柿庄北区块深部煤层气产能特征及影响因素分析
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摘要
为了解决沁水盆地南部1 000 m以深的煤层气产量普遍较低的问题,以柿庄北区块为研究重点,采用对生产数据综合分析的方法,对深部煤层产气特征、排采变化规律、不同产量的典型井生产动态进行了研究,提出了深部煤层气产能的关键影响因素。研究结果表明:深部煤层气日产气量多小于500 m3,见气时间为16~178 d,单排3号煤层的井动液面较低,合排3号煤和15号煤的动液面较高,井底流压1.70~2.59 MPa;影响产能的因素包括地质、工程技术以及排采3个方面,地质因素主要为煤储层渗透率较低、3号煤与15号煤合采或部分井距断层较近导致产水量较大,工程因素主要是部分井压裂未形成有效通道导致甲烷气体无法渗流,排采因素主要是指排采过程中停机频繁等导致排采不连续影响产气量。
In order to solve a problem of a low coalbed methane production from a depth below 1 000 m in the south part of Qinshui Basin,based on the southeast edge of Qinshui Basin and with north Shizhuang Block as the study key point,a comprehensive analysis method of the production data was applied to the study on the gas production features of deep seam,the gas drainage variation law and the production dynamics of the typical mines with different production. The key influence factors of deep seam production capacity were provided. The study results showed that the daily gas production volume of deep seam was less than 500 m3. The time of the gas appearance was 16 ~178 days. The moving liquid level of the single raw wells in No. 3 seam was low and moving liquid level of combined raw wells in No. 3 and No. 15 seam was high. The flow pressure at the well bottom was 1.70 ~ 2.59 MPa. The factors affected to the production capacity would be including the geological condition,engineering technical condition and other drainage aspects. The geological factor mainly was the low permeability of the coal reservoir. The joint mining of No. 3 seam and No. 15 seam and some wells with a short distance to the fault could cause a high water production. The factors of engineering technical condition mainly would be that fracturing of the some wells could not form effective channels and the methane gas could not be discharged. The drainage factor mainly meant that in the drainage process,the frequent shutdown and others could cause the discontinued drainage affected to the gas production volume.
In order to solve a problem of a low coalbed methane production from a depth below 1 000 m in the south part of Qinshui Basin,based on the southeast edge of Qinshui Basin and with north Shizhuang Block as the study key point,a comprehensive analysis method of the production data was applied to the study on the gas production features of deep seam,the gas drainage variation law and the production dynamics of the typical mines with different production. The key influence factors of deep seam production capacity were provided. The study results showed that the daily gas production volume of deep seam was less than 500 m3. The time of the gas appearance was 16 ~178 days. The moving liquid level of the single raw wells in No. 3 seam was low and moving liquid level of combined raw wells in No. 3 and No. 15 seam was high. The flow pressure at the well bottom was 1.70 ~ 2.59 MPa. The factors affected to the production capacity would be including the geological condition,engineering technical condition and other drainage aspects. The geological factor mainly was the low permeability of the coal reservoir. The joint mining of No. 3 seam and No. 15 seam and some wells with a short distance to the fault could cause a high water production. The factors of engineering technical condition mainly would be that fracturing of the some wells could not form effective channels and the methane gas could not be discharged. The drainage factor mainly meant that in the drainage process,the frequent shutdown and others could cause the discontinued drainage affected to the gas production volume.
引文
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[14]王兴隆,赵益忠,吴桐.沁南高煤阶煤层气井排采机理与生产特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,7(5):19-27.WANG Xinglong,ZHAO Yizhong,WU Tong.Analysis of typical production mechanism and characteristics of coalbed methane wells for high rank coal in south Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,7(5):19-27.
[15]郭广山,柳迎红,吕玉民.中国深部煤层气勘探开发前景初探[J].洁净煤技术,2015,21(1):125-128.GUO Guangshan,LIU Yinghong,LYU Yumin.Preliminary exploration and development prospects on deep coalbed methane in China[J].Clean Coal Technology,2015,21(1):125-128.
