热射病大鼠CatWalk运动行为学研究
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摘要
目的应用Cat Walk步态分析系统对热射病(heat stroke,HS)大鼠进行阶段性运动行为学检测,探讨HS引起的运动行为学改变。方法取成年清洁级雄性SD大鼠于(25.0±0.5)℃下进行步态行为学训练1周,后以1%戊巴比妥钠(4 ml/kg)经腹腔注射麻醉,将大鼠置于温、湿度控制箱中热暴露,使大鼠核心体温>40℃、平均动脉压降至90 mm Hg左右,HS大鼠造模成功。将造模成功大鼠10只作为HS模型组;取10只麻醉后仅行股动脉插管并置于(22.0±0.5)℃、湿度25%的环境中,维持核心体温(34±1)℃,作为手术对照组;取10只麻醉后大鼠仅置于上述温湿度环境中,作为正常对照组。分别于1、7、21 d后对3组大鼠进行Cat Walk步态运动学检测。结果与正常对照组及手术对照组相比,造模后第1日,HS模型组前肢步宽明显增加,支撑时相-右前、右前摆动时长明显延长,瞬时速度-右后明显减慢,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);造模后第7日,HS模型组左前制动时长、右后制动时长明显延长,左后足迹平均面积明显增加,左侧步基、右前相对于右后同侧协调性、左后足迹平均强度明显减低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);造模后第21日,HS模型组支撑时相-左前、支撑时相-右前延长,左后制动指数、右后足迹平均面积明显增加,右后相对于左前对侧协调性、右前相对于左前同侧协调性、左后推进指数、左前推进指数明显减低,摆动时相-左前、摆动时相-右前缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小脑是HS中枢神经系统损害的易发与主要区域,并且可能存在持久性的神经功能缺失。
Objective To use the Cat Walk automated gait analysis system to detect the phased movement behavior of heat stroke( HS) rats,to discuss the movement behavioral changes after heat stroke and its possible mechanisms. Methods Adult male SD rats of pathogen-free gait underwent behavior training for a week in( 25. 0 ± 0. 5) ℃,then the rats were given anesthesia with 1% pentobarbital sodium( 4 ml / kg) via intraperitoneal injection. HS model group: the rats were put in a temperature and humidity control box,when the core body temperature of rats was higher than 40℃,mean arterial pressure dropped to around 90 mm Hg,HS model was established successfully,10 successful models were selected. For surgery control group: 10 anesthetized rats were put in( 22. 0 ± 0. 5) ℃ and 25% humidity environment after intubation into femoral artery,core body temperature was kept at( 34 ± 1) ℃. For normal control group: 10 anesthetized rats were put in the above-mentioned environment without any intervention. The gait motion was assessed using Cat Walk system on D1,D7 and D27 respectively after model establishment in every group. Results Compared to that of the surgery control group and normal control group,on the first day after modeling,in HS model group,forelimb step width was increased,support phase- right front,the swinging time of right front were significantly prolonged,instantaneous velocity-right rear was significantly slowed down,the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01); on the seventh day after modeling,in HS model group,the braking time of left front / right rear was prolonged significantly,the average area of the left rear footprints was increased significantly,step base on the left side,the homolateral coordination of right front footprint were related to the right rear footprint,the average intensity of the left rear footprints was decreased significantly,and the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01); on the twenty-first day after modeling,in HS model group,the homologous coordination of right front footprint was related to the left front footprint,support phase-left front / right front was prolonged,left rear brake index,the average area of right rear footprints were increased significantly,the contralateral coordination of right rear footprint was related to the left front footprint,swing phase-left front / right front,the advancing index of left rear / left front,the braking index of the left rear were decreased significantly,the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The cerebellum is the risk factor and main area of the central nervous system in HS,and there may be a persistent neural functional deficiency.
Objective To use the Cat Walk automated gait analysis system to detect the phased movement behavior of heat stroke( HS) rats,to discuss the movement behavioral changes after heat stroke and its possible mechanisms. Methods Adult male SD rats of pathogen-free gait underwent behavior training for a week in( 25. 0 ± 0. 5) ℃,then the rats were given anesthesia with 1% pentobarbital sodium( 4 ml / kg) via intraperitoneal injection. HS model group: the rats were put in a temperature and humidity control box,when the core body temperature of rats was higher than 40℃,mean arterial pressure dropped to around 90 mm Hg,HS model was established successfully,10 successful models were selected. For surgery control group: 10 anesthetized rats were put in( 22. 0 ± 0. 5) ℃ and 25% humidity environment after intubation into femoral artery,core body temperature was kept at( 34 ± 1) ℃. For normal control group: 10 anesthetized rats were put in the above-mentioned environment without any intervention. The gait motion was assessed using Cat Walk system on D1,D7 and D27 respectively after model establishment in every group. Results Compared to that of the surgery control group and normal control group,on the first day after modeling,in HS model group,forelimb step width was increased,support phase- right front,the swinging time of right front were significantly prolonged,instantaneous velocity-right rear was significantly slowed down,the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01); on the seventh day after modeling,in HS model group,the braking time of left front / right rear was prolonged significantly,the average area of the left rear footprints was increased significantly,step base on the left side,the homolateral coordination of right front footprint were related to the right rear footprint,the average intensity of the left rear footprints was decreased significantly,and the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01); on the twenty-first day after modeling,in HS model group,the homologous coordination of right front footprint was related to the left front footprint,support phase-left front / right front was prolonged,left rear brake index,the average area of right rear footprints were increased significantly,the contralateral coordination of right rear footprint was related to the left front footprint,swing phase-left front / right front,the advancing index of left rear / left front,the braking index of the left rear were decreased significantly,the results showed significant difference among different groups( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The cerebellum is the risk factor and main area of the central nervous system in HS,and there may be a persistent neural functional deficiency.
