管道非开挖穿越勘察采用斜孔钻探的可行性
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摘要
斜孔钻探勘察作为一种常用的勘察技术手段,却很少在油气管道非开挖穿越勘察领域中采用。定向钻和钻爆隧道是油气管道非开挖的主要穿越方式,如果能够通过斜向钻探查明穿越地层的地质条件,将有利于提高非开挖穿越的成功率,因此,研究斜孔钻探勘察在非开挖领域中的应用可行性非常有必要。工程实践发现:斜孔钻探在勘察过程中能够很好地配合常规钻探,有效应对工程勘察中面临的一些地质勘察难点;通过斜孔钻探获取的勘察资料具有真实性、可信性、准确性及不可替代性,在很大程度上提升了油气管道工程的勘察水平,甚至在某些特殊的油气管道工程勘察项目中,能够发挥常规钻探不可替代的作用。研究结果表明:斜孔钻孔的设备和技术在油气管道非开挖穿越工程勘察中应用是可行的。
Inclined drilling, as a commonly-used investigation technology, is rarely used to carry out the investigation on the non-excavation crossing of oil and gas pipelines. Directional drilling and drilling and blasting tunnel are the main non-excavation crossing patterns of oil and gas pipelines. If the geological conditions of crossing area can be figured out by means of inclined drilling, it will be helpful to increase the success rate of non-excavation crossing. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility to apply the inclined drilling investigation in the field of non-excavation engineering. And the practical application indicates that inclined drilling can cooperate with conventional drilling very well to deal with the geological investigation difficulties of engineering investigation effectively. The investigation data obtained through inclined drilling is authentic, credible, accurate and irreplaceable, and it increases the investigation level of oil and gas pipeline engineering greatly. And even in some special pipeline engineering investigation projects, it plays a great role which can not be replaced by the conventional drilling. The survey and researches show that the equipments and technologies used in inclined drilling is applicable to the investigation of non-excavation crossing pipeline engineering.
Inclined drilling, as a commonly-used investigation technology, is rarely used to carry out the investigation on the non-excavation crossing of oil and gas pipelines. Directional drilling and drilling and blasting tunnel are the main non-excavation crossing patterns of oil and gas pipelines. If the geological conditions of crossing area can be figured out by means of inclined drilling, it will be helpful to increase the success rate of non-excavation crossing. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility to apply the inclined drilling investigation in the field of non-excavation engineering. And the practical application indicates that inclined drilling can cooperate with conventional drilling very well to deal with the geological investigation difficulties of engineering investigation effectively. The investigation data obtained through inclined drilling is authentic, credible, accurate and irreplaceable, and it increases the investigation level of oil and gas pipeline engineering greatly. And even in some special pipeline engineering investigation projects, it plays a great role which can not be replaced by the conventional drilling. The survey and researches show that the equipments and technologies used in inclined drilling is applicable to the investigation of non-excavation crossing pipeline engineering.
引文
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[19]叶建良,蒋国盛,窦斌.非开挖铺设地下管线施工技术与实践[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2000:52-53.YE J L,JIANG G S,DOU B.Non-excavation laying underground pipeline construction technology and practice[M].Beijing:China University of Geosciences Press,2000:52-53.
[20]童强,杨丕祥.贵州烂泥沟金矿大角度斜孔岩心钻探施工实践与认识[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2013,40(11):35-38.TONG Q,YANG P X.Practice and understanding of core drilling construction in large-angle declined hole in Lannigou Gold Deposit of Gui zhou[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2013,40(11):35-38.
[2]吴忠良.管道定向钻穿越河流的工程地质勘察问题[J].油气储运,1996,15(3):35-37.Wu Z L.Geological survey of directionally drilled rivers[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1996,15(3):35-37.
[3]马保松.非开挖工程学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2008:48.MA B S.The non-excavation engineering[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008:48.
[4]孔耀祖,马保松,金鑫,等.中粗砂地层大型定向穿越工程施工工艺[J].油气储运,2013,32(3):313-316.KONG Y Z,MA B S,JIN X,et al.Construction technology of large-scale directional crossing in medium-coarse sand formations[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2013,32(3):313-316.
[5]向乾俊,谢吉林,赵卫楚.浅谈开展隧道地质勘察水平定向钻探的必要性与可行性[J].工程勘察,2008(9):17-20.XIANG Q J,XIE J L,ZHAO W C.The necessity and feasibility to carry out the investigation on horizontal directional drilling in the tunnel geological investigation[J].Engineering Investigation,2008(9):17-20.
