基于虚拟耐久路面的动态载荷分解方法研究
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摘要
提出了基于虚拟耐久路面动态载荷分解技术的关键路线,路面模型是通过激光扫描后获取与实际路面相同的高精度虚拟路面,结合精确的整车动力学模型与FTire柔性环轮胎模型,可获取与实车状态非常接近的零部件动态载荷,用于汽车零部件耐久性能的分析与优化设计。通过对比实车测试与虚拟仿真的轮心六分力数据,识别影响虚拟仿真精度的敏感因素,并通过虚拟验证最终获得较为精确的轮心六分力动态载荷结果。最后,以汽车底盘副车架为例,分别以试验与仿真的动态载荷进行耐久寿命分析,结果表明,基于虚拟耐久路面的动态载荷分解方法具有良好的应用前景,可根据不同的企业路试标准以及不同的质量保证的要求,对零部件疲劳寿命的虚拟仿真结果设定安全系数。虚拟耐久路面的应用可使零部件疲劳寿命预测提前,提高设计成熟度,降低开发成本,减少实车验证风险。
The key route is proposed based on dynamic load cascading technology in virtual durability road spectrum. The road spectrum model is a high-precision virtual road spectrum obtained by laser scanning the actual road spectrum combined with the precise vehicle dynamics model and FTire model. This method can obtain dynamic load of parts very close to the real car. And dynamic load is used to analyze and optimize the durability of auto parts. The sensitivity factors that affect the simulation precision are identified by comparing the vehicle test with the virtual simulation of the forces and moments on wheel center. M ore accurate dynamic load is obtained through virtual validation. Finally,by taking the chassis sub-frame as an example,the fatigue durability analysis is carried out through the dynamic load of test and simulation. The results showthat the dynamic load cascading method based on virtual durable road model has better application foreground.The fatigue life of parts are evaluated by using appropriate safety factors according to different enterprise test standard and requirements of quality assurance. The application of virtual durability road spectrum can make the fatigue-life prediction of parts in advance,improve design maturity,reduce development costs and test risk.
The key route is proposed based on dynamic load cascading technology in virtual durability road spectrum. The road spectrum model is a high-precision virtual road spectrum obtained by laser scanning the actual road spectrum combined with the precise vehicle dynamics model and FTire model. This method can obtain dynamic load of parts very close to the real car. And dynamic load is used to analyze and optimize the durability of auto parts. The sensitivity factors that affect the simulation precision are identified by comparing the vehicle test with the virtual simulation of the forces and moments on wheel center. M ore accurate dynamic load is obtained through virtual validation. Finally,by taking the chassis sub-frame as an example,the fatigue durability analysis is carried out through the dynamic load of test and simulation. The results showthat the dynamic load cascading method based on virtual durable road model has better application foreground.The fatigue life of parts are evaluated by using appropriate safety factors according to different enterprise test standard and requirements of quality assurance. The application of virtual durability road spectrum can make the fatigue-life prediction of parts in advance,improve design maturity,reduce development costs and test risk.
引文
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[2]涂小林.基于虚拟试验场的白车身耐久性研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2012.
[3]周云平,毛显红,沙大亮,等.基于六分力仪的车身载荷分解技术[C].中国汽车工程学会年会论文集,2014.
[4]于莉.基于虚拟试验场的耐久性分析[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[5]李运超.基于整车虚拟试验场的后悬架疲劳分析[D].上海:同济大学,2009.
[6]杨国治.虚拟试验场技术的研究与开发[D].上海:同济大学,2005.
[7]荣兵,肖攀,周建文,等.基于实测载荷谱的载荷分解及后桥疲劳分析[J].汽车工程学报,2016,6(3):203-211.
[8]黄元毅,董国红,钟明,等.基于实测动态道路载荷谱的车辆疲劳性能设计[J].汽车工程,2017,11(39):1281-1285.
[9] TSAI M,HONG H,GEISLER R,et al. Dynamic vehicle durability simulation and applications using modal stress methodology[C]. SAE Paper,2011.
[10]LEE Y l,PAN J,HATHAWAY R,et al. Fatigue testing and analysis theory and practice[M]. UK:Elsevier Inc,2005:386-395.
[11]陈一锴,何杰,张卫华,等.动态载荷作用下半刚性沥青路面动力响应分析[J].系统仿真学报,2012,24(7):1510-1515.
[12]曹卫锋,吕彭民.动态载荷下粘弹性路面动力响应的精确模拟[J].计算机仿真,2014,31(2):239-242.
[13]付文奎.比利时石块虚拟路面建模方法的分析和比较[J].计算机辅助工程,2015,24(5):10-15.
[14]荣兵,肖攀,周建文,等.某试验场强化路三维虚拟路面重构与对比分析[J].汽车工程,2017,39(2):214-219.
[15]丁晓辉.基于ADAMS虚拟路面重构及应用研究[J].镇江:江苏大学,2013.
[16]苗冬梅.基于车辆系统动力学建模仿真的整车疲劳动载荷分析研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
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