致密油藏直井体积压裂压力分析模型
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摘要
致密储层基质和裂缝一般表现为强应力敏感性,同时由于储层的致密性,基质和裂缝经常会表现为非稳态窜流特征,影响井底压力曲线的形态和特征,进而影响解释结果。目前国内外尚缺少同时考虑应力敏感及非稳态窜流的井底压力分析模型。参考典型致密油藏体积压裂直井的微地震监测数据,设计体积压裂直井渗流物理模型,同时考虑应力敏感和非稳态窜流,建立体积压裂直井井底压力数学模型并求解,进而获得井底压力的双对数曲线特征。研究结果表明:应力敏感系数αD越大,压力导数曲线上翘幅度越大,压裂未改造区致密油径向流动阶段越不明显;非稳态窜流系数λm越小,窜流出现时间越晚,窜流阶段的下凹幅度越大,窜流渗流过程持续时间越长,压裂区域的裂缝径向渗流过程越弱。该井底压力分析模型应用表明,相较于未考虑应力敏感及非稳态窜流的模型,更能准确地确定压裂区域的半径及相关储层参数,提高致密油藏直井体积压裂相关参数的解释精度,故可推广到致密储层参数反演或试井解释分析中。
Strong stresssensitivity is generally presented for the matrix and fracture in tight reservoirs,and meanwhile due to the reservoir compactness,the un-steady crossflow is often characterized for the matrix and fracture,thus the configurations and features of the bottom-hole pressure curves and moreover the interpreted results are influenced. At present,there lacks the bottom-hole pressure analyzing model simultaneously considering the stress sensitivity and un-steady cross flow at home and abroad. Taking the micro-seismic monitored data of the typical SRV vertical wells in the oil reservoir as the references,the physical model was designed for the well flow,the stress sensitivity and un-steady cross flow was considered at the same time,the mathematical model of the bottom hole pressure for the SRV vertical well was established and resolved,thus the log-log characteristics of the bottom hole pressure were obtained. The study achievements show that the bigger the stress sensitivity coefficient is,thegreater the pressure derivative slope will be,the weaker the radical flow of the tight oil in the unstimulated areawill be; the smaller the un-steady cross flow coefficient is,the later the crossflow will be,the more serious the concave amplitude of the cross-flow will be,the longer the duration of the crossflow process will be,the weaker the fracture radical flow in the stimulated area will be. Compared with the models without considering the stresssensitivity and pseudo-steady crossflow,the analyzing model of the bottom hole pressure can more accurately determine the stimulated radii and other related reservoir parameters,enhance the interpreted precision of the relative parameters to the SRV of the vertical well in the tight oil reservoir,so the model can be generalized to the parameter inversion and well test interpretation of the tight reservoir.
Strong stresssensitivity is generally presented for the matrix and fracture in tight reservoirs,and meanwhile due to the reservoir compactness,the un-steady crossflow is often characterized for the matrix and fracture,thus the configurations and features of the bottom-hole pressure curves and moreover the interpreted results are influenced. At present,there lacks the bottom-hole pressure analyzing model simultaneously considering the stress sensitivity and un-steady cross flow at home and abroad. Taking the micro-seismic monitored data of the typical SRV vertical wells in the oil reservoir as the references,the physical model was designed for the well flow,the stress sensitivity and un-steady cross flow was considered at the same time,the mathematical model of the bottom hole pressure for the SRV vertical well was established and resolved,thus the log-log characteristics of the bottom hole pressure were obtained. The study achievements show that the bigger the stress sensitivity coefficient is,thegreater the pressure derivative slope will be,the weaker the radical flow of the tight oil in the unstimulated areawill be; the smaller the un-steady cross flow coefficient is,the later the crossflow will be,the more serious the concave amplitude of the cross-flow will be,the longer the duration of the crossflow process will be,the weaker the fracture radical flow in the stimulated area will be. Compared with the models without considering the stresssensitivity and pseudo-steady crossflow,the analyzing model of the bottom hole pressure can more accurately determine the stimulated radii and other related reservoir parameters,enhance the interpreted precision of the relative parameters to the SRV of the vertical well in the tight oil reservoir,so the model can be generalized to the parameter inversion and well test interpretation of the tight reservoir.
引文
[1]姜龙燕,荀小全,王楠,等.致密油藏直井体积压裂非稳态产能评价模型[J].断块油气田,2015,22(1):82-86.
