扫描方式对激光选区熔化成形316L组织和性能的影响
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摘要
为了研究激光扫描方式对激光选区熔化成形件组织和性能的影响,采用S形正交和旋转分区两种扫描方式制备了316L不锈钢成形件。测试了成形件的致密度及表面粗糙度,并对其组织形貌及室温拉伸力学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,在其他工艺参数相同的条件下,用旋转分区扫描方式能够减小成形件的表面粗糙度,并提高其致密度。旋转分区扫描层内靠近熔合线主要是柱状晶,熔道中心主要为胞状晶,晶粒尺寸在0.4~0.9μm之间,组织比较致密;S形正交扫描的柱状晶区域不明显,且存在球化的粉末和孔洞,熔道中心的胞状晶较粗大。旋转分区扫描成形件的室温拉伸强度略高于S形正交扫描成形件,主要是由于S形正交的成形件存在粉末未熔合及孔洞等缺陷所致。
In order to study the effect of laser scanning method on the microstructure and properties of the selective laser melting formed parts,the 316 Lstainless steel formed parts were prepared by two scanning methods,S-shaped orthogonal and rotating partition.The density and surface roughness of the formed parts were tested,and the microstructure and tensile mechanical properties at room temperature were compared and analyzed.The results show that under the condition of the same other process parameters,the rotating partition scanning method can reduce the surface roughness of the formed part and increase its density.The scanning zone within the rotating partition is mainly columnar crystals near the fusion line,the center of the melt channel is mainly cellular crystals.The grain size is between 0.4μm and 0.9μm,and the microstructure is dense.The columnar crystal region of the S-shaped orthogonal scanning is not obvious,and there are spheroidized powders and holes,and the cell crystals in the center of the melt channel are coarse.The room temperature tensile strength of the rotating partition scanning formed parts are slightly higher than that of the S-shaped orthogonal scanning formed parts,mainly due to defects such as powder incomplete fusion,holes and others in the S-shaped orthogonal formed parts.
In order to study the effect of laser scanning method on the microstructure and properties of the selective laser melting formed parts,the 316 Lstainless steel formed parts were prepared by two scanning methods,S-shaped orthogonal and rotating partition.The density and surface roughness of the formed parts were tested,and the microstructure and tensile mechanical properties at room temperature were compared and analyzed.The results show that under the condition of the same other process parameters,the rotating partition scanning method can reduce the surface roughness of the formed part and increase its density.The scanning zone within the rotating partition is mainly columnar crystals near the fusion line,the center of the melt channel is mainly cellular crystals.The grain size is between 0.4μm and 0.9μm,and the microstructure is dense.The columnar crystal region of the S-shaped orthogonal scanning is not obvious,and there are spheroidized powders and holes,and the cell crystals in the center of the melt channel are coarse.The room temperature tensile strength of the rotating partition scanning formed parts are slightly higher than that of the S-shaped orthogonal scanning formed parts,mainly due to defects such as powder incomplete fusion,holes and others in the S-shaped orthogonal formed parts.
引文
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[2]邓诗诗,杨永强,李阳,等.旋转分区扫描路径规划及其对SLM成形件残余应力分布的影响[J].中国激光,2016(12):61-69.
[3]胡全栋,孙帆,李怀学.扫描方式对激光选区熔化成形316不锈钢性能的影响[J].航空航天技术,2016,497(z1):124-127.
[4]LU YANJIN,WU SONGQUAN,GAN YILIANG.Study on the microstructure,mechanical property and residual stress of SLM Inconel-718alloy manufactured by differing island scanning strategy[J].Optics Laser Technology,2015,(75):197-206.
[5]孙婷婷,杨永强,苏旭彬,等.316L不锈钢粉末激光选区熔化成形致密化研究[J].激光技术,2010,34(4):443-446.
[6]吴伟辉,杨永强,毛桂生.316L选区激光熔化增材制造熔池搭接堆积形貌分析[J].制造技术与机床,2014(4):46-49.
[7]JELIS E,CLEMENTE M,KERWIEN S,et al.Metallurgical and mechanical evaluation of 4340steel produced by direct metal laser sintering[J].Metals&Materials Society,2015,67(5):1214-1215.
[8]ROSENTHAL I,STERN A,FRAGE N.Microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg parts produced by the laser beam additive manufacturing(AM)technology[J].Metallography Microstructure&Analysis,2014,3(6):448-453.
[9]RAFI H K,KARTHIK N V,GONG H,et al.Microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V parts fabricated by selective laser melting and electron beam melting[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2013,22(12):3872-3883.
[10]潘琰峰.316不锈钢金属粉末的选择性激光烧结成形研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2005.
[11]张升.医用合金粉末激光选区熔化成形工艺与性能研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2014.
[12]杜胶义.GH4169镍基合金粉末激光选区熔化基础工艺研究[D].太原:中北大学,2014.
[13]李珠玲.激光选区熔化IN718合金的成分变化规律[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[14]肖飞.激光选区熔化成形304不锈钢的力学性能研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011.