上海动物园斑嘴环企鹅繁殖数据相关性分析
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摘要
根据2008～2018年上海动物园斑嘴环企鹅种群的繁殖数据,运用双变量相关性分析的方法,分析入孵数、受精数和出雏数的相关性。研究结果显示:入孵数与受精数相关系数为0. 432(P <0. 05);入孵数与出雏数相关系数为0. 447(P <0. 05);受精数与出雏数相关系数为0. 895(P <0. 01),呈现显著正相关性。其中入孵数与受精数以及入孵数与出雏数在0. 05水平(双侧)上显著相关,相关程度为中等相关;受精数与出雏数在0. 01水平(双侧)上极显著相关,相关程度为强相关。分析得出:入孵数与受精数以及入孵数与出雏数在变化趋势上有同步性,但是并没有必然因果关系,而出雏数主要取决于受精数,受精数直接影响出雏数,根据分析结果对上海动物园圈养斑嘴环企鹅种群发展制定相应措施。
According to the breeding data of African penguin( Spheniscus demersus) at Shanghai Zoo,the relationships between clutch size,fertilization percentage,and hatchling numbers were analyzed by using bivariate correlation analysis. The correlation coefficient between clutch size and fertilization number was 0. 432( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between clutch size and hatching number was 0. 447( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between fertilization percentage and hatching number was 0. 895( P < 0. 01). Among them,the number of egg production is significantly correlated with the number of fertilization and hatching at the level of 0. 05( bilateral),and the degree of correlation is moderate; The number of fertilizations is significantly correlated with the number of hatching at the level of 0. 01( bilateral),and the degree of correlation is strongly correlated.Analysis obtained: egg production number and fertilization number,egg production number and hatching number have a synchronism in the trend of change,but there is no actual inevitability link,and hatching number basically depends on fertilization number,fertilization number affects hatching number directly. Based on these results,measures will be formulated for the population development of captive African penguin at Shanghai Zoo.
According to the breeding data of African penguin( Spheniscus demersus) at Shanghai Zoo,the relationships between clutch size,fertilization percentage,and hatchling numbers were analyzed by using bivariate correlation analysis. The correlation coefficient between clutch size and fertilization number was 0. 432( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between clutch size and hatching number was 0. 447( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between fertilization percentage and hatching number was 0. 895( P < 0. 01). Among them,the number of egg production is significantly correlated with the number of fertilization and hatching at the level of 0. 05( bilateral),and the degree of correlation is moderate; The number of fertilizations is significantly correlated with the number of hatching at the level of 0. 01( bilateral),and the degree of correlation is strongly correlated.Analysis obtained: egg production number and fertilization number,egg production number and hatching number have a synchronism in the trend of change,but there is no actual inevitability link,and hatching number basically depends on fertilization number,fertilization number affects hatching number directly. Based on these results,measures will be formulated for the population development of captive African penguin at Shanghai Zoo.
引文
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[19]张录强,杨振才,孙儒泳.鸟类驯养中的光照管理[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):70-73.
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[22]黄康宁,张志浩,裴恩乐.上海动物园圈养斑嘴环企鹅种群统计学与遗传学分析[J].四川动物,2018,37(2):164-171.
[23]耿广耀,袁耀华,刘群秀,等.上海动物园非洲企鹅种群线粒体DNA序列分析及遗传管理建议[J].野生动物学报,2015,36(2):206-210.
[24]Kleiman D G,Thompson K V,Baer C K.Wild mammals in captivity:principle and techniques for zoo management[M].London:University of Chicago Press,2010.
[2]吴友吕,陈波.阿德雷企鹅卵壳的扫描电子显微分析[J].南极研究:中文版,1994,6(1):35-39.
[3]Pütz K,Clausen A P,Huin N,et al.Re-evaluation of historical rockhopper penguin population data in the Falkland Islands[J].Waterbirds,2003,26(2):169-175.
[4]吴志勇,王晓虹,易萍,等.斑嘴环企鹅人工繁育初探[J].江西畜牧兽医杂志,2016(2):47-48.
[5]李洪文,刘选珍,吴旭东.斑嘴环企鹅的人工孵育技术[J].经济动物学报,2014,18(3):128-132.
[6]陈云霜,李仲逵,付建义,等.斑嘴环企鹅的饲养和繁殖[M]//中国鸟类协会,台北市野鸟协会,中国野生动物保护协会.中国鸟类学研究---第四届海峡两岸鸟类学术研讨会文集.北京:中国林业出版社,2000:97-99.
[7]王建,沈莉萍,徐锋,等.企鹅源嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定[J].动物医学进展,2009,30(5):114-116.
[8]朱明霞,刘桂芹,刘文强.樱桃谷鸭种蛋受精率和孵化率的相关性分析与应用[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(2):410-412.
[9]张艳艳,李昂,温俊,等.AA+种鸡产蛋率、受精率、孵化率的相关分析[J].福建畜牧兽医,2007(增刊1):40-42.
[10]郭蓉,崔璨,李思辰,等.江西绿壳蛋鸡生产性能及孵化性能与蛋品质的相关性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(10):2994-3000.
[11]陈会新.伊莎褐蛋鸡种蛋受精率和孵化率之间的相关性分析[J].浙江畜牧兽医,1991(3):14-15.
[12]高湘昀,安海忠,方伟.基于复杂网络的时间序列双变量相关性波动研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(9):098902-1-098920-9.
[13]包世增,龙惠勤,邱世保,等.关于AA父母代种鸡产蛋率、受精率、孵化率相关的研究[J].当代畜牧,1990(3):4-8.
[14]李仲逵,杨天春,陈云霜,等.斑嘴环企鹅孵化与育雏[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004(增刊1):126-129.
[15]常洪宇,汪茹,汪翠,等.禽曲霉菌病的流行、诊断与中药防治[J].现代畜牧科技,2016(5):105.
[16]张琼方,孔阳光,杨玉荣,等.企鹅和鸡曲霉菌性肉芽肿的病理组织学[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(8):1393-1396.
[17]刘芳远,黄康宁,刘群秀,等.圈养斑嘴环企鹅种群生存力分析[J].野生动物学报,2018,39(2):360-365.
[18]孙维萍,蔡明红,王海燕,等.阿德雷岛企鹅种群分布、繁殖行为及其环境影响因子分析[J].极地研究,2010,22(1):33-41.
[19]张录强,杨振才,孙儒泳.鸟类驯养中的光照管理[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):70-73.
[20]齐新永,赵兴绪,刘佩红.番鸭曲霉菌病的病理学诊断[J].中国兽医杂志,2016,52(12):44-45;51.
[21]Richard J L,Thurston J R.Rapid hematogenous dissemination of Aspergillus fumigatus and A.flavus spores in Turkey poults following aerosol exposure[J].Avian Diseases,1983,27(4):1025-1033.
[22]黄康宁,张志浩,裴恩乐.上海动物园圈养斑嘴环企鹅种群统计学与遗传学分析[J].四川动物,2018,37(2):164-171.
[23]耿广耀,袁耀华,刘群秀,等.上海动物园非洲企鹅种群线粒体DNA序列分析及遗传管理建议[J].野生动物学报,2015,36(2):206-210.
[24]Kleiman D G,Thompson K V,Baer C K.Wild mammals in captivity:principle and techniques for zoo management[M].London:University of Chicago Press,2010.