2013-2017年沈阳市水痘流行特征分析
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摘要
目的分析沈阳市水痘流行特征,为制定水痘有效防制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2013-2017年沈阳市水痘疫情资料进行分析。结果 2013-2017年沈阳市共报告水痘病例22 853例,年均报告发病率为55.4349/10万,2017年发病率最高,为67.4024/10万。水痘病例在时间上呈双峰分布,5月份和12月份病例最多;病例男性多于女性,男女性别比为1.15∶1;报告病例年龄分布主要集中在0～29岁,占全部报告病例的91.38%;学生为水痘的高发人群(51.88%);年均发病率居前3位的地区是于洪区(97.9950/10万)、浑南新区(73.8791/10万)和铁西区(72.2444/10万),城区(67.2573/10万)、郊区(73.4445/10万)疫情高于农村地区(12.0321/10万)。结论沈阳市2013-2017年水痘疫情呈上升态势。为有效控制疫情上升,应进一步加强疫情监测,提高水痘疫苗接种率,同时认真落实传染病防制的各项控制措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Shenyang, so as to provide scientific evidence for varicella control. Methods Descriptive epidemiology analysis was conducted to analyze the reported data of varicella from 2013 to 2017 in Shenyang. Results A total of 22853 cases were reported during 2013 and 2017, and the average annual incidence rate was 55.4349/100,000. The highest incidence rate in 2017 was 67.4024/100,000. The difference in annual incidence was statistically significant. The peak seasons of varicella cases were in early summer(May)and winter(December). There were more males than females, with a ratio of 1.15:1; 91.38% of varicella cases were at the age from 0 to 29; the major occupation was students; the three regions with the highest average annual morbidity are Yuhong district, Hunnan district and Tiexi district. Urban and suburban areas are more affected than rural areas. Conclusion The incidence of varicella increased gradually form 2013 to 2017. In order to effectively control the rising epidemic situation,surveillance, vaccination and preventive measures should be strengthened.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Shenyang, so as to provide scientific evidence for varicella control. Methods Descriptive epidemiology analysis was conducted to analyze the reported data of varicella from 2013 to 2017 in Shenyang. Results A total of 22853 cases were reported during 2013 and 2017, and the average annual incidence rate was 55.4349/100,000. The highest incidence rate in 2017 was 67.4024/100,000. The difference in annual incidence was statistically significant. The peak seasons of varicella cases were in early summer(May)and winter(December). There were more males than females, with a ratio of 1.15:1; 91.38% of varicella cases were at the age from 0 to 29; the major occupation was students; the three regions with the highest average annual morbidity are Yuhong district, Hunnan district and Tiexi district. Urban and suburban areas are more affected than rural areas. Conclusion The incidence of varicella increased gradually form 2013 to 2017. In order to effectively control the rising epidemic situation,surveillance, vaccination and preventive measures should be strengthened.
引文
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[6]王燕,韩悦,姚文清.2010-2014年辽宁省水痘流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2016,32(11):1156-1159.
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[8]姜大雷,李智,徐娜,等.上海市不同病例数时水痘疫苗应急接种效果评价[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(6):861-863.
[9]沈奕峰,任亚萍,谢彦昕,等.2012-2016年上海市浦东新区水痘暴发疫情流行病学分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2018,29(2):90-93.
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[11]李秀合.北京市安定镇15岁以下人群水痘疫苗接种情况[J].职业与健康,2012,28(11):1373-1375.
[12]李寿俊,董维波,夏颖苹,等.水痘减毒活疫苗现场流行病学保护效力的Meta分析[J].国际流行病学传染病学杂志,2014,41(5):308-312.
[13]唐田,黄胜天,王中战,等.北京市丰台区某小学一起水痘突发公共卫生事件的现场流行病学调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(10):1232-1234.
[14]钱晓华,谭顺荣,杨彦基,等.单剂水痘疫苗接种后人群中暴发水痘疫情的原因分析[J].中国生物制品学杂志,2012,25(11):1527-1529, 1534.
[15]旷翠萍,林喜乐,庄辉元,等.一起学校水痘暴发疫情的流行因素及疫苗保护效果调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(6):699-701.
[16]马涛,谢国祥,孙红敏,等.2006-2017年南京市水痘流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(13):2312-2315, 2323.
[17]黄勇,贺晴,倪莉红,等.2005-2017年广州市水痘流行病学特征及变化趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(19):3470-3474.
[2]范晨璐,徐虹,高晓丽,等.哈尔滨市2010-2015年水痘流行病学特征分析及防控策略研究[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(11):1347-1349.
[3]韩一楠,杨月,王旭阳.大连市2003-2016年水痘病例流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2017,24(6):393-397.
[4]王连华,林海江,郑翔,等.浙江省台州市2007-2016年水痘流行病学特征分析[J].国际流行病学传染病学杂志,2017,44(3):191-193.
[5]陈杨伟,贾海梅,郑芳,等.2010-2016年福州市水痘流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(17):3096-3099.
[6]王燕,韩悦,姚文清.2010-2014年辽宁省水痘流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2016,32(11):1156-1159.
[7]赵聪,戴孟阳,白杉.2006—2012年沈阳市水痘流行特征[J].职业与健康,2014,30(6):796-797, 801.
[8]姜大雷,李智,徐娜,等.上海市不同病例数时水痘疫苗应急接种效果评价[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(6):861-863.
[9]沈奕峰,任亚萍,谢彦昕,等.2012-2016年上海市浦东新区水痘暴发疫情流行病学分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2018,29(2):90-93.
[10]彭志强,郑慧贞,吴承刚,等.2005-2009年广东省水痘流行病学分析[J].华南预防医学,2011,37(1):9-12.
[11]李秀合.北京市安定镇15岁以下人群水痘疫苗接种情况[J].职业与健康,2012,28(11):1373-1375.
[12]李寿俊,董维波,夏颖苹,等.水痘减毒活疫苗现场流行病学保护效力的Meta分析[J].国际流行病学传染病学杂志,2014,41(5):308-312.
[13]唐田,黄胜天,王中战,等.北京市丰台区某小学一起水痘突发公共卫生事件的现场流行病学调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(10):1232-1234.
[14]钱晓华,谭顺荣,杨彦基,等.单剂水痘疫苗接种后人群中暴发水痘疫情的原因分析[J].中国生物制品学杂志,2012,25(11):1527-1529, 1534.
[15]旷翠萍,林喜乐,庄辉元,等.一起学校水痘暴发疫情的流行因素及疫苗保护效果调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(6):699-701.
[16]马涛,谢国祥,孙红敏,等.2006-2017年南京市水痘流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(13):2312-2315, 2323.
[17]黄勇,贺晴,倪莉红,等.2005-2017年广州市水痘流行病学特征及变化趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(19):3470-3474.