C含量对单晶高温合金再结晶的影响
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摘要
采用选晶法在真空定向凝固炉中,制备了C含量分别为0. 019%、0. 048%、0. 074%和0. 094%的单晶高温合金,合金表面吹沙后分别在1 250、1 300℃进行真空热处理,研究不同C含量对单晶高温合金再结晶的影响。结果表明:随着合金中C含量升高,碳化物含量增多,其形态由块状转变为骨架状、发达骨架状;随着C含量增加,合金再结晶层深度无明显变化趋势,这表明碳化物对合金再结晶无明显的抑制作用,随着热处理温度升高,再结晶厚层深度明显增加; C对单晶高温合金再结晶抑制作用与形成碳化物的形态和密度有关,在合金表层形成高密度的碳化物,从而对再结晶晶界形成钉扎作用,阻碍晶界的迁移,能够起到抑制再结晶的作用。
The single crystal superalloy with 0. 019% C,0. 048% C,0. 074% C and 0. 094% C was cast using screw selecting method in the directionally solidified furnace. These alloys were grit blasted and heat treated at 1 250 ℃ and 1 300 ℃ at vacuum atmosphere respectively to investigate the effect of C content on the recrystallization. The results show that with the increase of carbon content,the volume fraction of carbide increases,and its morphologies change from blocky shape to framework-like shape and developed framework-like shape. With the increase of carbon content,the recrystallized layer depth of the alloy has no obvious variation It indicates that the addition of carbon has no suppression effect on the recrystallization in this alloy. With the rise of heat treatment temperature,the recrystallized layer depth dramatically increases. The suppression effect of the C content on recrystallization is related to the morphology and density of carbide formed in the alloy. If high-density carbide forms in the alloy surface layer,it can hold back the recrystallized grain boundaries by pinning effect,and thus inhibit recrystallization.
The single crystal superalloy with 0. 019% C,0. 048% C,0. 074% C and 0. 094% C was cast using screw selecting method in the directionally solidified furnace. These alloys were grit blasted and heat treated at 1 250 ℃ and 1 300 ℃ at vacuum atmosphere respectively to investigate the effect of C content on the recrystallization. The results show that with the increase of carbon content,the volume fraction of carbide increases,and its morphologies change from blocky shape to framework-like shape and developed framework-like shape. With the increase of carbon content,the recrystallized layer depth of the alloy has no obvious variation It indicates that the addition of carbon has no suppression effect on the recrystallization in this alloy. With the rise of heat treatment temperature,the recrystallized layer depth dramatically increases. The suppression effect of the C content on recrystallization is related to the morphology and density of carbide formed in the alloy. If high-density carbide forms in the alloy surface layer,it can hold back the recrystallized grain boundaries by pinning effect,and thus inhibit recrystallization.
引文
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[3]余竹焕,刘林.C对单晶高温合金持久性能的影响[J].金属学报,2014,50(7):854-862.
[4]刘丽荣,金涛,孙晓峰,等.单晶高温合金中的碳化物演化及其作用的研究[J].航空材料学报,2007,27(5):12-16.
[5]Mihalisin J R,Corrigan J,Launsbach M,et al.Some effects of carbon in the production of single crystal superalloys casting[C].The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society.Warrendale,2004:795-800.
[6]Chen Q Z,Kong Y H,Jones C N,et al.Porosity reduction by minor additions in RR2086 superalloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2004,51(2):155-160.
[7]Tin S,Pollock T M.Phase instabilities and carbon additions in single crystal nickel-base superalloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2003,348(1-2):111-121.
[8]Chen Q Z,Jones C N,Knowles D M.The grain boundary microstructures of the base and modified RR2072 bicrystal superalloys and their effects on the creep properties[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2004,385(1-2):402-418.
[9]Shah D M,Cetel A.Evaluation of PWA1483 for large single crystal IGT blade applications[C].The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society.Warrendale,2000:295-304.
[10]Wang L,Xie G,Zhang J,et al.On the role of carbides during the recrystallization of a directionally solidified nickel-base superalloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,55(5):457-460.
[11]赵阳,王磊,于腾,等.定向凝固钴基高温合金DZ40M中碳化物析出与再结晶的交互作用[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2008,37(6):1032-1036.
[12]Wang L,Xie G,Lou L H.Effect of carbon content on the recrystallization of a single crystal nickel-based superalloy[J].Materials letter,2013,109:154-157.
[13]Xiong J C,Li J R,Liu S Z,et al.Effects of carburization on recrystallization behavior of a single crystal superalloy[J].Materials Characterization,2010,61(7):749-755.
[14]He Y H,Hou X Q,Tao C H,et al.Recrystallization and fatigue fracture of single crystal turbine blades[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2011,18(3):944-949.
[15]Shi Z X,Liu S Z,Wang X G,et al.Effects of heat treatment on surface recrystallization and stress rupture properties of a fourth-generation single-crystal superalloy after grit blasting[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters),2017,30(7):614-620.
[16]Shi Z X,Liu S Z,Yue X D,et al.Effect of cellular recrystallization on the tensile properties of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy containing Re and Ru[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2017,22(10):1059-1064.
[17]刘丽荣,孙新涛,金涛,等.含碳镍基单晶高温合金的再结晶倾向性[J].机械工程材料,2007,31(5):9-12.
[18]Bürgel R,Portella P D,Preuhs J.Recrystallization in single crystals of nickel base superalloys[C].The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society,Warrendale,2000:229-238.
[19]张兵,曹雪刚,刘昌奎.单晶高温合金再结晶的抑制方法研究进展[J].失效分析与预防,2013,8(6):191-196.
[20]刘丽荣,孙新涛,金涛,等.碳对一种单晶镍基高温合金铸态组织的影响[J].铸造,2007,56(6):635-638.
[21]冯端.金属物理[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1998:492-493.