甘肃沿黄灌区引进枣树品种果实营养成分分析
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摘要
为给当地优良红枣品种的选育提供参考,以甘肃沿黄灌区15个引进枣树品种为试验材料,以当地主栽品种五佛圆枣为对照,测定各品种果实中5种成分(水分、可溶性糖、有机酸、蛋白质、粗脂肪)的含量,分析比较了其差异性,并进行了相关性分析。结果表明:所测的5种指标中,水分含量差异显著,可溶性糖、有机酸、蛋白质、粗脂肪这4个指标差异极显著。15个品种中,七月鲜综合品质最优,5种成分指标均高于五佛圆枣。对各品种的营养成分进行相关性分析,得出试验区红枣果实中可溶性糖含量与粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量呈显著负相关,有机酸含量与粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量呈显著正相关,粗脂肪含量与粗蛋白含量呈显著正相关。经综合研究认为,七月鲜、灰枣、阜新大枣和甘酥佛枣4个红枣品种营养成分含量较高,适宜当地培育。
In order to provide some references for selecting and breeding local fine Zizyphus jujuba cultivars, using 15 introduced Z. jujuba cultivars at irrigation areas along the Yellow River in Gansu as test materials, using local main cultivar Wufo Round Jujube as control, contents of five components(water, soluble sugar, organic acid, protein, crude fat)in fruits of each cultivar were determined, and their differences and correlations were analyzed. The results showed that among the five indexes tested, water contents were significantly different, and the four indexes of soluble sugar, organic acid, protein and crude fat contents were very significantly different. Among the 15 cultivars, comprehensive quality of July Fresh Jujube was the best, and the five component indexes were higher than those of Wufo Round Jujube.The results of correlation analysis showed that, in Z. jujuba fruits from test area, soluble sugar content was significantly negatively correlated with crude fat content and crude protein content, organic acid content was significantly positively correlated with crude fat content and crude protein content, and crude fat content was significantly positively correlated with crude protein content. According to the results of comprehensive analysis, the four Z. jujuba cultivars, July Fresh Jujube, Grey Jujube,Fuxin Jujube and Gansu Fozao jujube, had higher nutrient contents and were suitable for local cultivation.
In order to provide some references for selecting and breeding local fine Zizyphus jujuba cultivars, using 15 introduced Z. jujuba cultivars at irrigation areas along the Yellow River in Gansu as test materials, using local main cultivar Wufo Round Jujube as control, contents of five components(water, soluble sugar, organic acid, protein, crude fat)in fruits of each cultivar were determined, and their differences and correlations were analyzed. The results showed that among the five indexes tested, water contents were significantly different, and the four indexes of soluble sugar, organic acid, protein and crude fat contents were very significantly different. Among the 15 cultivars, comprehensive quality of July Fresh Jujube was the best, and the five component indexes were higher than those of Wufo Round Jujube.The results of correlation analysis showed that, in Z. jujuba fruits from test area, soluble sugar content was significantly negatively correlated with crude fat content and crude protein content, organic acid content was significantly positively correlated with crude fat content and crude protein content, and crude fat content was significantly positively correlated with crude protein content. According to the results of comprehensive analysis, the four Z. jujuba cultivars, July Fresh Jujube, Grey Jujube,Fuxin Jujube and Gansu Fozao jujube, had higher nutrient contents and were suitable for local cultivation.
引文
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[15]李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:3-5.
[16]张艳红.红枣中营养成分测定及质量评价[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2007:4-8.
[2]周禹含,毕金峰,陈芹芹,等.中国红枣加工及产业发展现状[J].食品与机械,2013,29(4):214-217.
[3]梁鸿.中国红枣及红枣产业的发展现状、存在问题和对策的研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2006.
[4]曲泽洲,王永惠.中国果树志:枣卷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1993:1-36.
[5]刘孟军.中国枣产业发展报告[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2008:114-115.
[6]宋丽华,万仲武,曹兵.不同药剂处理对灵武长枣坐果与光合指标的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(1):40-44.
[7]文亚峰,何钢.适合我国南方地区栽培的枣优良品种亲缘关系研究[J].果树学报,2007,24(5):640-643.
[8]胡琼,王森,李凡松,等.南方鲜食枣二次枝结果特性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):50-56.
[9]邹天福,戚建莉,张广忠,等.甘肃沿黄灌区发展枣产业的潜力与技术创新[J].中国农业信息,2014(16):54-57.
[10]季元祖,陈晓妮,朱红斌,等.甘肃中部沿黄灌区适宜发展的枣树品种及其栽培管理技术[J].园艺与种苗,2011(6):9-11.
[11]马亚平,曹兵,王艳.灵武长枣土壤养分与果实品质间的相关性分析[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):105-111.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.食品中还原糖的测定:GB/T5009.7—2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.食品卫生检验方法-理化部分总则:GB/T5009.1—2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[14]张水华.食品分析[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2006:82-86.
[15]李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:3-5.
[16]张艳红.红枣中营养成分测定及质量评价[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2007:4-8.