光纤温压法实现油井动液面的实时监测
|
摘要
针对油井动液面不能实时监测的问题,采用一种将压力测量和温度剖面测量相结合的方法对油井动液面进行实时监测。设计了基于偏心推杆结构的光纤压力计,采用多模光纤测量温度剖面,根据温度剖面上的拐点确定动液面初始位置,通过初始压强及动液面初始位置计算井中液体密度,之后仅利用压力计随后测得的数据即可求出动液面的实时位置。实验结果表明,光纤压力计有很好的线性度和重复性,其线性度为0. 999,压力灵敏度达到230. 9 pm/MPa,满足井下压力测量要求,同时多模光纤所测温度剖面拐点明显,易于读取,将两种方法结合可对油井动液面数据进行实时准确的监测。
Real-time monitoring of dynamic liquid-level of oil-well is very important in oilfield. A novel method combining pressure measurement and temperature profile measurement is proposed in this paper to measure dynamic liquid-level of oil-well in real-time. A fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor based on an eccentric-pushrod structure is used to measure downhole pressure,and the multimode fiber is used to measure temperature profile. The initial position of the dynamic liquid-level can be determined by the inflection point of the temperature profile. The density of the liquid in the well is calculated from the initial pressure and the initial position of dynamic liquid-level. Base on this data,the real-time position of the dynamic liquid-level can be obtained only by using the pressure data.Experimental results show that the method that the fiber Bragg grating sensor has a good linearity and repeatability,the sensitivity of the sensor can reach 230. 9 pm/MPa wich meets the requirements of downhole pressure measurement,and the inflection point of the temperature profile measured by multimode fiber is obvious and easy to read. The combination of the two measurements methods can be used for real-time and accurate monitoring of oil well liquid level data.
Real-time monitoring of dynamic liquid-level of oil-well is very important in oilfield. A novel method combining pressure measurement and temperature profile measurement is proposed in this paper to measure dynamic liquid-level of oil-well in real-time. A fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor based on an eccentric-pushrod structure is used to measure downhole pressure,and the multimode fiber is used to measure temperature profile. The initial position of the dynamic liquid-level can be determined by the inflection point of the temperature profile. The density of the liquid in the well is calculated from the initial pressure and the initial position of dynamic liquid-level. Base on this data,the real-time position of the dynamic liquid-level can be obtained only by using the pressure data.Experimental results show that the method that the fiber Bragg grating sensor has a good linearity and repeatability,the sensitivity of the sensor can reach 230. 9 pm/MPa wich meets the requirements of downhole pressure measurement,and the inflection point of the temperature profile measured by multimode fiber is obvious and easy to read. The combination of the two measurements methods can be used for real-time and accurate monitoring of oil well liquid level data.
引文
[1]王海文,林立星,杜中卫,等.基于谱减算法的声波法测油井动液面的信号处理[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(1):118
[2]林立星.声波法测油井动液面信号辨识技术研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011:3-71.
[3]吕思平.油井动液面测量系统的研制[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011:2-49.
[4]杨少鹏.基于光纤传感的生产井动液面实时检测技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013:2-44.
[5]闫贵堂.动液面连续监测技术在间抽油井上的应用[J].石油工程建设,2012,38(5):61-62+80.
[6]周伟,贾威,郭小渝,等.基于管柱声场模型的油井动液面检测新方法[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(4):166-172.
[7]张自嘉.光纤光栅理论基础与传感技术[M].北京,科学出版社,2009:5-131.
[8] OTHONOS A. Fiber Bragg gratings[J]. Review of Scientific Instrument,1997,68(12):4309-4341.
[9] KERSEY A D et al. Fiber Grating Sensors[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1997,15(8):1442-1463.
[10]沈涛,胡超,唐邈,等.直通式薄膜型光纤电流互感器[J].哈尔滨理工大学,2014,19(3):46-56.
[11] LIU B et al. A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Accelerometer[J]. Chinese Jornal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(1):42-44.
[12] OTHONOS A. Fiber Bragg Gratings:Fundamentals and Applications in Telecommunications and Sensing[M]. London,Artech House,1999:1-423.
