土壤镉胁迫对紫金牛生理特性的影响
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摘要
以紫金牛为试验材料,研究了土壤不同质量分数镉(25、50、100、200 mg·kg~(-1))对于其生理特性的影响。结果表明:胁迫后各处理组叶绿素质量分数、PSII原初光能转化效率(F_v/F_m)、光化学淬灭系数(q_P)、表观电子传递速率(E_(T,R))值持续降低,植株对于光能利用能力下降,热耗散升高;丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度持续上升,膜质过氧化加剧。胁迫15 d,处理Ⅰ(25 mg·kg~(-1))净光合速率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性高于对照,其余处理低于对照,各组可溶性糖质量分数升高,可溶性蛋白质量分数降低;处理60 d,植株可溶性糖质量分数、净光合速率低于对照,可溶性蛋白质量分数、SOD活性高于对照,机体增强对活性氧的清除和生物膜的保护,可溶性糖的合成受到影响。随着镉质量分数的加大,紫金牛叶片产生不同程度的外观损伤,但无死亡。结果说明,紫金牛能忍受土壤中200 mg·kg~(-1)的镉,具有较强的抗重金属胁迫能力。
We studied the effects of different contents of Cd(25, 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg~(-1)) on the physiological characteristics of Ardisia japonica. After the stress, the total chlorophyll content, primary light energy conversion efficiency of PSII(F_v/F_m), photochemical quenching coefficient(q_P) and apparent electron transfer rate(E_(TR)) values continued to decrease, the ability of light energy utilization decreased and heat dissipation increased. The content of malondialdehyde(MDA) continued to rise, and the peroxidation of the membrane was aggravated. Stress treatment for 15 d, treatment I(25 mg·kg~(-1)) net photosynthetic rate, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were higher than those of control, other treatment groups were lower than control, each treatment group soluble sugar content increased, and soluble protein content decreased. Stress treatment for 60 d, soluble sugar content and net photosynthetic rate were lower than those of control, soluble protein content and SOD activity were higher than control, the body enhanced the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the protection of biofilms, and the synthesis of soluble sugars was affected. With the increase of Cd content, Ardisia japonica leaves had different degrees of appearance damage, but no death. Therefore, Ardisia japonica could tolerate 200 mg·kg~(-1) Cd in soil and had strong ability to resist heavy metal stress.
We studied the effects of different contents of Cd(25, 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg~(-1)) on the physiological characteristics of Ardisia japonica. After the stress, the total chlorophyll content, primary light energy conversion efficiency of PSII(F_v/F_m), photochemical quenching coefficient(q_P) and apparent electron transfer rate(E_(TR)) values continued to decrease, the ability of light energy utilization decreased and heat dissipation increased. The content of malondialdehyde(MDA) continued to rise, and the peroxidation of the membrane was aggravated. Stress treatment for 15 d, treatment I(25 mg·kg~(-1)) net photosynthetic rate, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were higher than those of control, other treatment groups were lower than control, each treatment group soluble sugar content increased, and soluble protein content decreased. Stress treatment for 60 d, soluble sugar content and net photosynthetic rate were lower than those of control, soluble protein content and SOD activity were higher than control, the body enhanced the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the protection of biofilms, and the synthesis of soluble sugars was affected. With the increase of Cd content, Ardisia japonica leaves had different degrees of appearance damage, but no death. Therefore, Ardisia japonica could tolerate 200 mg·kg~(-1) Cd in soil and had strong ability to resist heavy metal stress.
引文
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[20] 蔡思琪,廖飞勇.淹水胁迫对双荚决明生长及生理特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(3):71-75.
[21] 廖飞勇,谢瑛,何平,等.不同光强对薇甘菊生长及光系统的影响[J].生命科学研究,2003,7(4):355-359.
[22] 易心钰.蓖麻对铅锌胁迫的响应及其机制研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2018.
[23] 鲜靖苹.盐及重金属胁迫对龟背竹生理抗性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(11):241-244.
[24] 谢亚兵,林铃,毕学琴,等.Cd、Pb单一胁迫对芳樟小苗叶片生理指标的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2018,24(6):94-96,103.
[25] 陈禹兴,付连双,王晓楠,等.低温胁迫对冬小麦恢复生长后植株细胞膜透性和丙二醛含量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(10):10-16.
[2] 苏金为,王湘平.镉离子对茶叶光合机构及性能的影响[J].茶叶科学,2004,24(1):65-69.
[3] 关伟,张金珠,王占全,等.镉胁迫对桃树根尖细胞超微结构的影响[J].北京农学院学报,2010,25(3):18-20.
[4] YILMAZ D D,PARLAK K U.Changes in proline accumulation and antioxidative enzyme activities in Groenlandia densa under cadmium stress[J].Ecological Indicators,2011,11(2):417-423.
[5] 赵利琴.资源植物紫金牛研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2002,21( 3):11-14.
[6] 林秀香,张松勇,谢南松,等.福建省紫金牛属植物资源及观赏应用评价[J].福建热作科技,2012,37(1):21-23.
[7] 高荣.紫金牛(Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume)抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)活性成分研究[D].济南:山东中医药大学,2015.
[8] 张建新,葛淑芳,吴玉环,等.干旱胁迫对紫金牛叶片碳氮代谢的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(2):278-282.
[9] 常家东.基于转录组与代谢组学研究增加CO2和升高温度对紫金牛生理和酚类合成途径的影响[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2017.
[10] 申敬民,李鹤,陈锐,等.紫金牛扦插育苗关键技术与苗木质量分级[J].种子,2017,36(8):132-134.
[11] 蒋慧,王秋姣,冉德龙,等.不同水分胁迫对金焰绣线菊光合特性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):178-180.
[12] 蔡思琪.双荚决明对复合盐、镉和铅胁迫的生理响应研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[13] 文瑛,廖飞勇,刘智慧.不同水分胁迫对黄枝槐生理特性的影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(13):47-52.
[14] 蔡永萍.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2014.
[15] 陈建勋.植物生理学实验指导[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2002.
[16] 蔡梦颖.‘粉蕴’阔瓣含笑苗期嫁接亲和性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[17] 史树德,孙亚卿,魏磊.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[18] RONG-HUA L I,GUO P G,MICHAEL B,et al.Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2006,5(10):751-757.
[19] 夏青芳.水分胁迫对3种植物的生理和生长影响研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[20] 蔡思琪,廖飞勇.淹水胁迫对双荚决明生长及生理特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(3):71-75.
[21] 廖飞勇,谢瑛,何平,等.不同光强对薇甘菊生长及光系统的影响[J].生命科学研究,2003,7(4):355-359.
[22] 易心钰.蓖麻对铅锌胁迫的响应及其机制研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2018.
[23] 鲜靖苹.盐及重金属胁迫对龟背竹生理抗性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(11):241-244.
[24] 谢亚兵,林铃,毕学琴,等.Cd、Pb单一胁迫对芳樟小苗叶片生理指标的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2018,24(6):94-96,103.
[25] 陈禹兴,付连双,王晓楠,等.低温胁迫对冬小麦恢复生长后植株细胞膜透性和丙二醛含量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(10):10-16.
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