日光温室番茄短季节高密度栽培适宜密度筛选试验
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摘要
通过对不同密度下番茄产量及品质的变化分析,筛选出适宜2—5月番茄短季节高密度高品质栽培的适宜密度,从而为昌平地区草莓生产后期及空闲期提供一种全新的生产模式选择。结果表明:在2—5月短季节高密度无土栽培(留2穗果)模式下,667 m2定植量在8 000株时,番茄凯德6361的产量最高(6 390.5 kg),糖分含量最高(52.7 g/kg),是标准值的2倍以上(标准范围15~25 g/kg),糖酸比达到14.01,口感较好,较适宜鲜食生产选用;667 m~2定植量在10 000株时,番茄红素含量最高,达到127.735μg/g,单果质量为151.0 g,667 m~2产量显著高于对照处理,较适宜进行托盘包装后作为功能型产品销售。
The suitable density of high density and high quality cultivation of tomato in short season from February to May was selected by analyzing the change of tomato yield and quality under different densities, which provided a new selection of production mode for the substitute products of the ending of strawberry production of the Changping district in Beijing. The results showed that when the density was 8 000 plants per 667 m2, 'Kaide6361' had the highest yield(6 390.5 kg) and sugar content(52.7 g/kg), which was more than twice as much as the standard value(15~25 g/kg), and the ratio of sugar to acid reached 14.01, this density was more suitable for production of fresh tomato. When the density was 10 000 plants per 667 m~2, the lycopene of tomato was the highest, uping to 127.735 μg/g and the weight of single fruit was 151.0 g, the yield per 667 m~2 was significantly higher than the control treatment, and this density was suitable for pallet packing and saling as functional product.
The suitable density of high density and high quality cultivation of tomato in short season from February to May was selected by analyzing the change of tomato yield and quality under different densities, which provided a new selection of production mode for the substitute products of the ending of strawberry production of the Changping district in Beijing. The results showed that when the density was 8 000 plants per 667 m2, 'Kaide6361' had the highest yield(6 390.5 kg) and sugar content(52.7 g/kg), which was more than twice as much as the standard value(15~25 g/kg), and the ratio of sugar to acid reached 14.01, this density was more suitable for production of fresh tomato. When the density was 10 000 plants per 667 m~2, the lycopene of tomato was the highest, uping to 127.735 μg/g and the weight of single fruit was 151.0 g, the yield per 667 m~2 was significantly higher than the control treatment, and this density was suitable for pallet packing and saling as functional product.
引文
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[2]李恕艳,李吉进,张邦喜,等.施用有机肥对番茄品质风味的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(2):114-119.
[3]董洁,邹志荣,燕飞,等.不同施肥水平对大棚番茄产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2009(12):38-41.
[4]贺会强,陈凯利,邹志荣,等.不同施肥水平对日光温室番茄产量和品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(7):135-140.
[5]李银坤,郭文忠,薛绪掌,等.不同灌溉施肥模式对温室番茄产量、品质及水肥利用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(19):3757-3765.
[6]张典勇.棚膜颜色和氮磷钾浓度对番茄产量和品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[7]蔡小斌,邱晓庆,谢忠清,等.不同棚膜和氮肥用量对设施番茄氮素利用的影响[J].农业开发与装备,2017(1):73-75.
[8]吴宣毅,曹红霞,王虎兵,等.不同种植行距和灌水量对中国西北地区日光温室短季节栽培番茄品质的交互影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(5):940-951.
[9]叶英杰,单艳敏,杨志刚,等.低封顶高密度处理对温室番茄光合作用、产量及品质的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(3):184-188.