.
[11] Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr A L, et al. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,1951,193(1):265-275.
[12] Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J]. Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[13] Meng F G,Zhang H M,Li Y S,et al. Application of fractal permeation model to investigate membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2005,262(1-2):107-116.
[14] Wood J M. Perspectives on:The response to osmotic challenges:Bacterial responses to osmotic challenges[J]. Journal of General Physiology,2015,145(5):381-388.
[15] Lay W C L,Liu Y,Fane A G. Impacts of salinity on the performance of high retention membrane bioreactors for water reclamation:A review[J]. Water Research,2010,44(1):21-40.
[16] Wijekoon K C,Visvanathan C,Abeynayaka A. Effect of organic loading rate on VFA production, organic matter removal and microbial activity of a two-stage thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(9):5353-5360.
[17] Jeison D,Van Lier J B. Cake layer formation in anaerobic submerged membrane bioreactors(AnSMBR)for wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2006,284(1-2):227-236.
[18] Song X Y,Mcdonald J A,Price W E,et al. Effects of salinity build-up on the performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor regarding basic water quality parameters and removal of trace organic contaminants[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,216:399-405.
[19]谭潇,黄靓,杨平,等.盐度对EGSB反应器的运行及厌氧颗粒污泥的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(8):3422-3428.Tan X,Huang L,Yang P,et al. Effects of salinity on the operation of EGSB reactors and the anaerobic granular sludge[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(8):3422-3428.
[20]夏旦凌,金潇,徐期勇.餐厨垃圾高温产甲烷的高盐度抑制及恢复性研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1426-1431.Xia D L,Jin X,Xu Q Y. Inhibition and recovery effects of high Na Cl concentration on thermophilic methane production from food waste[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(3):1426-1431.
[21]肖利平.含盐有机废水厌氧生物处理的试验研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2003. 19-22.Xiao L P. A laboratory study of anaerobic treatment for saline organic wastewater[D]. Xiangtan:Xiangtan University,2003.19-22.
[22] Rinzema A, Van Lier J,Lettinga G. Sodium inhibition of acetoclastic methanogens in granular sludge from a UASB reactor[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,1988,10(1):24-32.
[23]李彬,王志伟,安莹,等.膜-生物反应器处理高盐废水膜面污染物特性研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):643-650.Li B,Wang Z W,An Y,et al. Membrane surface fouling properties in MBRs for high-salinity wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(2):643-650.
[24] Chen C,Guo W S,Ngo H H,et al. Challenges in biogas production from anaerobic membrane bioreactors[J]. Renewable Energy,2016,98:120-134.
[25] Lin H J,Zhang M J,Wang F Y,et al. A critical review of extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)in membrane bioreactors:Characteristics, roles in membrane fouling and control strategies[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2014,460:110-125.
[26] Liang S,Liu C,Song L F. Soluble microbial products in membrane bioreactor operation:Behaviors,characteristics,and fouling potential[J]. Water Research,2007,41(1):95-101.
[27] Tan S W,Cui C Z,Chen X C,et al. Effect of bioflocculation on fouling-related biofoulants in a membrane bioreactor during saline wastewater treatments[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,224:285-291.
[28]夏天.竹炭颗粒强化AnMBR工艺处理高浓度竹制品废水研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017. 30-32.Xia T. Research on enhanced AnMBR process for bamboo products wastewater by addition of charcoal[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017. 30-32.
[29] Ishizaki S,Fukushima T,Ishii S,et al. Membrane fouling potentials and cellular properties of bacteria isolated from fouled membranes in a MBR treating municipal wastewater[J]. Water Research,2016,100:448-457.
[30] Wang Z C,Gao M C,Wang Z,et al. Effect of salinity on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge from an anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor[J]. Chemosphere,2013,93(11):2789-2795.
[31] Meng F G,Chae S R,Drews A,et al. Recent advances in membrane bioreactors(MBRs):membrane fouling and membrane material[J]. Water Research,2009,43(6):1489-1512.
[32] Meng F G,Zhang H M,Yang F L,et al. Characterization of cake layer in submerged membrane bioreactor[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,2007,41(11):4065-4070.
[33] Chen W,Westerhoff P,Leenheer J A,et al. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |