CTAB改性膨润土制备及其对海洋溢油的吸附性能
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摘要
利用室内吸附实验,以钙基膨润土和改性后的CTAB-膨润土为研究对象,研究了改性前后的膨润土在海洋环境条件下对石油的吸附性能。结果表明,CTAB已经成功地插层到钙基膨润土层间,使其表面形貌更加蓬松,层间距增大为2.04 nm,改性后膨润土由亲水性变为疏水性。改性前后的膨润土对海洋溢油的吸附率均随着膨润土浓度的增加及粒径的减小而增加,改性后膨润土的吸油率比改性前提高了13.1%,最高达到59.5%。临界颗粒物浓度为1 000 mg·L~(-1),最佳颗粒物粒径范围为<100μm。CTAB-膨润土对委内瑞拉原油的吸附过程较好地符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich吸附等温线模型,吸附的最佳时间为240 min,最佳温度为30℃,饱和吸附量约为526 mg·g~(-1)。改性前后的膨润土在海洋环境条件下对石油的吸附性能有明显变化,CTAB-膨润土对海洋溢油的吸附优势较为显著。
In this study, the laboratory adsorption experiments were conducted to compare the adsorptionproperties of marine petroleum on the calcium-based bentonite and modified CTAB-bentonite. The results showthat CTAB successfully entered the calcium-based bentonite layers, causing a more fluffy surface morphologyand increased interlayer distance(up to 2.04 nm) than before. And the hydrophilic calcium-based bentonite wasmodified to a hydrophobic of CTAB-bentonite. For calcium-based bentonite and CTAB-bentonite, theiradsorption efficiencies of marine petroleum increased with the increase of bentonite concentration or thedecrease of particle size. The absorption efficiency on CTAB-bentonite increased by 13.1%, and up to 59.5%.The critical particle concentration was 1 000 mg·L~(-1), the optimum range for particle size was lower than 100μm. Finally, the Venezuelan crude oil was used to test its adsorption on CTAB-bentonite, the correspondingadsorption process could be well described by the quasi-secondary kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorptionisotherm model. The optimum adsorption time and temperature were 240 min and 30 °C, respectively, and theadsorption capacity was about 526 mg·g~(-1). CTAB modified bentonite will be widely used in the marine oil spillin the future because its adsorption properties have significantly improved.
In this study, the laboratory adsorption experiments were conducted to compare the adsorptionproperties of marine petroleum on the calcium-based bentonite and modified CTAB-bentonite. The results showthat CTAB successfully entered the calcium-based bentonite layers, causing a more fluffy surface morphologyand increased interlayer distance(up to 2.04 nm) than before. And the hydrophilic calcium-based bentonite wasmodified to a hydrophobic of CTAB-bentonite. For calcium-based bentonite and CTAB-bentonite, theiradsorption efficiencies of marine petroleum increased with the increase of bentonite concentration or thedecrease of particle size. The absorption efficiency on CTAB-bentonite increased by 13.1%, and up to 59.5%.The critical particle concentration was 1 000 mg·L~(-1), the optimum range for particle size was lower than 100μm. Finally, the Venezuelan crude oil was used to test its adsorption on CTAB-bentonite, the correspondingadsorption process could be well described by the quasi-secondary kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorptionisotherm model. The optimum adsorption time and temperature were 240 min and 30 °C, respectively, and theadsorption capacity was about 526 mg·g~(-1). CTAB modified bentonite will be widely used in the marine oil spillin the future because its adsorption properties have significantly improved.
引文
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[25]张志宾,熊国宣,刘云海,等.季胺盐阳离子插层蒙脱土对铀吸附性能的研究[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,36(4):400-405.
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[28]International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation.International tanker owners pollution federation limited[EB/OL].[2018-08-01].http://www.itopf.com/.2017.
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[30]陈荔,周彦波,王肖倩,等.膨润土对海水中重油分散途径的影响研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(12):66-69.
[31]SUN J,KHELIFA A,ZHAO C,et al.Laboratory investigation of oil-suspended particulate matter aggregation under different mixing conditions[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,47(3):742-749.
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[34]KOMORI Y,SUGAHARA Y,KURODA K.Intercalation of alkylamines and water into kaolinite with methanol kaolinite as an intermediate[J].Applied Clay Science,1999,15(1/2):241-252.
[35]潘祥江,张勇,李明,等.蒙脱土的有机复合改性及其表征[J].塑料工业,2005,33(2):54-57.
[36]邵红,刘相龙,李云姣,等.两种改性膨润土对含油废水吸附行为的研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(7):2114-2120.
[37]高芒来,孟秀霞,孟庆民.分子沉积膜驱剂在原油/水中的分配及油水界面张力[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(3):124-129.
[38]KHELIFA A,STOFFYN-EGLI P,HILL P S,et al.Effects of salinity and clay type on oil-mineral aggregation[J].Marine Environmental Research,2005,59(3):235-254.
[2]孙志勇,严彪,王爱民,等.壳聚糖/CTAB复合改性膨润土对活性红X-3B的吸附[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):617-623.
[3]于海琴.膨润土基吸附材料的制备、表征及其吸附性能研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[4]朱利中,陈宝梁.有机膨润土在废水处理中的应用及其进展[J].环境科学进展,1998,6(3):54-62.
[5]叶春雪,杨荣杰,仪德启.钙基纳米蒙脱土/聚磷酸铵复合物的结构与性质[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(3):1-6.
