浅谈GPS在地质剖面测量中的应用及地质剖面绘制中的便捷方法
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摘要
为提高森林沼泽景观浅覆盖区地质剖面测量的精度和效率,本文以黑龙江省呼玛县早侏罗世正长花岗岩剖面测量为例,探讨利用GPS测量技术进行地质剖面测量的方法和流程。结果表明,利用GPS工具,通过室内数据准备-野外GPS数据采集-室内数据处理-剖面图的生成等流程,并结合SECTION软件及EXCEL软件,可以避免视野通透性差、测量路线障碍物多、地形复杂等许多不利因素,以较小的误差较快的速度实现地质剖面测量。
The Early Jurassic syenogranite section measurement in Huma,Heilongjiang is taken as an example to discuss the method and process of the geological section measurement using GPS technology to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the geological section survey in the shallow covering area of forest swamp. The results show that using GPS tool,through the process of indoor data preparation-field GPS data acquisition-indoor data processing-section generation,combining SECTION and EXCEL softwares,many unfavorable factors such as poor visual field permeability,obstacles in the measuring route and complex terrain can be avoided,and accurate and efficient geological section measurement can be achieved.
The Early Jurassic syenogranite section measurement in Huma,Heilongjiang is taken as an example to discuss the method and process of the geological section measurement using GPS technology to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the geological section survey in the shallow covering area of forest swamp. The results show that using GPS tool,through the process of indoor data preparation-field GPS data acquisition-indoor data processing-section generation,combining SECTION and EXCEL softwares,many unfavorable factors such as poor visual field permeability,obstacles in the measuring route and complex terrain can be avoided,and accurate and efficient geological section measurement can be achieved.
引文
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[18]李崇贵.手持式GPS接收机在林区定位的稳定性研究[J].深圳职业技术学院学报,2003(1):6-10.LI Chong-gui. Study on the stability of hand-held GPS receiver for positioning in forest region[J]. Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic,2003(1):6-10.
[19]夏广岭,王美英.手持GPS接收机定位精度提高方法及应用[J].工程勘察,2018(6):54-56.XIA Guang-ling, WANG Mei-ying. Application and method of improving positioning accuracy of handheld GPS receiver[J]. Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2018(6):54-56.
[20]赵文婷,胡道功.东昆仑地质填图中北斗卫星定位系统应用研究[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(3):254-263.ZHAO Wen-ting,HU Dao-gong. Application of Beidou satellite positioning system in geological mapping in East Kunlun[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2012, 18(3):254-263.
[21] Lin J Y,Wang R,Xiao Z X,et al. Application of backpack Lidar to geological cross-section measurement[C]//Proceedings of SPIE 10605,LIDAR Imaging Detection and Target Recognition. Changchun:SPIE,2017,106050J.
[22]任凯珍,王斌强,柴智,等. GPS与全站仪在地质剖面测量中的应用[J].城市地质,2010,5(1):40-41.REN Kai-zhen,WANG Bin-qiang,CHAI Zhi,et al.Elementary discussions on the application of GPS and electronic total station in geological profile survey[J].Urban Geology,2010,5(1):40-41.
[2]辜平阳,陈瑞明,查显峰,等.高山峡谷区1∶50000地质填图技术方法探索与实践:以新疆乌什北山为例[J].地质力学学报,2016,22(4):837-855.GU Ping-yang, CHEN Rui-ming, CHA Xian-feng, et al. Exploration and practice of 1∶500 00 geological mapping techniques for alpine-gorge area:a case study in Beishan area of Wushi,Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2016,22(4):837-855.
[3]贾丽云,叶培盛,张绪教,等.新构造填图方法探索、应用与实践:以内蒙古呼勒斯太苏木图幅1∶5万填图试点为例[J].地质力学学报,2017,23(2):189-205.JIA Li-yun, YE Pei-sheng, ZHANG Xu-jiao, et al.Application and practice of the neotectonic geological mapping methods:a case study of 1∶500 00 mapping pilot in Hulesitai,Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2017,23(2):189-205.
[4]中国地质调查局. 1∶5万覆盖区区域地质调查工作指南[R].哈尔滨:黑龙江省地质调查研究总院,2015.China Geological Survey. A guide for geological survey work of 1∶500 00 geological mapping for shallow covering area[R]. Harbin:Heilongjiang Institute of Geological Survey,2015.
[5]中国地质调查局. 1∶5万区域地质调查工作指南[R].哈尔滨:黑龙江省地质调查研究总院,2015.China Geological Survey. A guide for geological survey work of 1∶50000 geological mapping[R]. Harbin:Heilongjiang Institute of Geological Survey,2015.
[6] Dixonth. An introduction to the global positioning system and some geological application[J]. Reviews of Geophys,1991,29:249-276.
