车前属2种植物的性状与微性状特征研究

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	英文篇名：A Study of Characters and Micro Characters of Two Species of Plantago Plants 作者：李君玲 英文作者：LI Jun-ling;Yichun University; 关键词：车前 ; 北美车前 ; 微性状 ; 性状 英文关键词：Plantain;;Plantago asiatica;;micro characters;;characters 中文刊名：YCSB 英文刊名：Journal of Yichun University 机构：宜春学院; 出版日期：2017-09-25 出版单位：宜春学院学报 年：2017 期：v.39;No.262 语种：中文; 页：YCSB201709005 页数：4 CN：09 ISSN：36-1250/Z 分类号：18-21

摘要

目的:研究车前与同属植物北美车前的性状与微性状特征。方法:采用数码相机、数码显微镜观察2种车前属植物叶、花序梗、苞片、萼片、种子的性状与微性状特征。结果:车前叶形为宽卵形或宽椭圆形,北美车前的叶形为倒披针形至倒卵状披针形,因此从叶形上可实现2种车前的快速鉴别。车前叶、叶柄、花序轴、花萼、苞片少有或无毛,而北美车前叶、叶柄、花序轴、花萼、苞片则具众多、长的白色毛茸,从腺毛的有无、多少、长短亦可实现2种车前的快速、准确的鉴别。结论:对于新鲜原植物鉴别,车前与北美车前可通过性状鉴别特征的快速区分;对于车前草药材和饮片,可通过微性状特征进行快速、准确的鉴别。
        Objective: To study the characters and micro characters of Plantain and plantago virginica. Methods:The characters and micro characters of leaf,peduncle,bract,sepal,seed in 2 species of Plantago were observed by a digital camera and a digital microscope. Results: The leaves of plantain are broadly ovate or broadly elliptic,and the leaves of the plantago virginica are inverted lanceolate to obovate lanceolate. The rapid identification of two species of Plantago Plants can be achieved from the leaf shape. The Plantain leaves, petioles, rachis, calyx,bracts are glabrous or have rarely nonglandular hair,and the plantago virginica leaves,petioles,rachis,calyx,bracts with more and longer hair white. We can identift the two species of Plantago Plants with the number and the length of glandular hairs rapidly and accurately. Conclusion: We can quickly distinguish the fresh plantain and the plantago virginica by Character identification. We can made identification of Crude Drug and Cut Crude Drug of Plantago asiatica by means of micro characters.

引文

[1]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典(2015年版,一部)[M].2015:69.
    [2]中国科学院《中国植物志》编委会.FRPS《中国植物志》全文电子版网站[EB/OL].http://frps.eflora.cn/,http://frps.eflora.cn/frps?id=%E8%BD%A6%E5%89%8D,http://frps.eflora.cn/frps?id=%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E8%BD%A6%E5%89%8D.