[6]刘志田.大口径长距离定向钻穿越设计要点探讨[J].科技创新导报,2010(5):49.LIU Z T.Discussion on design points of large diameter and long distance directional drilling[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2010(5):49.
[7]赵帅.油气管道定向钻穿越技术[J].石油工程建设,2009,35(2):37-40.ZHAO S.Oil and gas pipeline directional drilling crossing technology[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2009,35(2):37-40.
[8]李德选,王雪强,王军卫,等.地质条件对定向钻穿越的影响与应对措施[J].油气储运,2012,31(3):175-177.LI D X,WANG X Q,WANG J W,et al.The terrain and geological condition to horizontal directional drilling and its countermeasures[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(3):175-177.
[9]胡登辉.川气东送管道工程青弋江定向钻穿越工程施工技术浅析[J].上海煤气,2010(1):13-16.HU D H.Sichuan-East Gas Transmission Pipeline Project Qingyi River directional drilling technical analysis of construction[J].Shanghai Gas,2010(1):13-16.
[10]赵庆磊,沈茂丁,许立风,等.数值模拟在长输油气管道工程环评中的应用[J].油气田环境保护,2015(5):65-67.ZHAO Q L,SHEN M D,XU L F,et al.Application of numerical simulation in EIA of long-distance oil and gas pipeline project[J].Environmental Protection of Oil&Gas Fields,2015(5):65-67.
[11]宋矿银,张兰青.长距离天然气管道山体隧道勘察方法探讨[J].岩土工程界,2009(8):22-24.SONG K Y,ZHANG L Q.The study on long distance gas pipeline tunnel investigation method[J].Geotechnical Engineering,2009(8):22-24.
[12]吕康成.特殊隧道工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2013:12-13.LYU K C.Special tunnel project[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2013:12-13.
[13]刘东恒,李日喜,杨勇.超前水平钻探技术在隧道地质勘探中的应用[J].中国高新技术企业,2011,22(3):85-86.LIU D H,LI R X,YANG Y.Application of advanced horizontal drilling technology in tunnel geological exploration[J].China High-Tech Enterprises,2011,22(3):85-86.
[14]常江华,凡东,刘庆修,等.水平孔绳索取心钻进技术在金矿坑道勘探中的应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2012,39(1):40-43.CHANG J H,FAN D,LIU Q X,et al.Application of wire-line coring technology in horizontal borehole for exploration in gold mine tunnel[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2012,39(1):40-43.
[15]吉孟瑞,孙桂明,吴昌庆,等.地下洞库勘察中的深斜孔钻探和压水试验技术[J].山东地质,2001,17(2):56-60.JI M R,SUN G M,WU C Q,et al.Deep slant drilling and hydraulic pressure test technologies in underground cavity exploration[J].Shandong Geology,2001,17(2):56-60.
[16]沈茂丁,周劲松,许敏,等.管道线路岩溶勘察工作重点及方法[J].油气储运,2014,33(2):185-189.SHEN M D,ZHOU J S,XU M,et al.Key work and methods for investigation of karst along pipeline route[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):185-189.
[17]闵文,邓争荣,吴树良.某水电站坝址河床顺河断裂穿江深斜孔钻探实践[J].长江工程职业技术学院学报,2012,29(4):5-9.MIN W,DENG Z R,WU S L.Cross-river slant-hole drilling practice for a dam’s along-river fractured riverbed[J].Journal of Changjiang Engineering Vocational College,2012,29(4):5-9.
[18]李建华,刘凡柏,冯起赠.PD-50A型水平钻机的研制与应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2005,32(增刊1):222-224.LI J H,LIU F B,FENG Q Z.Development and application of horizontal drilling rig PD-50A[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2005,32(S1):222-224.
[19]叶建良,蒋国盛,窦斌.非开挖铺设地下管线施工技术与实践[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2000:52-53.YE J L,JIANG G S,DOU B.Non-excavation laying underground pipeline construction technology and practice[M].Beijing:China University of Geosciences Press,2000:52-53.
[20]童强,杨丕祥.贵州烂泥沟金矿大角度斜孔岩心钻探施工实践与认识[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2013,40(11):35-38.TONG Q,YANG P X.Practice and understanding of core drilling construction in large-angle declined hole in Lannigou Gold Deposit of Gui zhou[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2013,40(11):35-38.