开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组白云岩储层沉积-成岩系统研究
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摘要
为了指导部署四川盆地白云岩储层中钻井,在油气钻井岩心观察与描述、野外剖面实测和样品采集的基础上,结合镜下薄片鉴定、X衍射、物性和地球化学特征分析,对开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组白云岩储层的沉积-成岩系统进行了深入研究。认为台地边缘生物礁和台地边缘浅滩为最重要的储集相带,颗粒白云岩、生物礁白云岩和晶粒白云岩为最主要的储集层岩性,晶间孔、晶间溶孔和超大溶孔为目的层最有效的储集空间,孔洞缝复合型储层为目的层最优质的储集类型。综合分析认为,长兴组沉积-成岩系统与白云岩储层在时空上具有良好的耦合关系,台地边缘生物礁和台地边缘浅滩相控制了白云岩储层的区域分布范围,而不同成岩系统对储层的贡献程度不同。其中:地层封存卤水与混合热卤水成岩系统是储层形成的基础与关键,地层封存卤水形成低孔低渗的孔隙型Ⅲ类储层,混合热卤水形成中孔中渗的孔洞型Ⅱ类储层;构造热液成岩系统对储层贡献最大,并形成高孔高渗的孔洞缝复合型Ⅰ类优质储层。
In order to guide the deployment of drilling in dolomite reservoir of Sichuan basin.Based on oil and gas drilling core observation and description,field profile measurement and sample collection,combined with microscopic thin section identification、X-ray diffraction、physical parameter andgeochemical characteristics analysis,we studied the reservoir sedimentary-diagenetic system about the dolomites in Changxing Formation of the eastern inland sea trough in Kaijiang-Liangping.It is considered that the platform margin reef and platform marginal shoal are the most important reservoir facies belts,The main reservoir lithology is of grain dolomite,biological reef dolomite,and crystalline dolomite.The most effective reservoir spaces are intergranular solution pores,intercrystalline pores,and super solution pores.The composite reservoirs with holes and seams are the best reservoir type.Comprehensive analysis showed that the sedimentary diagenetic system of the Changxing Formation has agood coupling relationship with dolomite reservoir in time and space.The distribution of Changxing Formation dolomite reservoir is controlled by the platform margin reef and platform marginal shoal facies,and the contribution of different diagenetic system to reservoir is different.Among them,the formation sealing brine and mixed hot brine diagenetic system are the foundation and key for reservoir formation:the former is of TypeⅢ pores with low porosity and low permeability,and the latter is of TypeⅡ pores with middle porosity and permeability.The structural hydrothermal diagenesis system has the biggest contribution to the reservoir,which can form high quality Type I reservoirs.
In order to guide the deployment of drilling in dolomite reservoir of Sichuan basin.Based on oil and gas drilling core observation and description,field profile measurement and sample collection,combined with microscopic thin section identification、X-ray diffraction、physical parameter andgeochemical characteristics analysis,we studied the reservoir sedimentary-diagenetic system about the dolomites in Changxing Formation of the eastern inland sea trough in Kaijiang-Liangping.It is considered that the platform margin reef and platform marginal shoal are the most important reservoir facies belts,The main reservoir lithology is of grain dolomite,biological reef dolomite,and crystalline dolomite.The most effective reservoir spaces are intergranular solution pores,intercrystalline pores,and super solution pores.The composite reservoirs with holes and seams are the best reservoir type.Comprehensive analysis showed that the sedimentary diagenetic system of the Changxing Formation has agood coupling relationship with dolomite reservoir in time and space.The distribution of Changxing Formation dolomite reservoir is controlled by the platform margin reef and platform marginal shoal facies,and the contribution of different diagenetic system to reservoir is different.Among them,the formation sealing brine and mixed hot brine diagenetic system are the foundation and key for reservoir formation:the former is of TypeⅢ pores with low porosity and low permeability,and the latter is of TypeⅡ pores with middle porosity and permeability.The structural hydrothermal diagenesis system has the biggest contribution to the reservoir,which can form high quality Type I reservoirs.
