钬铥双掺钨酸镱钾激光晶体光谱参数计算（英文）
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摘要
采用顶部籽晶提拉法(TSSG)生长了钬铥双掺钨酸镱钾(KHo_(0.04)Tm_(0.06)Yb_(0.9)(WO_4)_2)激光晶体。测试了该晶体的吸收及荧光光谱,计算了其光谱参数。实验结果表明:该晶体在890~1 000 nm范围吸收带较宽,半峰宽为90 nm,计算了主峰1 000 nm处吸收截面为16.92×10~(-20)cm~2;Tm~(3+)在1 690~1 812 nm范围存在较宽的吸收带,半峰宽为118 nm,易于实现Yb→Ho、Yb→Tm、Tm→Ho的能量传递。根据Judd-Ofelt理论,计算了该晶体的光谱强度参数。根据Tm~(3+)、Ho~(3+)、Yb~(3+)离子能级图,讨论了产生1 750~2 200 nm荧光发射的3种能量传递方式。最后计算了主峰2 030 nm处受激发射截面为3.47×10~(-20)cm~2,表明该晶体可作为2μm波段优异的激光增益介质。
KHo_(0.04)Tm_(0.06)Yb_(0.9)(WO_4)_2laser crystal was grown by the top seeded solution growth(TSSG)method.The absorption and fluorescent spectra of the crystal were measured,and the spectral parameters were calculated,too.The experimental results show that there is a broader absorption band at the range of 890-1 000 nm with a full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 90 nm.The absorption cross section of main emission peak at 1 000 nm is 16.92×10~(-20)cm~2.Meanwhile,Tm~(3+)ions in the crystal have a wider absorption band at 1 690-1 812 nm with a FWHM of 118 nm.Therefore,the energy transfer of Yb→Ho,Yb→Tm,Tm→Ho can be easily achieved.The spectral strength parameters of the crystal were calculated based on the Judd-Ofelt theory.According to the energy level diagram of Tm~(3+),Ho~(3+)and Yb~(3+)ions,three kinds of energy transfer modes at 1 750-2 200 nm emission were discussed.The stimulated emission cross section of main emission peak at 2 030 nm is 3.47×10~(-20)cm~2,which indicates that the crystal can be used as an excellent laser gain medium at the range of 2μm.
KHo_(0.04)Tm_(0.06)Yb_(0.9)(WO_4)_2laser crystal was grown by the top seeded solution growth(TSSG)method.The absorption and fluorescent spectra of the crystal were measured,and the spectral parameters were calculated,too.The experimental results show that there is a broader absorption band at the range of 890-1 000 nm with a full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 90 nm.The absorption cross section of main emission peak at 1 000 nm is 16.92×10~(-20)cm~2.Meanwhile,Tm~(3+)ions in the crystal have a wider absorption band at 1 690-1 812 nm with a FWHM of 118 nm.Therefore,the energy transfer of Yb→Ho,Yb→Tm,Tm→Ho can be easily achieved.The spectral strength parameters of the crystal were calculated based on the Judd-Ofelt theory.According to the energy level diagram of Tm~(3+),Ho~(3+)and Yb~(3+)ions,three kinds of energy transfer modes at 1 750-2 200 nm emission were discussed.The stimulated emission cross section of main emission peak at 2 030 nm is 3.47×10~(-20)cm~2,which indicates that the crystal can be used as an excellent laser gain medium at the range of 2μm.
引文
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[19]SARDAR D K,RUSSELL CC,YOW R M,et al..Spectroscopic analysis of the Er3+(4f11)absorption intensities in Na Bi(WO4)2[J].Appl.Phys.,2004,95(31):1180-1184.
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[2]孙超,朱忠丽,张莹.低温燃烧法制备的Ho∶Yb GG多晶粉体及其发光性能[J].发光学报,2014,35(9):1065-1070.SUN C,ZHU Z L,ZHANG Y.Ho∶Yb GG polycrystal powder synthesized by low temperature combustion method and its luminescent characteristics[J].Chin.J.Lumin.,2014,35(9):1065-1070.(in Chinese)
[3]付作岭,董晓睿,盛天琦,等.纳米晶体中稀土离子的发光性质及其变化机理研究[J].中国光学,2015,8(1):139-144.FU Z L,DONG X R,SHENG T Q,et al..Luminescene properties and various mechanisms of rare earth ions in the nanocrystals[J].Chin.Opt.,2015,8(1):139-144.(in Chinese)
[4]任国光,黄裕年.用激光红外干扰系统保护军用和民航机[J].激光与红外,2006,36(1):1-6.REN G G,HUANG Y N.Laser-based IRCM system defenses for military and commercial aircraft[J].Laser&Infrared,2006,36(1):1-6.(in Chinese)
[5]VODOPYANOV K L,STAFSUDD R.Generation of Q-switched Er∶YAG laser pulse evanescent wave absorption in ethanol[J].Appl.Phys.Lett.,1998,72:2211.