[7]江在森,马宗晋,牛安福,等. GPS技术应用于中国地壳运动研究的方法及初步结果[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1):71-79.JIANG Zai-sen,MA Zong-jin,NIU An-fu,et al. Approaches and preliminary results of crust movement researches based on the GPS in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(1):71-79.
[8]吝全奎. GPS测量技术在滑坡监测中的应用[J].西北水电,2002,2:32-33.LIN Quan-kui. Application of GPS technique in landslide monitoring[J]. Northwest Water Power,2002,2:32-33.
[9]冯仲科,游先祥.普通手持式GPS接收机用于林区近实时差分定位的研究[J].林业科学,2000,36(6):116-118.FENG Zhong-ke, YOU Xian-xiang. Study on forestry near-real time differential positioning portable GPS receiver[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2000,36(6):116-118.
[10]罗旭,李建双,赵岩,等.手持式GPS在遮挡条件下提高定位精度的研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2007,23(2):248-252.LUO Xu, LI Jian-shuang, ZHAO Yan, et al. The study on improving positioning accuracy by portable GPS receiver under obstruction conditions[J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2007,23(2):248-252.
[11]谭伟,王开琳,罗旭,等.手持GPS在不同林分下的定位精度分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(增刊1):163-167.TAN Wei,WANG Kai-lin,LUO Xu,et al. Positioning precision with handset GPS receiver in different stands[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2008,30(Suppl. 1):163-167.
[12]吴良士.地质填图篇(2)[J].矿床地质,2014,33(2):444-446.WU Liang-shi. Geological mapping(2)[J]. Mineral Deposits,2014,33(2):444-446.
[13]丁继新,马捷,尚彦军,等. GPS手持机在野外地质填图中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2007(1):89-93.DING Ji-xin,MA Jie,SHANG Yan-jun,et al. Application of hand-holding GPS receiver in the geological mapping[J]. Geology and Prospecting,2007(1):89-93.
[14]李天文. GIS和DGPS一体化方法在地质填图中的应用[J].西安矿业学院学报,1999,19(1):18-21.LI Tian-wen. Application of DGPS combined with GIS in geological mapping[J]. Journal of Xi'an Mining Institute,1999,19(1):18-21.
[15]冯晓娜,徐文兵,汤孟平,等.集思宝G330手持全球定位系统接收机在林区单点定位的精度分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2013,30(5):640-647.FENG Xiao-na,XU Wen-bing,TANG Meng-ping,et al. Analysis of single-point positioning precision in forestry using a G330 handheld GPS receiver[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2013,30(5):640-647.
[16]徐文兵,李卫国,汤孟平,等.林区地形条件对GPS定位精度的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2011,31(3):19-24.XU Wen-bing,LI Wei-guo,TANG Meng-ping,et al.Effect of forested terrain on the positioning accuracy of GPS[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology,2011,31(3):19-24.
[17]朱秀杰,刘鹏举,唐小明,等.三类调查中手持GPS面积精度试验研究[J].林业资源管理,2008(3):105-107.ZHU Xiu-jie,LIU Peng-ju,TANG Xiao-ming,et al.Study on GPS's area precision in forestry investigation for designing[J]. Forest Resources Management,2008(3):105-107.
[18]李崇贵.手持式GPS接收机在林区定位的稳定性研究[J].深圳职业技术学院学报,2003(1):6-10.LI Chong-gui. Study on the stability of hand-held GPS receiver for positioning in forest region[J]. Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic,2003(1):6-10.
[19]夏广岭,王美英.手持GPS接收机定位精度提高方法及应用[J].工程勘察,2018(6):54-56.XIA Guang-ling, WANG Mei-ying. Application and method of improving positioning accuracy of handheld GPS receiver[J]. Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2018(6):54-56.
[20]赵文婷,胡道功.东昆仑地质填图中北斗卫星定位系统应用研究[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(3):254-263.ZHAO Wen-ting,HU Dao-gong. Application of Beidou satellite positioning system in geological mapping in East Kunlun[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2012, 18(3):254-263.
[21] Lin J Y,Wang R,Xiao Z X,et al. Application of backpack Lidar to geological cross-section measurement[C]//Proceedings of SPIE 10605,LIDAR Imaging Detection and Target Recognition. Changchun:SPIE,2017,106050J.
[22]任凯珍,王斌强,柴智,等. GPS与全站仪在地质剖面测量中的应用[J].城市地质,2010,5(1):40-41.REN Kai-zhen,WANG Bin-qiang,CHAI Zhi,et al.Elementary discussions on the application of GPS and electronic total station in geological profile survey[J].Urban Geology,2010,5(1):40-41.