中国东海气区初始产水评价图版的建立
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摘要
为了揭示东海盆地不同区域气藏气井初始产水特征存在差异的原因,以便于筛选有利的低渗透储层改造目标,应用气水两相毛细管压力及J函数定义式、幂函数型相渗模型、分流量方程,建立不同气柱高度下初始生产水气比的计算方法,再以东海气区标准毛细管压力、标准相渗实验数据为基础,计算并建立东海区域气藏不同气柱高度下初始生产水气比评价图版。在此基础上,由东海区域气藏已测试或投产井的数据对所建立的评价图版进行验证,并依据评价图版确定东海区域低渗透气藏适合储层改造的气藏物性条件。研究结果表明:①所建立的评价图版反映出各参数间的相关性与实际生产表现出的规律相似,且与实际数据匹配较好,验证了该图版建立方法及关键参数求取方法的正确性与可靠性;②以生产水气比小于1 m~3/10~4m~3作为筛选条件,东海盆地西次凹、中央隆起带及裙边的低渗透气藏(气柱高度一般在50 m左右)适合进行储层改造的储层渗透率应大于0.65 mD,中央隆起带中北部大型低渗透气藏(气柱高度一般大于100 m)适合储层改造的储层渗透率应大于0.26 mD;③在原位油气藏成藏条件下,气藏中不存在气水界面,所提出的方法及建立的评价图版则不适用。结论认为,所提出的初始产水评价图版建立及关键参数求取方法可以为国内其他气区的开发评价提供借鉴。
In order to reveal the reasons for the differences in initial water production characteristics of gas wells in different regions of the East China Sea Basin and to screen favorable targets for low permeability reservoir reconstruction, we established a calculation method of initial production water–gas ratios at different gas column heights by combining gas–water two-phase capillary pressure with J function definition, power function relative permeability model and fractional flow equation. Then based on the experimental data of standard capillary pressure and standard relative permeability in the gas province of the East China Sea, an evaluation chart on initial production water–gas ratio of the East China Sea at different gas column heights was calculated and established. Finally, the evaluation chart was validated by using the data of the tested or commissioned gas wells in the gas reservoirs of the East China Sea, and the physical property conditions suitable for reservoir reconstruction of low-permeability gas reservoirs in the area of the East China Sea were determined according to the evaluation chart. And the following research results were obtained. First, the evaluation chart established in this paper reflects that the correlation between the parameters is similar to the actual production law and matches well with the actual data, which verifies the correctness and reliability of the chart establishment method and the key parameter calculation method. Second, with the production water–gas ratio less than 1 m~3/10~4 m~3 as the screening condition, for the permeability of the low permeability gas reservoirs(with gas column height of about 50 m) in the west subsag, the central uplift belt and the periphery suitable for reservoir reconstruction shall be greater than 0.65 mD, and that of the large low permeability gas reservoirs(with a gas column height of more than 100 m) in the north of central uplift belt shall be greater than 0.26 mD. Third, there is no gas–water contact in gas reservoirs under the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of in-situ reservoirs, so the method and the evaluation chart proposed in this paper are not applicable. It is concluded that the method of establishing the initial water production evaluation chart and the method of calculating the key parameters proposed in this paper can provide meaningful reference for the development and evaluation of other gas fields in China.
In order to reveal the reasons for the differences in initial water production characteristics of gas wells in different regions of the East China Sea Basin and to screen favorable targets for low permeability reservoir reconstruction, we established a calculation method of initial production water–gas ratios at different gas column heights by combining gas–water two-phase capillary pressure with J function definition, power function relative permeability model and fractional flow equation. Then based on the experimental data of standard capillary pressure and standard relative permeability in the gas province of the East China Sea, an evaluation chart on initial production water–gas ratio of the East China Sea at different gas column heights was calculated and established. Finally, the evaluation chart was validated by using the data of the tested or commissioned gas wells in the gas reservoirs of the East China Sea, and the physical property conditions suitable for reservoir reconstruction of low-permeability gas reservoirs in the area of the East China Sea were determined according to the evaluation chart. And the following research results were obtained. First, the evaluation chart established in this paper reflects that the correlation between the parameters is similar to the actual production law and matches well with the actual data, which verifies the correctness and reliability of the chart establishment method and the key parameter calculation method. Second, with the production water–gas ratio less than 1 m~3/10~4 m~3 as the screening condition, for the permeability of the low permeability gas reservoirs(with gas column height of about 50 m) in the west subsag, the central uplift belt and the periphery suitable for reservoir reconstruction shall be greater than 0.65 mD, and that of the large low permeability gas reservoirs(with a gas column height of more than 100 m) in the north of central uplift belt shall be greater than 0.26 mD. Third, there is no gas–water contact in gas reservoirs under the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of in-situ reservoirs, so the method and the evaluation chart proposed in this paper are not applicable. It is concluded that the method of establishing the initial water production evaluation chart and the method of calculating the key parameters proposed in this paper can provide meaningful reference for the development and evaluation of other gas fields in China.
引文
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[5]马宏煜,高树生,叶礼友,刘华勋,熊伟,史江龙,等.致密砂岩气藏近井地带含水饱和度变化规律[J].天然气工业,2018,38(5):77-86.Ma Hongyu,Gao Shusheng,Ye Liyou,Liu Huaxun,Xiong Wei,Shi Jianglong,et al.Change of water saturation in tight sandstone gas reservoirs near wellbores[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(5):77-86.
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[7]支鑫,熊伟,高树生,叶礼友,李奇,Wang Qingkui.苏里格致密砂岩气藏可动水饱和度分布[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(2):86-89.Zhi Xin,Xiong Wei,Gao Shusheng,Ye Liyou,Li Qi&Wang Qingkui.Distribution of the movable water saturation in Sulige tight gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(2):86-89.
[8]李功强,陈雨霖,贾会冲,赵永刚,谢锐杰,刘四洪,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部十里加汗区带致密砂岩储层流体赋存状态及分布特征[J].天然气工业,2017,37(2):11-18.Li Gongqiang,Chen Yulin,Jia Huichong,Zhao Yonggang,Xie Ruijie,Liu Sihong,et al.Occurrence and distribution characteristics of fluids in tight sandstone reservoirs in the Shilijiahan zone,northern Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(2):11-18.
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[10]王庆勇.利用毛细管压力计算低渗储层可动水饱和度[J].断块油气田,2013,20(1):85-88.Wang Qingyong.Calculation of mobile water saturation of low permeability reservoir with capillary pressure curve[J].FaultBlock Oil&Gas Field,2013,20(1):85-88.
[11]周德志.束缚水饱和度与临界水饱和度关系的研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(6):81-83.Zhou Dezhi.Study of the relation between immobile water saturation and critical water saturation[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2006,13(6):81-83.
[12]鹿克峰,徐振中,冯景林.一种定量表征油水过渡区饱和度分布的实用方法[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(6):387-390.Lu Kefeng,Xu Zhenzhong&Feng Jinglin.A practical method to quantitatively characterize oil saturation distribution in oil-water transition zones[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(6):387-390.
[13]陈元千.相对渗透率曲线和毛管压力曲线的标准化方法[J].石油实验地质,1990,12(1):64-70.Chen Yuanqian.Standardization on the curves of permeability and capillary pressure[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,1990,12(1):64-70.
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[15]李传亮.用压汞曲线确定油藏原始含油饱和度的方法研究[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(5):418-419.Li Chuanliang.On methodology for using mercury injection curves to determine original oil saturation of reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2000,21(5):418-419.
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