电压跌落故障半实物模拟方法研究
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摘要
为了在光伏电站、风电机组、虚拟同步机等低电压穿越测试过程中精确模拟电网各种电压跌落故障,提出频域内故障电压目标相量的直接合成方法,搭建基于MicroLabBox实时仿真单元和物理变流装置的半实物实时仿真平台。针对电力系统中典型电压跌落故障(包含三相对称故障和三相不对称故障),在MicroLabBox中利用故障电压特征相量合成三相故障电压调制信号,经AC/DC/AC两级PWM变流电路生成故障电压,避免了应用对称分量法的分解与合成运算过程,大大降低了控制算法运算量。实验结果表明,该半实物模拟平台可生成各种类型的故障电压,跌落深度、故障起止时间设置灵活,动态响应速度快。
In order to accurately simulate various voltage sags in the power grid during the low voltage ride-through test of photovoltaic power plants,wind turbines,virtual synchronous generator,etc.,a direct synthesis method of fault voltage target vector in the frequency domain is proposed.A hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation platform is built based on the MicroLabBox which is a real-time simulation unit and physical control device.For typical voltage sags in power systems(including three-phase symmetrical faults and three-phase asymmetric faults),three-phase fault voltage modulation signals are synthesized in the MicroLabBox by utilizing the fault voltage characteristic vector.Then,the fault voltage is generated after AC/DC/AC two-stage PWM converter.In this way,the decomposition and synthesis process of symmetric component method is avoided,and the calculation amount of control algorithm is greatly reduced.The simulation results show that the semi-physical simulation platform has a fast dynamic response and can generate various types of fault voltages.The drop depth and the start and stop time of faults can be set flexibly.
In order to accurately simulate various voltage sags in the power grid during the low voltage ride-through test of photovoltaic power plants,wind turbines,virtual synchronous generator,etc.,a direct synthesis method of fault voltage target vector in the frequency domain is proposed.A hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation platform is built based on the MicroLabBox which is a real-time simulation unit and physical control device.For typical voltage sags in power systems(including three-phase symmetrical faults and three-phase asymmetric faults),three-phase fault voltage modulation signals are synthesized in the MicroLabBox by utilizing the fault voltage characteristic vector.Then,the fault voltage is generated after AC/DC/AC two-stage PWM converter.In this way,the decomposition and synthesis process of symmetric component method is avoided,and the calculation amount of control algorithm is greatly reduced.The simulation results show that the semi-physical simulation platform has a fast dynamic response and can generate various types of fault voltages.The drop depth and the start and stop time of faults can be set flexibly.
引文
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[14]颜南明,张豫南,刘春光,等.MATLAB环境下的分布式硬件在环仿真技术研究[J].系统仿真学报,2010,22(8):1 866-1 869.YAN Nan-ming,ZHANG Yu-nan,LIU Chun-guang,et al.Research on distributed hardware in loop simulation technology in MATLAB environment[J].Journal of systems simulation,2010,22(8):1 866-1 869.
[2]Bollen M H J.Characterisation of voltage sags experienced by three-phase adjustable-speed drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1997,12(4):1 666-1 671.
[3]Kazmierkowski M P,Malesani L.Current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source PWM converters[J].IEEE transactions Industrial Electronics,1998,45(5):22-26.
[4]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[5]杜新.电压跌落发生器的控制策略研究与实现[D].保定:华北电力大学,2014.
[6]胡书举,李建林,梁亮,等.风力发电用电压跌落发生器研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2008,28(2):101-103.HU Shu-ju,LI Jian-lin,LIANG Liang,et al.Review of research on voltage sag generator for wind power generation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2008,28(2):101-103.
[7]梁亮,李建林,赵斌,等.适合于风力发电系统的电压跌落发生器[J].可再生能源,2007,25(3):64-67.LIANG Liang,LI Jian-lin,ZHAO Bin,et al.Voltage sag generator suitable for wind power generation system[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2007,25(3):64-67.
[8]Ma Y,Karady G G.A single-phase voltage sag generator for testing electrical equipments[C].IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition Chicago,IL,2008.
[9]胡书举,李建林,梁亮,等.适用于风力发电的一种低成本VSG实现方法[J].电气应用,2007,26(11):50-53.HU Shu-ju,LI Jian-lin,LIANG Liang,et al.A low cost VSG implementation method for wind power generation[J].Electrotechnical Application,2007,26(11):50-53.
[10]张威,郑常宝,王萍,等.基于自耦调压器的电压暂降发生器研究[J].电力电子技术,2011,45(3):88-90.ZHANG Wei,ZHENG Chang-bao,WANG Ping,et al.Study of voltage sag generator based on autotransformer voltage regulator[J].Power Electronics,2011,45(3):88-90.
[11]张兴.PWM整流器及其控制策略的研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2003.
[12]孟建辉,石新春,王毅,等.VSG系统直流电压快速稳定的控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):219-226.MENG Jian-hui,SHI Xin-chun,WANG Yi,et al.Research on a fast and stable DC voltage control strategy of voltage sag generator system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):219-226.
[13]张军军,郑飞,黄晶生,等.用于光伏低电压穿越测试的电压跌落发生器设计与试验[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(9):108-113.ZHANG Jun-jun,ZHNEG Fei,HUANG Jing-sheng,et al.Design and test of voltage sag generators for low voltage ride-through test of photovoltaic systems.Auto of electric power systems,2014,38(9):108-113.
[14]颜南明,张豫南,刘春光,等.MATLAB环境下的分布式硬件在环仿真技术研究[J].系统仿真学报,2010,22(8):1 866-1 869.YAN Nan-ming,ZHANG Yu-nan,LIU Chun-guang,et al.Research on distributed hardware in loop simulation technology in MATLAB environment[J].Journal of systems simulation,2010,22(8):1 866-1 869.
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