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[4]陈晓明,廖新维,李东晖,等.直井体积压裂不稳定试井研究-双孔双区模型[J].油气井测试,2014,23(4):4-8.
[5]Brohi I G,Pooladi-Rvish M,Aguilera R.Modeling Fractured Horizontal Wells As Dual Porosity Composite Reservoirs—Application to Tight Gas,Shale Gas and Tight Oil Cases[R].Presented at the SPE Western North American Region Meeting,Anchorage,Alaska,USA,2011.
[6]Kazemi H,Merril L S Jr,Zeman P R.Numerical Simulation of Water-Oil Flow in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1979,16(6):317-326.
[7]陈方方,贾永禄,钟兵,等.三重介质不稳态窜流渗流模型与试井曲线分析[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(5):62-65.
[8]肖文联,李滔,李闽,等.致密储集层应力敏感性评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):107-114.
[9]钟高润,张小莉,杜江民,等.致密砂岩储层应力敏感性实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(3):1300-1306.
[10]Capucci E C,Serra K V.Transient Aspects of Unloading Oil Wells Through Gas-Lift Valves[R].Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Dallas,Texas,1991.
[11]Wang S,Ding W,Lin M,et al.Approximate Analytical-Pressure Studies on Dual-Porosity Reservoirs with Stress-Sensitive Permeability[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2015,18(4):523-533.
[12]Pedrosa O A Jr.Pressure Transient Response in Stress-Sensitive Formations[R].Presented at the SPE California Regional Meeting,Oakland,California,1986.
[13]徐梦雅.致密砂岩气藏压裂井动态反演技术及其应用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2013.
[14]Stehfest H.Algorithms 368:Numerical Inversion of Laplace Transforms[J].Commun.of the ACM,1970,13(1):47-49.
[15]程远方,王光磊,李友志,等.致密油体积压裂缝网扩展模型建立与应用[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(4):138-141.
[16]李宪文,张矿生,马兵,等.基于物质平衡原理解释致密油藏体积压裂有效改造体积的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(36):56-62.
[17]许冬进,廖锐全,石善志,等.致密油水平井体积压裂工厂化作业模式研究[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(3):1-6.
[18]李向平,齐银,李转红.鄂尔多斯盆地安83区块致密油藏老井暂堵混合水体积压裂技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):120-126.
[19]王瑞.致密油藏水平井体积压裂效果影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):126-128.
[20]郭小勇,赵振峰,徐创朝,等.有限元法超低渗油藏体积压裂裂缝参数优化[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(1):83-86.
[21]贾培锋,杨正明,肖前华,等.致密油藏储层综合评价新方法[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):33-36.
[22]李帅,丁云宏,才博,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井数值模拟及井底流压分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(4):156-160.
[23]尹洪军,赵二猛,李兴科,等.致密油藏分段压裂水平井合理试采方式研究[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):79-82.
[24]王文东赵广渊苏玉亮,等.致密油藏体积压裂技术应用[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(3):345-348.
[25]刘雄,王磊,王方,等.致密油藏水平井体积压裂产能影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):85-88.
[26]杜保健,程林松,曹仁义,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井开发效果[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(1):96-101.
[27]史晓东.非均质致密油储层水平井体积压裂产能预测[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):90-93.
[28]王文雄,李帅,刘广峰,等.致密油藏体积压裂建模理论与方法[J].断块油气田,2014,21(4):492-496.
[29]王海庆,王勤.体积压裂在超低渗油藏的开发应用[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,32(2):143.
[30]李宪文,樊凤玲,杨华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地低压致密油藏不同开发方式下的水平井体积压裂实践[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(3):34-36.
[31]王文东,苏玉亮,慕立俊,等.致密油藏直井体积压裂储层改造体积的影响因素[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(3):93-97.
[32]赵振峰,王文雄,邹雨时,等.致密砂岩油藏体积压裂裂缝扩展数值模拟研究[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(4):447-451.
[33]徐黎明,王利明,牛小兵,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井动用规律:以长庆油田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):87-93.
[34]李志强,赵金洲,胡永全,等.致密油层多区体积压裂产能预测[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(1):134-138.
[2]刘雄,田昌炳,姜龙燕,等.致密油藏直井体积压裂稳态产能评价模型[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(1):91-96.