[6]穆凯艳,赵田甜,张樱美,等.膨润土载锆除磷复合材料的研究[J].环境工程,2014,32(3):60-64.
[7]陈晓磊,邓李川,关爽.有机膨润土制备表征及其应用[J].长春工业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):692-695.
[8]苏玉红,朱利中,陈苏晓.有机膨润土多次吸附模拟废水中苯酚的性能及机理[J].环境科学,2001,22(5):55-59.
[9]朱利中,任剑盛,张建英,等.溴化十六烷基三甲铵膨润土对印染废水的脱色作用[J].水处理技术,1994,20(1):56-59.
[10]曹春艳,于冰,赵莹莹.有机改性膨润土处理含油废水的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(6):1382-1387.
[11]傅万里,杨亚辉,刘竞超.环氧树脂/粘土纳米复合材料的制备及研究现状[J].湘潭大学学报(研究生论丛),2000,24(S2):170-173.
[12]吕建坤,柯毓才,漆宗能,等.环氧/粘土纳米复合材料的形成机理与性能[J].高分子通报,2000(2):18-26.
[13]徐卫兵,何平笙.Epoxy/Clay有机-无机纳米复合材料[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2002,18(1):6-11.
[14]崔继文,孙瑞岩,李士伟,等.十六烷基三甲基溴化铵直接处理钙基蒙脱土[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2007,45(2):297-300.
[15]AL-ASHEH S,BANAT F,ABU-AITAH L.Adsorption of phenol using different types of activated bentonites[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2003,33(1):1-10.
[16]胡六江,李益民.有机膨润土负载纳米铁去除废水中硝基苯[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(6):1107-1112.
[17]RODRI?GUEZ-SARMIENTO D C,PINZON-BELLO J A.Adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on organophilic bentonites[J].Applied Clay Science,2001,18(3/4):173-181.
[18]WANG L,WANG A.Adsorption properties of congo red from aqueous solution onto surfactant-modified montmorillonite[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,160(1):173-180.
[19]ZOHRA B,AICHA K,FATIMA S,et al.Adsorption of direct red 2 on bentonite modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2008,136(2/3):295-305.
[20]LEE J J,CHOI J,PARK J W.Simultaneous sorption of lead and chlorobenzene by organobentonite[J].Chemosphere,2002,49(10):1309-1315.
[21]OYANEDEL-CRAVER V A,FULLER M,SMITH J A.Simultaneous sorption of benzene and heavy metals onto two organoclays[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2007,309(2):485-492.
[22]AKAR S T,YETIMOGLU Y,GEDIKBEY T.Removal of chromium(VI)ions from aqueous solutions by using Turkish montmorillonite clay:Effect of activation and modification[J].Desalination,2009,244(1/2/3):97-108.
[23]MAJDAN M,PIKUS S,GAJOWIAK A,et al.Characterization of uranium(VI)sorption by organobentonite[J].Applied Surface Science,2010,256(17):5416-5421.
[24]MAJDAN M,PIKUS S,GAJOWIAK A,et al.Uranium sorption on bentonite modified by octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,184(1/2/3):662-670.
[25]张志宾,熊国宣,刘云海,等.季胺盐阳离子插层蒙脱土对铀吸附性能的研究[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,36(4):400-405.
[26]穆文菲.改性膨润土处理含油废水的影响因素研究[J].化工中间体,2012,9(8):35-39.
[27]GUNAWAN N S,INDRASWATI N,JU Y H,et al.Bentonites modified with anionic and cationic surfactants for bleaching of crude palm oil[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,47(3/4):462-464.
[28]International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation.International tanker owners pollution federation limited[EB/OL].[2018-08-01].http://www.itopf.com/.2017.
[29]GONG Y Y,ZHAO X,O'REILLY S E.Effects of oil dispersant and oil on sorption and desorption of phenanthrene with Gulf Coast marine sediments[J].Environmental Pollution,2013,18(5):240-249.
[30]陈荔,周彦波,王肖倩,等.膨润土对海水中重油分散途径的影响研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(12):66-69.
[31]SUN J,KHELIFA A,ZHAO C,et al.Laboratory investigation of oil-suspended particulate matter aggregation under different mixing conditions[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,47(3):742-749.
[32]SUN J,ZHAO D,ZHAO C,et al.Investigation of the kinetics of oil-suspended particulate matter aggregation[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013,76(1/2):250-257.
[33]SUN J,KHELIFA A,ZHENG X,et al.A laboratory study on the kinetics of the formation of oil-suspended particulate matter aggregates using the NIST-1941b sediment[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2010,60(10):1701-1707.
[34]KOMORI Y,SUGAHARA Y,KURODA K.Intercalation of alkylamines and water into kaolinite with methanol kaolinite as an intermediate[J].Applied Clay Science,1999,15(1/2):241-252.
[35]潘祥江,张勇,李明,等.蒙脱土的有机复合改性及其表征[J].塑料工业,2005,33(2):54-57.
[36]邵红,刘相龙,李云姣,等.两种改性膨润土对含油废水吸附行为的研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(7):2114-2120.
[37]高芒来,孟秀霞,孟庆民.分子沉积膜驱剂在原油/水中的分配及油水界面张力[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(3):124-129.
[38]KHELIFA A,STOFFYN-EGLI P,HILL P S,et al.Effects of salinity and clay type on oil-mineral aggregation[J].Marine Environmental Research,2005,59(3):235-254.