饲用玉米根腐病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选
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摘要
通过对饲用玉米根腐病病原物分离纯化培养、形态观察及致病性测定,发现引起饲用玉米根腐病的病原菌为茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani);同时进行病原菌生物学特性及室内药剂筛选试验。结果表明:菌落最适生长温度为30℃,最适培养基为PDA培养基,12 h光照12 h黑暗交替有利于该菌的生长;6种杀菌剂对玉米根腐病均有抑菌效果,其中8%恶霉灵水剂、80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、75%百菌清可湿性粉剂抑制率分别为92.68%,88.57%和85.33%;药剂抑制浓度(EC_(50))分别为28.50,45.50和97.50μg/mL。
The pathogens causing root rot of forage maize in Gulang County of Gansu Province were identified as Fusarium solani by isolation,purification and culture,morphological observation and pathogenicity determination.The pathogens biological characteristics were tested and its control fungicide was screened in laboratory.Optimum growth temperature,medium and photoperiod of F.solani was 30℃,PDA medium and 12 hours of light and darkness alternation.6 fungicides were screened out,and in which,the inhibiting rates of 80% carbendazol wettable powder and 75% chlorothalonil wetable powders were above 85%(92.68%,88.57% and 85.33% respectively).And the EC_(50) was 28.50,45.50 and 97.50μg/mL respectively.
The pathogens causing root rot of forage maize in Gulang County of Gansu Province were identified as Fusarium solani by isolation,purification and culture,morphological observation and pathogenicity determination.The pathogens biological characteristics were tested and its control fungicide was screened in laboratory.Optimum growth temperature,medium and photoperiod of F.solani was 30℃,PDA medium and 12 hours of light and darkness alternation.6 fungicides were screened out,and in which,the inhibiting rates of 80% carbendazol wettable powder and 75% chlorothalonil wetable powders were above 85%(92.68%,88.57% and 85.33% respectively).And the EC_(50) was 28.50,45.50 and 97.50μg/mL respectively.
引文
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[4]王国栋,刘陇生,贺春贵,等.甘肃河西灌区饲用玉米全膜覆土高产节水栽培技术[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2015,34(4):66-67.
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[14]王鸣华,沈慧敏,周小毛.植物化学保护实验[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014.
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[16]李军,赵雪峰,邓如正.玉米苗期根腐病的发生与防治[J].农业开发与装备,2014(7):123.
[17]李红,晋齐鸣,王立新.吉林省玉米苗期病虫害发生动态及防治对策[J].吉林农业科学,2002(S1):33-34.
[18]赵晓军,石秀清,赵子俊,等.武将450FS悬浮种衣剂对玉米苗期病害的防治效果[J].中国种业,2006(8):29-30.
[19]纪莉景,栗秋生,王连生,等.河北省夏玉米苗期根病发生现状及病原初探[J].玉米科学,2014,22(6):138-141.
[20]纪莉景.河北省玉米根腐病病原菌组成及防治药剂筛选[C]∥中国植物病理学会青年委员会.植物病理学研究进展---中国植物病理学会第十二届青年学术研讨会论文选编.中国植物病理学会青年委员会,2015:4.
[21]李健强,李洪连,袁红霞,等.种子包衣防治玉米苗期病害及对生长和产量的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,1999(5):82-86.
[22]陈捷,窦恺,高永东,等.木霉菌在玉米病害生物防治中的作用机制及应用[J].菌物学报,2014,33(6):1154-1167.
[2]赵久然,杨国航,孙世贤,等.国家青贮玉米品种区域试验现状及发展趋势[J].作物杂志,2008(1):85-89.
[3]彭思姣,董召荣,李友强,等.不同饲用玉米品种产量及青贮品质比较分析[J].中国农学通报2013,29(20):17-20.
[4]王国栋,刘陇生,贺春贵,等.甘肃河西灌区饲用玉米全膜覆土高产节水栽培技术[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2015,34(4):66-67.
[5]白金凯.杂粮作物病害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997.
[6]陈天寿.微生物培养基的制造与应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[7]贾延祥,刘传德,吴桂本,等.小麦根腐镰刀菌鉴定及其生物学特性[J].植物保护学报,1995,22(3):259-624.
[8]何瑞,王建明.玉米苗枯病病原菌的分离及鉴定[J].山西农业科学,2012,40(3):260-263.
[9]方中达.植病研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1979.
[10]王振辰,郑重,叶玥明,等.常见镰刀菌鉴定指南[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.
[11]魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:科技出版社,1979.
[12]宿巧燕.蝴蝶花枯斑病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[D].重庆:西南农业大学,2003.
[13]张晶晶.酸浆根腐病病原菌分离鉴定及室内药剂筛选[D].沈阳:东北农业大学,2007.
[14]王鸣华,沈慧敏,周小毛.植物化学保护实验[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014.
[15]孙广勤.鲁西夏玉米苗期叶枯病发生特点与防治对策[J].作物杂志,2003(4):43-44.
[16]李军,赵雪峰,邓如正.玉米苗期根腐病的发生与防治[J].农业开发与装备,2014(7):123.
[17]李红,晋齐鸣,王立新.吉林省玉米苗期病虫害发生动态及防治对策[J].吉林农业科学,2002(S1):33-34.
[18]赵晓军,石秀清,赵子俊,等.武将450FS悬浮种衣剂对玉米苗期病害的防治效果[J].中国种业,2006(8):29-30.
[19]纪莉景,栗秋生,王连生,等.河北省夏玉米苗期根病发生现状及病原初探[J].玉米科学,2014,22(6):138-141.
[20]纪莉景.河北省玉米根腐病病原菌组成及防治药剂筛选[C]∥中国植物病理学会青年委员会.植物病理学研究进展---中国植物病理学会第十二届青年学术研讨会论文选编.中国植物病理学会青年委员会,2015:4.
[21]李健强,李洪连,袁红霞,等.种子包衣防治玉米苗期病害及对生长和产量的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,1999(5):82-86.
[22]陈捷,窦恺,高永东,等.木霉菌在玉米病害生物防治中的作用机制及应用[J].菌物学报,2014,33(6):1154-1167.