基于激光扫描的三维数字露头表征技术在现代岩溶研究的应用
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摘要
由于当代地质学发展趋向精细化、定量化,研究的地质目标尺度越来越小,已有的地质体表征技术亟待改进.现代岩溶现象在地下发育的溶洞系统具有更为复杂的三维空间结构和多变的环境特征,传统的地质考察方法已无法满足其研究需要.现利用三维激光扫描的技术特点,提出基于激光扫描的三维数字露头表征技术,利用三维激光扫描仪采集现代岩溶的溶洞三维模型进行岩溶现象的观察和分析.研究表明,传统野外地质考察具有一定局限性,利用三维激光扫描技术的特点,实现了湖南龙王洞的数据采集、数据处理及三维数据模型建立,采集处理后的模型精度较高、完整度和系统性较好.三维激光扫描技术实现了数字露头的建立和定量化程度的提高,是辅助地质研究者野外考察的有力工具.
As the development of contemporary geology tends to be refined and quantified,the scale of geological target is becoming smaller and smaller,and the existing geological body characterization technology needs to be improved urgently. The underground karst cave system developed by modern karst phenomena has more complex three-dimensional spatial structure and changeable environmental characteristics. Traditional geological investigation methods can not meet the needs of its research. Based on the technical characteristics of 3 D laser scanning,a threedimensional digital outcrop characterization technique based on laser scanning is proposed. The three-dimensional model of karst caves collected by three-dimensional laser scanner is used to observe and analyze karst phenomena.The research shows that the traditional field geological investigation has some limitations,by using the characteristics of three-dimensional laser scanning technology,the data acquisition,data processing and three-dimensional data model establishment of Longwangdong in Hunan Province have been realized. The model after acquisition and processing has high accuracy,integrity and good systematicness. Three-dimensional laser scanning technology realizes the establishment of Digital Outcrop and the improvement of quantitative degree,and is a powerful tool for assisting geological researchers in field investigation.
As the development of contemporary geology tends to be refined and quantified,the scale of geological target is becoming smaller and smaller,and the existing geological body characterization technology needs to be improved urgently. The underground karst cave system developed by modern karst phenomena has more complex three-dimensional spatial structure and changeable environmental characteristics. Traditional geological investigation methods can not meet the needs of its research. Based on the technical characteristics of 3 D laser scanning,a threedimensional digital outcrop characterization technique based on laser scanning is proposed. The three-dimensional model of karst caves collected by three-dimensional laser scanner is used to observe and analyze karst phenomena.The research shows that the traditional field geological investigation has some limitations,by using the characteristics of three-dimensional laser scanning technology,the data acquisition,data processing and three-dimensional data model establishment of Longwangdong in Hunan Province have been realized. The model after acquisition and processing has high accuracy,integrity and good systematicness. Three-dimensional laser scanning technology realizes the establishment of Digital Outcrop and the improvement of quantitative degree,and is a powerful tool for assisting geological researchers in field investigation.
引文
[1]肖笛.海相碳酸盐岩早成岩期岩溶及其储层特征研究[D].南充:西南石油大学,2017.
[2]夏凯生.乌江下游岩溶地貌形态、发育与演化研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[3]印森林,陈恭洋,刘兆良,等.基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维数字露头表征技术[J].沉积学报,2018,36(1):72-80.
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[5]陈兵.三维激光扫描技术在地铁隧道限界测量中的应用[J].南方国土资源,2018(8):42-45.
[6]曹思语,曹成度,李海亮.天宝SX10地面激光扫描仪在铁路工点勘察中的应用[J].测绘通报,2018(7):153-155.
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[14]孙保燕,翁裕育,贾巧志,等.影像建模和激光扫描技术融合在溶洞建模的研究与实践[J].长江科学院院报,2018,35(10):153-157.
[15]梁晨,张安兵,杜赛赛,等.基于三维激光扫描技术的数字校园建模[J].科技视界,2018(23):163-165.
[16]郑俊,杨志强,张凯南.基于三维激光扫描数据的建筑物建模研究[J].北京测绘,2018,32(7):773-777.
[17]马华宇.三维激光扫描仪在隧道工程建设中的应用[J].公路工程,2018,43(3):96-100.
[18]范国敏.三维激光扫描仪在露天矿山测量中的应用[J].世界有色金属,2018(1):33-34.
[19]陈宁.三维激光扫描仪在地形测量中的应用探析[J].城市建设理论研究(电子版),2017(20):179.
[20]郭建华,朱美衡,刘辰生,等.湖南桑植-石门复向斜走廊剖面构造特征分析[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005(2):215-222.
[21]王卓琼.桑植-石门复向斜构造特征与形成演化[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2018,31(1):5-7,17.
[22]王晓飞.张家界温塘地区志留系沉积构造及沉积相研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2013,33(1):49-54.
[2]夏凯生.乌江下游岩溶地貌形态、发育与演化研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[3]印森林,陈恭洋,刘兆良,等.基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维数字露头表征技术[J].沉积学报,2018,36(1):72-80.
[4]仲照东,任子炎,陈刚,等.三维激光扫描技术的地形测绘研究[J].激光杂志,2018,39(7):92-95.
[5]陈兵.三维激光扫描技术在地铁隧道限界测量中的应用[J].南方国土资源,2018(8):42-45.
[6]曹思语,曹成度,李海亮.天宝SX10地面激光扫描仪在铁路工点勘察中的应用[J].测绘通报,2018(7):153-155.
[7]任凌雲.三维激光扫描技术在建筑基坑施工检测中的应用[J].价值工程,2018,37(26):235-236.
[8]王智,薛慧艳.三维激光扫描技术在异形建筑竣工测量中的应用[J].测绘通报,2018(7):149-152.
[9]张国丽,魏传喜.三维激光扫描技术在小区域滑坡体变形监测中的应用[J].海河水利,2018(4):62-64,67.
[10]高磊,李卫新,纪勇.VZ1000型三维激光扫描仪在山地地形图测绘中的应用[J].工程建设与设计,2018(14):40-41.
[11]周欣.三维激光扫描仪在地质灾害地形测绘中的应用[J].中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊),2018(7):147-148.
[12]田峰.浅谈三维激光扫描技术在地籍测绘中的应用[J].中国标准化,2018(10):238-239.
[13]丁孝银,肖昭然.基于三维激光扫描仪的地形变化监测[J].中国设备工程,2018(10):101-103.
[14]孙保燕,翁裕育,贾巧志,等.影像建模和激光扫描技术融合在溶洞建模的研究与实践[J].长江科学院院报,2018,35(10):153-157.
[15]梁晨,张安兵,杜赛赛,等.基于三维激光扫描技术的数字校园建模[J].科技视界,2018(23):163-165.
[16]郑俊,杨志强,张凯南.基于三维激光扫描数据的建筑物建模研究[J].北京测绘,2018,32(7):773-777.
[17]马华宇.三维激光扫描仪在隧道工程建设中的应用[J].公路工程,2018,43(3):96-100.
[18]范国敏.三维激光扫描仪在露天矿山测量中的应用[J].世界有色金属,2018(1):33-34.
[19]陈宁.三维激光扫描仪在地形测量中的应用探析[J].城市建设理论研究(电子版),2017(20):179.
[20]郭建华,朱美衡,刘辰生,等.湖南桑植-石门复向斜走廊剖面构造特征分析[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005(2):215-222.
[21]王卓琼.桑植-石门复向斜构造特征与形成演化[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2018,31(1):5-7,17.
[22]王晓飞.张家界温塘地区志留系沉积构造及沉积相研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2013,33(1):49-54.
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