[16]王存武,柳迎红,梁建设,等.沁水盆地南部柿庄北地区煤层气勘探潜力研究[J].中国煤层气,2014,11(3):2-6.WANG Cunwu,LIU Yinghong,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Study on the exploration potential of North Shizhuang Block in south Qinshui Basin[J].China Coalbed Methane,2014,11(3):2-6.
[17]张培河,刘钰辉,王正喜,等.基于生产数据分析的沁水盆地南部煤层气井产能控制地质因素研究[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(5):909-914.ZHANG Peihe,LIU Yuhui,WANG Zhengxi,et al.Geological factors of production control of CBM well in south Qinshui Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):909-914.
[18]孟召平,田永东,李国富.沁水盆地南部煤储层渗透性与地应力之间关系和控制机理[J].自然科学进展,2009,19(10):1142-1148.MENG Zhaoping,TIAN Yongdong,LI Guofu.The relationship between permeability and ground stress in coal seam and control mechanism in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Progress in Natural Science,2009,19(10):1142-1148.
[19]邢力仁,柳迎红,王存武,等.柿庄南区块断层发育特征及对煤层气井产能的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(9):25-31.XING Liren,LIU Yinghong,WANG Cunwu,et al.Influences of development characteristics of faults on coalbed methane well productivity in southern Shizhuang Block[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(9):25-31.
[20]杨国桥,唐书恒,李忠城,等.柿庄南区块煤层气高产井排采制度分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):176-181.YANG Guoqiao,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.Analysis on drainage system of coalbed methane high production well in south block of Shizhuang[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):176-181.
[21]张卫东,谭雷川,任建华,等.排采连续性对煤层气产能的影响分析[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(12):29-31.ZHANG Weidong,TAN Leichuan,REN Jianhua.Effects of drainage continuity on productivity of fractured CBM wells[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(12):29-31.
[2]张守仁.深煤层煤层气开发有效途径展望[J].中国煤层气,2011,8(4):18-21.ZHANG Shouren.Proposed effective developing method for the deep coalbed methane[J].China Coalbed Methane,2011,8(4):18-21.
[3]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2803-2812.HE Manchao,XIE Heping,PENG Suping,et al.Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2803-2812.
[4]李化敏,付凯.煤矿深部开采面临的主要技术问题及对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4):468-471.LI Huamin,FU Kai.Some major technical problems and countermeasures for deep mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2006,23(4):468-471.
[5]陶树,汤达祯,许浩,等.沁南煤层气井产能影响因素分析及开发建议[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):194-198.TAO Shu,TANG Dazhen,XU Hao,et al.Analysis on influence factors of coalbed methane wells productivity and development proposals in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):194-198.
[6]赵家攀,张永琪,张帅,等.煤体结构对煤层气井产能的影响及其对策[J].中国煤层气,2017,14(2):9-12.ZHAO Jiapan,ZHANG Yongqi,ZHANG Shuai,et al.Effect of coal body structures on CBM well’s production and solution[J].China Coalbed Methane,2017,14(2):9-12.
[7]贾宗文,刘书杰,耿亚楠,等.柿庄区块钻完井工程对煤层气井产能的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(12):182-188.JIA Zongwen,LIU Shujie,GENG Yanan,et al.Study on well drilling and completion engineering affected to production of coalbed methane well in Shizhuang Block[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(12):182-188.
[8]李拯宇,崔兆帮,刘刚.沁水盆地南部煤层气丛式井产能主控因素分析[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(4):133-135.LI Zhengyu,CUI Zhaobang,LIU Gang.Main control factor research of capacity of CBM cluster wells in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(4):133-135.
[9]吴财芳,秦勇,傅雪海,等.山西沁水盆地煤层气成藏的微观动力能条件研究[J].现代地质,2005,19(3):449-453.WU Caifang,QIN Yong,FU Xuehai,et al.Microcosmic dynamical energies of coalbed gas reservoir formation of Qinshui Basin,Shanxi Province[J].Geoscience,2005,19(3):449-453.