引文
[1]李忠,韩登林,寿建峰.沉积盆地成岩作用系统及其时空属性[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2151-2164.Li Zhong,Han Denglin,Shou Jianfeng.Diagenesis Systems and Their Spatio-Temporal Attributes in Sedimentary Basins[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(8):2151-2164.
[2]李忠,刘嘉庆.沉积盆地成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题及趋向[J].地学前缘,2009,5(3):157-158.Li Zhong,Liu Jiaqing.Key Problems and Research Trend of Diagenetic Geodynamic Mechanism and Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Sedimentary Basins[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2009,5(3):157-158.
[3]文华国,宫博识,郑荣才,等.土库曼斯坦萨曼杰佩气田卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩沉积-成岩系统[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(4):991-1002.Wen Huaguo,Gong Boshi,Zheng Rongcai,et al.Deposition and Diagenetic System of Carbonate in Callovian-Oxfordian of Samandepe Gasfield,Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(4):991-1002.
[4]张兵.川东—渝北地区长兴组礁滩相储层综合研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010.Zhang Bing.Integrated Study on Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of the Changxing Formation in Eastern Sichuan-Northern Chongqing Area[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010.
[5]马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄.四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J].地质学报,2006,79(6):861-865.Ma Yongsheng,Cai Xunyu,Li Guoxiong.Basic Characteristics and Concentration of the Puguang Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,79(6):861-865.
[6]张水昌,朱光有,梁英波.四川盆地普光大型气田H2S及优质储层形成机理探讨[J].地质论评,2006,52(2):230-235.Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Guangyou,Liang Yingbo.Probe into Formation Mechanism of H2S and HighQuality Reservoirs of Puguang Large Gas Field in Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(2):230-235.
[7]倪新锋,陈洪德,田景春,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组沉积格局及成藏控制意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):458-465.Ni Xinfeng,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.Sedimentary Framework of Changxing-Feixianguan Formations and Its Control on Reservoiring in Northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(4):458-465.
[8]张兵,郑荣才,文华国,等.开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组礁滩相储层识别标志及其预测[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(2):273-284.Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Wen Huaguo,et al.Identification Sign and Prediction of Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of the Changxing Formation in the Eastern Kaijiang-Liangping Intraplatform Trough[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2009,15(2):273-284.
[9]胡忠贵,胡明毅,廖军,等.鄂西建南地区长兴组沉积相及生物礁沉积演化模式[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(7):980-990.Hu Zhonggui,Hu Mingyi,Liao Jun,et al.Sedimentary Facies and Evolution Model of Reef Deposition in Jiannan Area of Western Hubei[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(7):980-990.
[10]耿威,郑荣才,李爽,等.开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组礁、滩相储层特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(6):639-647.Geng Wei,Zheng Rongcai,Li Shuang,et al.Characteristics of Reservoirs of Upper Permian Changxing Formation in the Eastern KaijiangLiangping Intraplatform Trough in Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2008,35(6):639-647.
[11]吴熙纯,刘效曾,杨仲伦,等.川东上二叠统长兴组生物礁控储层的形成[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(3):283-297.Wu Xichun,Liu Xiaozeng,Yang Zhonglun,et al.Formation of Reef-Bound Reservoirs of Upper Permian Changxing Formation in Eastpart of Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1990,11(3):283-297.
[12]郭彤楼.元坝气田长兴组储层特征与形成主控因素研究[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2381-2391.Guo Tonglou.Reservoir Characteristics and Its Controlling Factors of the Changxing Formation Reservoir in the Yuanba Gas Field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(8):2381-2391.
[13]牟传龙,马永生,王瑞华,等.川东北地区上二叠统盘龙洞生物礁成岩作用研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(1/2):198-202.Mou Chuanlong,Ma Yongsheng,Wang Ruihua,et al.Diagenesis of the Upper Permian Panlongdong Organic Reefs in Northeastern Sichua[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(1/2):198-202.