引文
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[11]Huang Y P,Lin M T,Chen J S,et al.Naltrexone protects against hypotension,hyperthermia,and beta-endorphin overproduction during heatstroke in the rat[J].J Pharmacol Sci,2005,97(4):519-524.
[12]Bouchama A.The 2003 European heat wave[J].Intensive Care Med,2004,30(1):1-3.
[13]Yeo T P.Heat stroke:a comprehensive review[J].AACN Clin Issues,2004,15(2):280-293.
[14]Dematte J E,O'Mara K,Buescher J,et al.Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago[J].Ann Intern Med,1998,129(3):173-181.
[15]Fuse A,Yamashiro K,Oji Y,et al.Reversible focal cerebral cortical lesions in a patient with heat stroke[J].Intern Med,2013,52(3):377-380.
[16]Zhang X Y,Li J.Susceptibility-weighted imaging in heat stroke[J].PLo S One,2014,9(8):e105247.
[17]Murcia-Gubianas C,Valls-Masot L,Rognoni-Amrein G.Brain magnetic resonance imaging in heat stroke[J].Med Intensiva,2012,36(7):526.
[18]Jiang Q,Yang X,Liu K,et al.Hyperthermia impaired human visual short-term memory:an f MRI study[J].Int J Hyperthermia,2013,29(3):219-224.
[19]Glazer J L.Management of heatstroke and heat exhaustion[J].Am Fam Physician,2005,71(11):2133-2140.
[2]Bouchama A,Knochel J P.Heat Stroke[J].N Engl J Med,2002,346(25):1978-1988.
[3]Chatterjee S,Premachandran S,Shukla J,et al.Synergistic therapeutic potential of dexamethasone and L-arginine in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock[J].J Surg Res,2007,140(1):99-108.
[4]Vandeputte C,Taymans J M,Casteels C,et al.Automated quantitative gait analysis in animal models of movement disorders[J].BMC Neurosci,2010,11:92.
[5]Hendriks W T,Eggers R,Ruitenberg M J,et al.Profound differences in spontaneous long-term functional recovery after defined spinal tract lesions in the rat[J].J Neurotrauma,2006,23(1):18-35.
[6]Neumann M,Wang Y,Kim S,et al.Assessing gait impairment following experimental traumatic brain injury in mice[J].J Neurosci Methods,2009,176(1):34-44.
[7]Vlamings R,Visser-Vandewalle V,Koopmans G,et al.High frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus improves speed of locomotion but impairs forelimb movement in Parkinsonian rats[J].Neuroscience,2007,148(3):815-823.
[8]Chuang C S,Su H L,Cheng F C,et al.Quantitative evaluation of motor function before and after engraftment of dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease[J].J Biomed Sci,2010,17:9
[9]Shen K H,Chang C K,Lin M T,et al.Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist restores homestatic function and limits multiorgan damage in heatstroke[J].Eur J Appl Physiol,2008,103(5):561-568.
[10]Zuckerman G B,Singer L P,Rubin D H,et al.Effects of dantrolene on cooling times and cardiovascular parameters in an immature porcine model of heatstroke[J].Crit Care Med,1997,25(1):135-139.
[11]Huang Y P,Lin M T,Chen J S,et al.Naltrexone protects against hypotension,hyperthermia,and beta-endorphin overproduction during heatstroke in the rat[J].J Pharmacol Sci,2005,97(4):519-524.
[12]Bouchama A.The 2003 European heat wave[J].Intensive Care Med,2004,30(1):1-3.
[13]Yeo T P.Heat stroke:a comprehensive review[J].AACN Clin Issues,2004,15(2):280-293.
[14]Dematte J E,O'Mara K,Buescher J,et al.Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago[J].Ann Intern Med,1998,129(3):173-181.
[15]Fuse A,Yamashiro K,Oji Y,et al.Reversible focal cerebral cortical lesions in a patient with heat stroke[J].Intern Med,2013,52(3):377-380.
[16]Zhang X Y,Li J.Susceptibility-weighted imaging in heat stroke[J].PLo S One,2014,9(8):e105247.
[17]Murcia-Gubianas C,Valls-Masot L,Rognoni-Amrein G.Brain magnetic resonance imaging in heat stroke[J].Med Intensiva,2012,36(7):526.
[18]Jiang Q,Yang X,Liu K,et al.Hyperthermia impaired human visual short-term memory:an f MRI study[J].Int J Hyperthermia,2013,29(3):219-224.
[19]Glazer J L.Management of heatstroke and heat exhaustion[J].Am Fam Physician,2005,71(11):2133-2140.