[13]何俊,董惠娟,周智,等.一种适合工程应用的新型光纤光栅位移传感器[J].哈尔滨理工大学,2010,15(5):61-64.
[14]章立滨,杨军,刘志海,等.单索面斜拉桥模型钢索载荷应变的光纤传感测量方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2000,21(3):86-89.
[15]任亮.光纤光栅传感技术在结构健康监测中的应用[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008:3-10.
[16] GUO M J,LIANG L. A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Pressure Sensor with the Smart Metal Structure Based on the Planar Diaphragm[J]. Proceeding of SPIE,2010,7659:76590O.
[17] PACHAVA V R,KAMINENI S,MADHUVARASU S S,et al.Fiber Bragg Grating-based Hydraulic Pressure Sensor with Enhanced Resolution[J]. Optical Engineering, 2015, 54(9):096104.
[18]刘云鹏,李岩松,黄石龙,等.基于光纤传输的气体绝缘开关设备局部放电超声波监测系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):186-191.
[19]吴巧巧,周志强,陈文,等.油纸绝缘系统局放光纤传感监测方法[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2016,21(4):96-100.
[20] XIN S J,CHAI W. Study on Encapsulating Method of FBG Temperature Sensor[J]. Journal of Transducer Technology,2004,23(4):10-12.
[21] XU M G,REEKIE L,Chow Y T et al. Optical in-fiber Grating High Pres-sure Sensor[J]. Electronics Letters,1993,29(4):398-399.
[2]林立星.声波法测油井动液面信号辨识技术研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011:3-71.
[3]吕思平.油井动液面测量系统的研制[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011:2-49.
[4]杨少鹏.基于光纤传感的生产井动液面实时检测技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013:2-44.
[5]闫贵堂.动液面连续监测技术在间抽油井上的应用[J].石油工程建设,2012,38(5):61-62+80.
[6]周伟,贾威,郭小渝,等.基于管柱声场模型的油井动液面检测新方法[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(4):166-172.
[7]张自嘉.光纤光栅理论基础与传感技术[M].北京,科学出版社,2009:5-131.
[8] OTHONOS A. Fiber Bragg gratings[J]. Review of Scientific Instrument,1997,68(12):4309-4341.
[9] KERSEY A D et al. Fiber Grating Sensors[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1997,15(8):1442-1463.
[10]沈涛,胡超,唐邈,等.直通式薄膜型光纤电流互感器[J].哈尔滨理工大学,2014,19(3):46-56.
[11] LIU B et al. A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Accelerometer[J]. Chinese Jornal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(1):42-44.
[12] OTHONOS A. Fiber Bragg Gratings:Fundamentals and Applications in Telecommunications and Sensing[M]. London,Artech House,1999:1-423.
[13]何俊,董惠娟,周智,等.一种适合工程应用的新型光纤光栅位移传感器[J].哈尔滨理工大学,2010,15(5):61-64.
[14]章立滨,杨军,刘志海,等.单索面斜拉桥模型钢索载荷应变的光纤传感测量方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2000,21(3):86-89.
[15]任亮.光纤光栅传感技术在结构健康监测中的应用[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008:3-10.
[16] GUO M J,LIANG L. A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Pressure Sensor with the Smart Metal Structure Based on the Planar Diaphragm[J]. Proceeding of SPIE,2010,7659:76590O.
[17] PACHAVA V R,KAMINENI S,MADHUVARASU S S,et al.Fiber Bragg Grating-based Hydraulic Pressure Sensor with Enhanced Resolution[J]. Optical Engineering, 2015, 54(9):096104.
[18]刘云鹏,李岩松,黄石龙,等.基于光纤传输的气体绝缘开关设备局部放电超声波监测系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):186-191.
[19]吴巧巧,周志强,陈文,等.油纸绝缘系统局放光纤传感监测方法[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2016,21(4):96-100.
[20] XIN S J,CHAI W. Study on Encapsulating Method of FBG Temperature Sensor[J]. Journal of Transducer Technology,2004,23(4):10-12.
[21] XU M G,REEKIE L,Chow Y T et al. Optical in-fiber Grating High Pres-sure Sensor[J]. Electronics Letters,1993,29(4):398-399.