产业升级推动了中国城市绿色增长吗?
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摘要
产业升级作为经济结构调整的重要任务,是转变经济增长方式和实现经济集约化发展的主要途径。城市是实现绿色增长的重要载体,产业升级是否能够推动城市绿色增长,一个考察重点就在于产业升级是否促进了作为经济绿色增长主要动力的绿色全要素生产率的提升。通过DDF-ML指数测度中国266个城市2006—2015年的绿色全要素生产率,并且从产业结构合理化和产业结构高级化两个维度上构造产业结构升级指标体系,对于中国城市产业结构升级与绿色增长之间关系的检验结果表明:中国城市整体绿色全要素生产率在10年间呈现上升趋势,且存在较为明显的路径依赖特征;产业高级化对于绿色增长具有正向作用,而产业结构合理化对绿色增长的影响则因不同城市所处的发展阶段不同而有着明显差异:对于"领先型"城市,产业结构合理化对绿色增长有促进作用;对于"追赶型"城市和"落后型"城市,合理化对于绿色增长反而有着负向的影响。因此应针对不同地区的实际发展水平,制定差异化的产业政策并且多管齐下,使各类配套措施与产业结构升级形成良性互动机制,最终推动城市绿色增长。
As a primary mission of economic structure adjustment, the upgrading of industrial structure is one of the principle methods to change the economic growth mode and to achieve the intensive economy development and it can promote the green development of cities, mainly testified by whether it facilitates the increase of green total factor productivity(GTFP), serving as the main driving force of green development. By measuring the GTFP of 266 cities in China from 2006 to 2015 via DDF-ML index, the author formulated the system of industrial structure upgrading from rationalization and optimization and the GMM dynamic panel model to study the relationship between the industrial structure upgrading and the GTFP of the 266 cities. The results show that the GTFP of cities in China grew upwardly in 10 years and featured with path dependence. The optimization has a positive effect on green growth, while rationalization has an obviously different impact on different stages of cities' development. The impact of rationalization is positive for "leading-type" cities, and negative for the "catching-up-type" cities and "backward-type" cities. Therefore, according to the developing levels in different regions, different industrial policies and measures should be worked out for a good interaction mechanism between supporting measures and the industrial structure upgrading, and ultimately drive forward green growth of cities.
As a primary mission of economic structure adjustment, the upgrading of industrial structure is one of the principle methods to change the economic growth mode and to achieve the intensive economy development and it can promote the green development of cities, mainly testified by whether it facilitates the increase of green total factor productivity(GTFP), serving as the main driving force of green development. By measuring the GTFP of 266 cities in China from 2006 to 2015 via DDF-ML index, the author formulated the system of industrial structure upgrading from rationalization and optimization and the GMM dynamic panel model to study the relationship between the industrial structure upgrading and the GTFP of the 266 cities. The results show that the GTFP of cities in China grew upwardly in 10 years and featured with path dependence. The optimization has a positive effect on green growth, while rationalization has an obviously different impact on different stages of cities' development. The impact of rationalization is positive for "leading-type" cities, and negative for the "catching-up-type" cities and "backward-type" cities. Therefore, according to the developing levels in different regions, different industrial policies and measures should be worked out for a good interaction mechanism between supporting measures and the industrial structure upgrading, and ultimately drive forward green growth of cities.
引文
冯志军、康鑫、陈伟,2016:《知识产权管理、产业升级与绿色经济增长——以产业转型升级期的广东为例》,《中国科技论坛》第1期。
付凌晖,2010:《中国产业结构高级化与经济增长关系的实证研究》,《统计研究》第8期。
干春晖、郑若谷、余典范,2011:《中国产业结构变迁对经济增长和波动的影响》,《经济研究》第5期。
吕明元、尤萌萌,2013:《韩国产业结构变迁对经济增长方式转型的影响——基于能耗碳排放的实证分析》,《世界经济研究》第7期。
钱争鸣、刘晓晨,2014:《环境管制、产业结构调整与地区经济发展》,《经济学家》第7期。
杨仁发,2013:《产业集聚与地区工资差距——基于中国269个城市的实证研究》,《管理世界》第8期。
原毅军、董琨,2008:《产业结构的变动与优化》,大连:大连理工大学出版社。
赵霄伟,2014:《地方政府间环境规制竞争策略及其地区增长效应——来自地级市以上城市面板的经验数据》,《财贸经济》第10期。
周林、杨云龙、刘伟,1987:《用产业政策推进发展与改革——关于设计现阶段中国产业政策的研究报告》《经济研究》第3期。
Chung,Y.H.,R.F?re and S.Grosskopf,1997,“Productivity and Undesirable Outputs:A Directional Distance Function Approach”,Journal of Environmental Management,51(3):229-240.
Goldsmith,R.W.,1951,“A Perpetual Inventory of National Wealth”,Studies in Income and Wealth,14:5-73.
Harberger,A.C.,1988,“Perspectives on Capital and Technology in Less-developed Countries”,Estudios De Economía,15(1):1-24.
Ji,C.,1995,“Old and New Development Models:The Taiwanese Experience”,Takatoshi Ito and Anne O.Krueger (eds),Growth Theories in Light of the East Asian Experience,NBER-EASE,Volume 4:105-127,University of Chicago Press.
Porter,M.E.and V.D.L.Claas,1995,“Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship”,Journal of Economic Perspectives,9(4):97-118.
(1)由于版面所限,没有列出各城市GTFP数值,如果需要,可以向作者索要。
付凌晖,2010:《中国产业结构高级化与经济增长关系的实证研究》,《统计研究》第8期。
干春晖、郑若谷、余典范,2011:《中国产业结构变迁对经济增长和波动的影响》,《经济研究》第5期。
吕明元、尤萌萌,2013:《韩国产业结构变迁对经济增长方式转型的影响——基于能耗碳排放的实证分析》,《世界经济研究》第7期。
钱争鸣、刘晓晨,2014:《环境管制、产业结构调整与地区经济发展》,《经济学家》第7期。
杨仁发,2013:《产业集聚与地区工资差距——基于中国269个城市的实证研究》,《管理世界》第8期。
原毅军、董琨,2008:《产业结构的变动与优化》,大连:大连理工大学出版社。
赵霄伟,2014:《地方政府间环境规制竞争策略及其地区增长效应——来自地级市以上城市面板的经验数据》,《财贸经济》第10期。
周林、杨云龙、刘伟,1987:《用产业政策推进发展与改革——关于设计现阶段中国产业政策的研究报告》《经济研究》第3期。
Chung,Y.H.,R.F?re and S.Grosskopf,1997,“Productivity and Undesirable Outputs:A Directional Distance Function Approach”,Journal of Environmental Management,51(3):229-240.
Goldsmith,R.W.,1951,“A Perpetual Inventory of National Wealth”,Studies in Income and Wealth,14:5-73.
Harberger,A.C.,1988,“Perspectives on Capital and Technology in Less-developed Countries”,Estudios De Economía,15(1):1-24.
Ji,C.,1995,“Old and New Development Models:The Taiwanese Experience”,Takatoshi Ito and Anne O.Krueger (eds),Growth Theories in Light of the East Asian Experience,NBER-EASE,Volume 4:105-127,University of Chicago Press.
Porter,M.E.and V.D.L.Claas,1995,“Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship”,Journal of Economic Perspectives,9(4):97-118.
(1)由于版面所限,没有列出各城市GTFP数值,如果需要,可以向作者索要。