基于远程脉冲激光外差探测的匹配滤波过程研究
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摘要
以远程脉冲激光外差探测系统为模型,推导了系统的信号与噪声的表达式,给出了脉冲激光外差探测系统匹配滤波算法流程,对匹配滤波技术在中程导弹与国际空间站目标探测中的详细应用过程进行了仿真,分析了目标距离、散射截面面积、数字采样率对探测能力的影响。仿真结果表明:在100 MHz采样率的数字处理能力下,分别用蒙特卡罗法仿真了500次匹配滤波过程,对于散射截面面积为5m2、距离为100km的中程导弹,回波信号载噪比为3.29dB,匹配滤波后信号载噪比为25.13dB,信号强度增强了152倍,距离精度为27 m,速度精度为0.17m/s;对于散射截面面积为100m2、距离为500km的国际空间站,回波信号载噪比为-6.12dB,匹配滤波后信号载噪比为18.49dB,信号强度增强了289倍,距离精度为117m,速度精度为2.1m/s。目标距离越小,散射截面面积越大,数字采样率越高,匹配滤波提取增强信号的能力越强。
Based on the long-range pulsed laser heterodyne detection system,the expression of signal and noise of the system is deduced.The matched filtering algorithm processing of the pulsed laser heterodyne detection system is given.The detailed application process of matched filtering technique in target detection of medium-range missiles and international space station is simulated.The influence of the target range,the scattering cross section area and the digital sampling rate on the detection capability is analyzed.The simulation results show that,under the digital processing capability of 100 MHz sampling rate,the Monte Carlo simulation of 500 matching filtering process is carried out.For the medium-range missile with the scattering cross section area of 5 m2 and the distance of 100 km,the carrier-to-noise ratio of echo signal is 3.29 dB,the carrier-to-noise ratio of echo signal after matched filtering is25.13 dB,the signal strength increases 152 times,the range accuracy is 27 m and the range rate accuracy is0.17 m/s.For the international space station with the scattering cross section area of 100 m2 and the distance of500 km,the carrier-to-noise ratio of the echo signal is-6.12 dB,the carrier-to-noise ratio of the echo signal after matched filtering is 18.49 dB,the signal strength increases 289 times,the range accuracy is 117 mand the range rate accuracy is 2.1 m/s.The smaller the target range is,the larger the radar cross section area is,and the higher the digital sampling rate is,the stronger the ability of the matched filtering to extract and enhance the signal is.
Based on the long-range pulsed laser heterodyne detection system,the expression of signal and noise of the system is deduced.The matched filtering algorithm processing of the pulsed laser heterodyne detection system is given.The detailed application process of matched filtering technique in target detection of medium-range missiles and international space station is simulated.The influence of the target range,the scattering cross section area and the digital sampling rate on the detection capability is analyzed.The simulation results show that,under the digital processing capability of 100 MHz sampling rate,the Monte Carlo simulation of 500 matching filtering process is carried out.For the medium-range missile with the scattering cross section area of 5 m2 and the distance of 100 km,the carrier-to-noise ratio of echo signal is 3.29 dB,the carrier-to-noise ratio of echo signal after matched filtering is25.13 dB,the signal strength increases 152 times,the range accuracy is 27 m and the range rate accuracy is0.17 m/s.For the international space station with the scattering cross section area of 100 m2 and the distance of500 km,the carrier-to-noise ratio of the echo signal is-6.12 dB,the carrier-to-noise ratio of the echo signal after matched filtering is 18.49 dB,the signal strength increases 289 times,the range accuracy is 117 mand the range rate accuracy is 2.1 m/s.The smaller the target range is,the larger the radar cross section area is,and the higher the digital sampling rate is,the stronger the ability of the matched filtering to extract and enhance the signal is.
引文
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[2]Hasson V H,Corbett F J,Kovacs M A,et al.Acquisition,tracking,and sizing of small space objects[C].SPIE,2000,4065:274-285.
[3]Ren Y X,Dang A H,Liu L,et al.Heterodyne efficiency of a coherent free-space optical communication model through atmospheric turbulence[J].Applied Optics,2012,51(30):7246-7254.
[4]Matson C L,Holland D E,Czyzak S R,et al.Heterodyne laser radar for space-object imaging:results from recent field experiments[C].SPIE,1995,2580:288-295.
[5]Zhang H Y,Liu L S,Zhao S,et al.Analysis of signal to noise ratio for laser heterodyne with weak local oscillator based on multi-pixel photon counter[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(3):0308008.张合勇,刘立生,赵帅,等.基于多像素光子计数器的弱本振激光外差信噪比分析[J].中国激光,2013,40(3):0308008.
[6]Luo H Y,Xiong W,Shi H L,et al.Study for signalto-noise ratio of spatial heterodyne spectrometer[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(6):0612001.罗海燕,熊伟,施海亮,等.空间外差干涉光谱仪信噪比研究[J].光学学报,2017,37(6):0612001.
[7]Pang Y J,Gao L,Wang C H.Analysis of IQ demodulation and signal noise ratio for 2μm dualbalanced heterodyne detection[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(1):0114001.庞亚军,高龙,王春晖.2μm双平衡式外差探测IQ解调与信噪比研究[J].中国激光,2012,39(1):0114001.
[8]Mosley D E,Matson C L,Czyzak S R.Active imaging of space objects using the HI-CLASS(high performance CO2 ladar surveillance sensor)laser system[C].SPIE,1997,3065:52-60.
[9]Konkola P,Crandall C,Lercari R,et al.Pushing the envelope:HI-CLASS range and range-rate[C].The Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference,2006:E29.
[10]Kovacs M A,Dryden G L,Pohle R H,et al.HICLASS on AEOS:a large-aperture laser radar for space surveillance/situational awareness investigations[C].SPIE,2001,4490:298-306.
[11]Tanaka K,Saga N.Maximum heterodyne efficiency of optical heterodyne detection in the presence of background radiation[J].Applied Optics,1984,23(21):3901-3904.
[12]Li Y Q,Li Z L,Fu H L,et al.Experimentation of diffuse reflection laser ranging of space debris[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(9):0908001.李语强,李祝莲,伏红林,等.空间碎片漫反射激光测距试验[J].中国激光,2011,38(9):0908001.