[3]刘雄,田昌炳,纪淑红,等.致密油藏体积压裂直井非稳态压力分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(5):95-99.
[4]陈晓明,廖新维,李东晖,等.直井体积压裂不稳定试井研究-双孔双区模型[J].油气井测试,2014,23(4):4-8.
[5]Brohi I G,Pooladi-Rvish M,Aguilera R.Modeling Fractured Horizontal Wells As Dual Porosity Composite Reservoirs—Application to Tight Gas,Shale Gas and Tight Oil Cases[R].Presented at the SPE Western North American Region Meeting,Anchorage,Alaska,USA,2011.
[6]Kazemi H,Merril L S Jr,Zeman P R.Numerical Simulation of Water-Oil Flow in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1979,16(6):317-326.
[7]陈方方,贾永禄,钟兵,等.三重介质不稳态窜流渗流模型与试井曲线分析[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(5):62-65.
[8]肖文联,李滔,李闽,等.致密储集层应力敏感性评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):107-114.
[9]钟高润,张小莉,杜江民,等.致密砂岩储层应力敏感性实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(3):1300-1306.
[10]Capucci E C,Serra K V.Transient Aspects of Unloading Oil Wells Through Gas-Lift Valves[R].Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Dallas,Texas,1991.
[11]Wang S,Ding W,Lin M,et al.Approximate Analytical-Pressure Studies on Dual-Porosity Reservoirs with Stress-Sensitive Permeability[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2015,18(4):523-533.
[12]Pedrosa O A Jr.Pressure Transient Response in Stress-Sensitive Formations[R].Presented at the SPE California Regional Meeting,Oakland,California,1986.
[13]徐梦雅.致密砂岩气藏压裂井动态反演技术及其应用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2013.
[14]Stehfest H.Algorithms 368:Numerical Inversion of Laplace Transforms[J].Commun.of the ACM,1970,13(1):47-49.
[15]程远方,王光磊,李友志,等.致密油体积压裂缝网扩展模型建立与应用[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(4):138-141.
[16]李宪文,张矿生,马兵,等.基于物质平衡原理解释致密油藏体积压裂有效改造体积的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(36):56-62.
[17]许冬进,廖锐全,石善志,等.致密油水平井体积压裂工厂化作业模式研究[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(3):1-6.
[18]李向平,齐银,李转红.鄂尔多斯盆地安83区块致密油藏老井暂堵混合水体积压裂技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):120-126.
[19]王瑞.致密油藏水平井体积压裂效果影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):126-128.
[20]郭小勇,赵振峰,徐创朝,等.有限元法超低渗油藏体积压裂裂缝参数优化[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(1):83-86.
[21]贾培锋,杨正明,肖前华,等.致密油藏储层综合评价新方法[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):33-36.
[22]李帅,丁云宏,才博,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井数值模拟及井底流压分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(4):156-160.
[23]尹洪军,赵二猛,李兴科,等.致密油藏分段压裂水平井合理试采方式研究[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):79-82.
[24]王文东赵广渊苏玉亮,等.致密油藏体积压裂技术应用[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(3):345-348.
[25]刘雄,王磊,王方,等.致密油藏水平井体积压裂产能影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):85-88.
[26]杜保健,程林松,曹仁义,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井开发效果[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(1):96-101.
[27]史晓东.非均质致密油储层水平井体积压裂产能预测[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):90-93.
[28]王文雄,李帅,刘广峰,等.致密油藏体积压裂建模理论与方法[J].断块油气田,2014,21(4):492-496.
[29]王海庆,王勤.体积压裂在超低渗油藏的开发应用[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,32(2):143.
[30]李宪文,樊凤玲,杨华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地低压致密油藏不同开发方式下的水平井体积压裂实践[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(3):34-36.
[31]王文东,苏玉亮,慕立俊,等.致密油藏直井体积压裂储层改造体积的影响因素[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(3):93-97.
[32]赵振峰,王文雄,邹雨时,等.致密砂岩油藏体积压裂裂缝扩展数值模拟研究[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(4):447-451.
[33]徐黎明,王利明,牛小兵,等.致密油藏体积压裂水平井动用规律:以长庆油田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):87-93.
[34]李志强,赵金洲,胡永全,等.致密油层多区体积压裂产能预测[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(1):134-138.