[14]张兵,郑荣才,史建南,等.四川盆地东部长兴组礁滩相储层测井地质特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(1):17-25.Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Shi Jiannan,et al.Well Logging Geological Characteristics of Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of Changxing Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(1):17-25.
[15]孟万斌,武恒志,李国蓉,等.川北元坝地区长兴组白云石化作用机制及其对储层形成的影响[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):699-708.Meng Wanbin,Wu Hengzhi,Li Guorong,et al.Dolomitization Mechanisms and Influence on Reservoir Development in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation in Yuanba Area,Northern Sichuan Basin.[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(3):699-708.
[16]郑荣才,胡忠贵,冯青平,等.川东北地区长兴组白云岩储层的成因研究[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):78-84.Zheng Rongcai,Hu Zhonggui,Feng Qingping,et al.Genesis of Dolomite Reservoir of the Changxing Formation of Upper Permian,Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2007,27(4):78-84.
[17]陈琪,胡文瑄,李庆,等.川东北盘龙洞长兴组-飞仙关组白云岩化特征及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):84-93.Chen Qi,Hu Wenxuan,Li Qing,et al.Characteristics and Genesis of Dolomitization in Changxing and Feixianguan Formations in Panlongdong,Northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):84-93.
[18]Veizer J,Ala D,Azmy P,et al.87Sr/86Sr,13 C and 18 O Evolution of Phanerozoic Seawater[J].Chemical Geology,1999,161(1):59-88.
[19]Milliken K L.Diagenesis in Middletou GV Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks[M].London:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2003:214-219.
[20]Davies G R,Smith Jr L B.Structurally Controlled Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoir Facies:An Overview[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[21]郑荣才,耿威,郑超,等.川东北地区飞仙关组优质白云岩储层的成因[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):815-821.Zheng Rongcai,Geng Wei,Zheng Chao,et al.Genesis of Dolo-Stone Reservoir of Feixianguan Formation in Lower Triassic of Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(6):815-821.
[22]Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Wang Xuben,et al.Geo-chemical Characteristics and Diagenetic Systems of Dolomite Reservoirs of the Changxing Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Petroleum Science,2012,10(9):141-153.
[2]李忠,刘嘉庆.沉积盆地成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题及趋向[J].地学前缘,2009,5(3):157-158.Li Zhong,Liu Jiaqing.Key Problems and Research Trend of Diagenetic Geodynamic Mechanism and Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Sedimentary Basins[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2009,5(3):157-158.
[3]文华国,宫博识,郑荣才,等.土库曼斯坦萨曼杰佩气田卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩沉积-成岩系统[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(4):991-1002.Wen Huaguo,Gong Boshi,Zheng Rongcai,et al.Deposition and Diagenetic System of Carbonate in Callovian-Oxfordian of Samandepe Gasfield,Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(4):991-1002.
[4]张兵.川东—渝北地区长兴组礁滩相储层综合研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010.Zhang Bing.Integrated Study on Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of the Changxing Formation in Eastern Sichuan-Northern Chongqing Area[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010.
[5]马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄.四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J].地质学报,2006,79(6):861-865.Ma Yongsheng,Cai Xunyu,Li Guoxiong.Basic Characteristics and Concentration of the Puguang Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,79(6):861-865.
[6]张水昌,朱光有,梁英波.四川盆地普光大型气田H2S及优质储层形成机理探讨[J].地质论评,2006,52(2):230-235.Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Guangyou,Liang Yingbo.Probe into Formation Mechanism of H2S and HighQuality Reservoirs of Puguang Large Gas Field in Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(2):230-235.
[7]倪新锋,陈洪德,田景春,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组沉积格局及成藏控制意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):458-465.Ni Xinfeng,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.Sedimentary Framework of Changxing-Feixianguan Formations and Its Control on Reservoiring in Northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(4):458-465.
[8]张兵,郑荣才,文华国,等.开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组礁滩相储层识别标志及其预测[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(2):273-284.Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Wen Huaguo,et al.Identification Sign and Prediction of Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of the Changxing Formation in the Eastern Kaijiang-Liangping Intraplatform Trough[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2009,15(2):273-284.
