一种实时核脉冲信号峰值检测方法及能谱分析
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摘要
针对双阈值峰值检测算法的两个缺陷,提出了一种新型实时单阈值峰值检测方法。该方法采用状态机方式,在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)中实现,方法中三个状态能够灵活转移,抗噪声能力强,且输出峰值稳定,错误率低,以241Am放射源为例,测量不同阈值下的能谱图,通过分析比对确定了实验中的最佳阈值。对比有放射源和无放射源下的能谱图,测定了能谱中噪声峰的位置。最后通过241Am的三个主要光子能量强度确定了能谱峰的各个峰的成分,验证了该方法的可行性。为后续系统的优化、多通道的扩展、光子成像的应用等提供了基础。
[Background] Most real-time peak detection algorithms are based on double threshold which have two,defects: 1) pulse near the threshold line can not be detected well; 2) the peak output point is unstable. [Purpose] This study aims to overcome the disadvantage of double threshold peak detection algorithm by proposing a new real-time peak detection method based on single threshold. [Methods] Single threshold detection method is implemented in field programmable gate array by using state machine. Three states, i. e., seeking the minimum state, seeking the maximum state and peak output state, can be switched randomly. The241 Am radiation source was taken as an example to measure the energy spectra under different thresholds. The optimal threshold was selected by comparing the spectrum of different thresholds, and the components of the spectrum were determined by comparing the noise peak to the signal peak. and the output peak is stable. [Results] Three main photon energy intensities of241 Am were verified by using this method to determine the composition of each peak of the energy spectrum. [Conclusion] Single threshold method can improve the shortcoming of double threshold algorithm, and has good application in energy spectrum measurement.
[Background] Most real-time peak detection algorithms are based on double threshold which have two,defects: 1) pulse near the threshold line can not be detected well; 2) the peak output point is unstable. [Purpose] This study aims to overcome the disadvantage of double threshold peak detection algorithm by proposing a new real-time peak detection method based on single threshold. [Methods] Single threshold detection method is implemented in field programmable gate array by using state machine. Three states, i. e., seeking the minimum state, seeking the maximum state and peak output state, can be switched randomly. The241 Am radiation source was taken as an example to measure the energy spectra under different thresholds. The optimal threshold was selected by comparing the spectrum of different thresholds, and the components of the spectrum were determined by comparing the noise peak to the signal peak. and the output peak is stable. [Results] Three main photon energy intensities of241 Am were verified by using this method to determine the composition of each peak of the energy spectrum. [Conclusion] Single threshold method can improve the shortcoming of double threshold algorithm, and has good application in energy spectrum measurement.
引文
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11张爱华,王平,丑永新.基于动态差分阈值的脉搏信号峰值检测算法[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2014,44(3):847-852.DOI:10.13229/j.cnki,jdxbgxb201403043.ZHANG Aihua,WANG Ping,CHOU Yongxin.Peak detection of pulse signal based on dynamic difference threshold[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2014,44(3):847-852.DOI:10.13229/j.cnki,jdxbgxb201403043.
12黎淼.面元像素CdZnTe高能辐射探测器原理、系统及特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.LI Miao.Principle,system and characteristics of pixellated CdZnTe detector for high energy radiation[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
13王一鸣,魏义祥.基于CZT探测器的SPRD采集系统研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,2011,31(3):259-262.WANG Yiming,WEI Yixiang.Research on SPRDacquisition system based on CZT detector[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2011,31(3):259-262.
14王玺,肖沙里,张流强,等.基于CdZnTe晶体的2×2像素阵列探测器研究[J].光电子·激光,2010,21(5):639-643.DOI:10.16136/j.joel.2010.05.003.WANG Xi,XIAO Shali,ZHANG Liuqiang,et al.Study of 2×2 pixellated nuclear radiation detector based on CdZnTe[J].Journal of Optoelectronics?Laser,2010,21(5):639-643.DOI:10.16136/j.joel.2010.05.003.
15 Hu W,Choi Y,Hong K J,et al.Free-running ADC-and FPGA-based signal processing method for brain PETusing GAPD arrays[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2012,664:370-375.DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.053.
16 Bell S J,Baker M A,Duarte D D,et al.Performance comparison of small-pixel CdZnTe radiation detectors with gold contacts formed by sputter and electroless deposition[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2017,12.DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/12/06/P06015.
2 Gerardi G,Abbene L.A digital approach for real time high-rate high-resolution radiation measurements[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2014,768:46-54.DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2014.09.047.