[10]孙强,孙建平,张健,等.沁水盆地南部柿庄南区块煤层气地质特征[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(6):9-12.SUN Qiang,SUN Jianping,ZHANG Jian,et al.CBM geological characteristics in south Shizhuang Block,Southern Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Geology of China,2010,22(6):9-12.
[11]叶建平,张兵,SAM Wong.山西沁水盆地柿庄北区块3号煤层注入埋藏CO2提高煤层气采收率试验和评价[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(2):38-44.YE Jianping,ZHANG Bing,SAM Wong.Test of and evaluation on elevation of coalbed methane recovery ratio by injecting and burying CO2for No.3 coal seam of north section of Shizhuang,Qinshui Basin,Shanxi[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(2):38-44.
[12]黄晓明,孙强,闫冰夷,等.山西沁水盆地柿庄北地区煤层气潜力[J].中国煤层气,2010,7(5):3-9.HUANG Xiaoming,SUN Qiang,YAN Bingyi,et al.Coalbed methane potential of northern Shizhuang block in Qinshui Basin,Shanxi[J].China Coalbed Methane,2010,7(5):3-9.
[13]陆小霞,黄文辉,敖卫华,等.沁水盆地南部3号与15号煤层产气量差异因素[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(3):30-35.LU Xiaoxia,HUANG Wenhui,AO Weihua,et al.The factors of yield differences between No.3 and No.15 coal seams in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(3):30-35.
[14]王兴隆,赵益忠,吴桐.沁南高煤阶煤层气井排采机理与生产特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,7(5):19-27.WANG Xinglong,ZHAO Yizhong,WU Tong.Analysis of typical production mechanism and characteristics of coalbed methane wells for high rank coal in south Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,7(5):19-27.
[15]郭广山,柳迎红,吕玉民.中国深部煤层气勘探开发前景初探[J].洁净煤技术,2015,21(1):125-128.GUO Guangshan,LIU Yinghong,LYU Yumin.Preliminary exploration and development prospects on deep coalbed methane in China[J].Clean Coal Technology,2015,21(1):125-128.
[16]王存武,柳迎红,梁建设,等.沁水盆地南部柿庄北地区煤层气勘探潜力研究[J].中国煤层气,2014,11(3):2-6.WANG Cunwu,LIU Yinghong,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Study on the exploration potential of North Shizhuang Block in south Qinshui Basin[J].China Coalbed Methane,2014,11(3):2-6.
[17]张培河,刘钰辉,王正喜,等.基于生产数据分析的沁水盆地南部煤层气井产能控制地质因素研究[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(5):909-914.ZHANG Peihe,LIU Yuhui,WANG Zhengxi,et al.Geological factors of production control of CBM well in south Qinshui Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):909-914.
[18]孟召平,田永东,李国富.沁水盆地南部煤储层渗透性与地应力之间关系和控制机理[J].自然科学进展,2009,19(10):1142-1148.MENG Zhaoping,TIAN Yongdong,LI Guofu.The relationship between permeability and ground stress in coal seam and control mechanism in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Progress in Natural Science,2009,19(10):1142-1148.
[19]邢力仁,柳迎红,王存武,等.柿庄南区块断层发育特征及对煤层气井产能的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(9):25-31.XING Liren,LIU Yinghong,WANG Cunwu,et al.Influences of development characteristics of faults on coalbed methane well productivity in southern Shizhuang Block[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(9):25-31.
[20]杨国桥,唐书恒,李忠城,等.柿庄南区块煤层气高产井排采制度分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):176-181.YANG Guoqiao,TANG Shuheng,LI Zhongcheng,et al.Analysis on drainage system of coalbed methane high production well in south block of Shizhuang[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):176-181.
[21]张卫东,谭雷川,任建华,等.排采连续性对煤层气产能的影响分析[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(12):29-31.ZHANG Weidong,TAN Leichuan,REN Jianhua.Effects of drainage continuity on productivity of fractured CBM wells[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(12):29-31.