[9]胡忠贵,胡明毅,廖军,等.鄂西建南地区长兴组沉积相及生物礁沉积演化模式[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(7):980-990.Hu Zhonggui,Hu Mingyi,Liao Jun,et al.Sedimentary Facies and Evolution Model of Reef Deposition in Jiannan Area of Western Hubei[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(7):980-990.
[10]耿威,郑荣才,李爽,等.开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组礁、滩相储层特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(6):639-647.Geng Wei,Zheng Rongcai,Li Shuang,et al.Characteristics of Reservoirs of Upper Permian Changxing Formation in the Eastern KaijiangLiangping Intraplatform Trough in Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2008,35(6):639-647.
[11]吴熙纯,刘效曾,杨仲伦,等.川东上二叠统长兴组生物礁控储层的形成[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(3):283-297.Wu Xichun,Liu Xiaozeng,Yang Zhonglun,et al.Formation of Reef-Bound Reservoirs of Upper Permian Changxing Formation in Eastpart of Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1990,11(3):283-297.
[12]郭彤楼.元坝气田长兴组储层特征与形成主控因素研究[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2381-2391.Guo Tonglou.Reservoir Characteristics and Its Controlling Factors of the Changxing Formation Reservoir in the Yuanba Gas Field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(8):2381-2391.
[13]牟传龙,马永生,王瑞华,等.川东北地区上二叠统盘龙洞生物礁成岩作用研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(1/2):198-202.Mou Chuanlong,Ma Yongsheng,Wang Ruihua,et al.Diagenesis of the Upper Permian Panlongdong Organic Reefs in Northeastern Sichua[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(1/2):198-202.
[14]张兵,郑荣才,史建南,等.四川盆地东部长兴组礁滩相储层测井地质特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(1):17-25.Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Shi Jiannan,et al.Well Logging Geological Characteristics of Reef and Shoal Facies Reservoir of Changxing Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(1):17-25.
[15]孟万斌,武恒志,李国蓉,等.川北元坝地区长兴组白云石化作用机制及其对储层形成的影响[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):699-708.Meng Wanbin,Wu Hengzhi,Li Guorong,et al.Dolomitization Mechanisms and Influence on Reservoir Development in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation in Yuanba Area,Northern Sichuan Basin.[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(3):699-708.
[16]郑荣才,胡忠贵,冯青平,等.川东北地区长兴组白云岩储层的成因研究[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):78-84.Zheng Rongcai,Hu Zhonggui,Feng Qingping,et al.Genesis of Dolomite Reservoir of the Changxing Formation of Upper Permian,Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2007,27(4):78-84.
[17]陈琪,胡文瑄,李庆,等.川东北盘龙洞长兴组-飞仙关组白云岩化特征及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):84-93.Chen Qi,Hu Wenxuan,Li Qing,et al.Characteristics and Genesis of Dolomitization in Changxing and Feixianguan Formations in Panlongdong,Northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):84-93.
[18]Veizer J,Ala D,Azmy P,et al.87Sr/86Sr,13 C and 18 O Evolution of Phanerozoic Seawater[J].Chemical Geology,1999,161(1):59-88.
[19]Milliken K L.Diagenesis in Middletou GV Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks[M].London:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2003:214-219.
[20]Davies G R,Smith Jr L B.Structurally Controlled Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoir Facies:An Overview[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[21]郑荣才,耿威,郑超,等.川东北地区飞仙关组优质白云岩储层的成因[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):815-821.Zheng Rongcai,Geng Wei,Zheng Chao,et al.Genesis of Dolo-Stone Reservoir of Feixianguan Formation in Lower Triassic of Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(6):815-821.
[22]Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Wang Xuben,et al.Geo-chemical Characteristics and Diagenetic Systems of Dolomite Reservoirs of the Changxing Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Petroleum Science,2012,10(9):141-153.