3肖无云,魏义祥,艾宪芸,等.数字化多道脉冲幅度分析技术研究[J].核技术,2005,28(10):787-790.XIAO Wuyun,WEI Yixiang,AI Xianyun,et al.Researchon digital multi-channel pulse height analysis techniques[J].Nuclear Techniques,2005,28(10):787-790.
4丁卫撑,王义,方方.一种实用多道脉冲幅度分析器[J].核技术,2012,35(8):630-634.DING Weicheng,WANG Yi,FANG Fang.A practical multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer[J].Nuclear Techniques,2012,35(8):630-634.
5桑子儒.多道脉冲幅度谱仪的硬件快速寻峰方法[C].第十五届全国核电子学与核探测技术学术年会论文集,贵州:中国电子学会核电子学与核探测技术会,2010:55-59.SANG Ziru.A peak value searching method of the MCAbased on digital logic devices[C].Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Annual Conference of Nuclear Electronics and Nuclear Detection Technology,Guizhou:China Electronics Society Nuclear Electronics and Nuclear Detection Technology Association,2010:55-59.
6任勇,魏彪,冯鹏,等.随机脉冲序列的ns级时间检测及峰值检测[J].强激光与粒子束,2009,21(7):1101-1105.REN Yong,WEI Biao,FENG Peng,et al.Time and peak detection for random pulse sequence at ns level[J].High Power Laser And Particle Beams,2009,21(7):1101-1105.
7纪圣谋,刘先昆,潘红兵,等.核脉冲波形甄别[J].电子测量技术,2006,29(1):58-59.DOI:10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2006.01.036.JI Shengmou,LIU Xiankun,PAN Hongbing,et al.Nuclear pulse shape discrimination based on DSPtechniques[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2006,29(1):58-59.DOI:10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2006.01.036.
8暴洪涛,程智,陈锋,等.基于FPGA的实时脉冲信号峰值检测方法[J].军事医学,2015,39(5):377-378.DOI:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2015.05.014.BAO Hongtao,CHENG Zhi,CHEN Feng,et al.An algorithm of real-time peak detection for pulse signals based on FPGA[J].Military Medicine Science,2015,39(5):377-378.DOI:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2015.05.014.
9何艳,张流强,张建,等.基于FPGA的高速峰值检测[J].核电子学与探测技术,2016,36(1):43-47.HE Yan,ZHANG Liuqiang,ZHANG Jian,et al.Highspeed peak detecting based on FPGA[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2016,36(1):43-47.
10彭国杰,张微,王忆文,等.用于条码信号峰值检测的改进动态双阈值算法[J].微电子学与计算机,2014,31(4):164-167.DOI:10.19304/j.cnki.issn1000-7180.2014.04.040.PENG Guojie,ZHANG Wei,WANG Yiwen,et al.Improved dynamic dual threshold algorithm for peak detection of barcode signal[J].Microelectronics&Computer,2014,31(4):164-167.DOI:10.19304/j.cnki.issn1000-7180.2014.04.040.
11张爱华,王平,丑永新.基于动态差分阈值的脉搏信号峰值检测算法[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2014,44(3):847-852.DOI:10.13229/j.cnki,jdxbgxb201403043.ZHANG Aihua,WANG Ping,CHOU Yongxin.Peak detection of pulse signal based on dynamic difference threshold[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2014,44(3):847-852.DOI:10.13229/j.cnki,jdxbgxb201403043.
12黎淼.面元像素CdZnTe高能辐射探测器原理、系统及特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.LI Miao.Principle,system and characteristics of pixellated CdZnTe detector for high energy radiation[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
13王一鸣,魏义祥.基于CZT探测器的SPRD采集系统研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,2011,31(3):259-262.WANG Yiming,WEI Yixiang.Research on SPRDacquisition system based on CZT detector[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2011,31(3):259-262.
14王玺,肖沙里,张流强,等.基于CdZnTe晶体的2×2像素阵列探测器研究[J].光电子·激光,2010,21(5):639-643.DOI:10.16136/j.joel.2010.05.003.WANG Xi,XIAO Shali,ZHANG Liuqiang,et al.Study of 2×2 pixellated nuclear radiation detector based on CdZnTe[J].Journal of Optoelectronics?Laser,2010,21(5):639-643.DOI:10.16136/j.joel.2010.05.003.
15 Hu W,Choi Y,Hong K J,et al.Free-running ADC-and FPGA-based signal processing method for brain PETusing GAPD arrays[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2012,664:370-375.DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.053.
16 Bell S J,Baker M A,Duarte D D,et al.Performance comparison of small-pixel CdZnTe radiation detectors with gold contacts formed by sputter and electroless deposition[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2017,12.DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/12/06/P06015.
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