[6]SRINIVASAN B,TAFOYA J,JAIN R K.High-power“watt-level”CW operation of diode-pumped 2.7μm fiber laser using efficient cross-relaxation and energy transfer mechanisms[J].Opt.Experess,1999,4:495.
[7]REMSKI R,JAMES L T,GOOEN K H.Pulsed laser action in Li YF4∶Er3+,Ho3+at 77 K[J].IEEE Quant.Electron.,1969,5(4):214.
[8]IMAI S,YAMADA T,FUJIMORI Y,et al..A 20 W Cr3+,Tm3+,Ho3+∶YAG laser[J].Opt.Laser Technol.,1990,22(5):351-353.
[9]姚宝权,董力强,王月珠,等.激光二极管抽运Tm,Ho∶YLF微片激光器的实验研究[J].光学学报,2004,24(1):79-83.YAO B Q,DONG L Q,WANG Y Z,et al..Experimental study of microchip(Tm,Ho)∶YLF laser pumped by laser diode[J].Acta Opt.Sinica,2004,24(1):79-83.(in Chinese)
[10]何晓敏,张新陆,王月珠,等.激光二极管泵浦室温Tm,Ho∶YLF微片激光器的实验研究[J].激光与红外,2005,35(9):367-340.HE X M,ZHANG X L,WANG Y Z,et al..Experimental study of laser-diode pumped room temperature Tm,Ho∶YLF microchip laser[J].Laser&Infrared,2005,35(9):367-340.(in Chinese)
[11]张兴宝,姚宝权,王月珠,等.准四能级双掺Tm/Ho钒酸钆激光器[J].激光技术,2006,30(2):119-122.ZHANG X B,YAO B Q,WANG Y Z,et al..Quasi-four-level co-doped Tm/Ho gadolinium vanadate laser[J].Laser Technol.,2006,30(2):119-122.(in Chinese)
[12]BRENIER A.A new evaluation of Yb3+-doped crystals for laser applications[J].J.Lumin.,2001,92:199-201.
[13]张莹,刘景和,李春,等.高浓度铒离子掺杂钨酸镱钾激光晶体上转换发光研究[J].激光与红外工程,2012,41(9):2322-2327.ZHANG Y,LIU J H,LI C,et al..Up-conversion luminescence of highly Er3+-doped potassium ytterbium tungstate laser crystal[J].Infrared Laser Eng.,2012,41(9):2322-2327.(in Chinese)
[14]KLOPP P,GRIEBNER U,PETROV V,et al..Laser operation of the new stoichiometric crystal KYb(WO4)2[J].Appl.Phys.B,2002,74:185-189.
[15]MATEOS X,PUJOL M C,GELL F,et al..Sensitization of Er3+emission at 1.5μm by Yb3+in KYb(WO4)2single crystals[J].Phys.Rev.B,2002,66:214104.
[16]LOIKO P A,VILEJSHIKOVA E V,MATEOS X,et al..Europium doping in monoclinic KYb(WO4)2crystal[J].J.Lumin.,2017,183:217-225.
[17]LOIKO P,MATEOS X,DUNINA E,et al..Judd-Ofelt modelling and stimulated-emission cross-sections for Tb3+ions in monoclinic KYb(WO4)2crystal[J].J.Lumin.,2017,190:37-44.
[18]王宇明,张礼杰,雷鸣,等.泡生法生长KYb(WO4)2晶体及其结构与光谱性能[J].中国激光,2006,33(5):697-700.WANG Y M,ZHANG L J,LEI M,et al..Structure and spectra characteristics of KYb(WO4)2crystal grown by Kyropoulos method[J].Chin.J.Lasers,2006,33(5):697-700.(in Chinese)
[19]SARDAR D K,RUSSELL CC,YOW R M,et al..Spectroscopic analysis of the Er3+(4f11)absorption intensities in Na Bi(WO4)2[J].Appl.Phys.,2004,95(31):1180-1184.
[20]JUDD B R.Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions[J].Phys.Rev.,1962,127:750.
[21]OFELT G S.Intensities of crystal spectra of rare earth ions[J].J.Chem.Phys.,1962,37:511.