束流偏移量对IC10/GH3039电子束焊接头成型及性能的影响
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摘要
对航空发动机整体叶盘所采用的GH3039高温合金和IC10镍基单晶高温合金进行了电子束对接实验,IC10单晶高温合金与GH3039高温合金母材成分上的差异以及两侧熔化量不同,导致焊缝中各元素比例变化,使得接头力学性能出现差异。因此,通过电子束偏束流焊接来控制焊缝区各母材熔化量,来改善接头的力学性能。分析了光束偏移对接头力学性能的影响及典型接头横截面的组织特征,综合分析了光束偏移对焊缝微观硬度影响。结果表明,焊缝横截面未见裂纹、气孔等缺陷,焊缝上下宽度相当,最宽处达到1.8 mm左右,中心熔宽在0.8 mm左右,呈典型的"I"形,并以电子束作用中心为基准对称分布,焊缝组织主要由两侧的枝状晶及中心的等轴晶组成;接头的显微硬度从GH3039侧经焊缝到IC10侧呈逐渐递增趋势,W和Co元素的固溶强化、γ'强化相的含量的增加、晶粒粗化是显微硬度上升的原因,其中最高硬度可以达到HV 450。
The electron beam docking experiment of GH3039 superalloy and IC10 nickel base single crystal superalloy used in aeroengine integral impeller plate was carried out. The difference in composition between IC10 single crystal superalloy and GH3039 single crystal superalloy and the different melting amount on both sides were researched. The mechanical properties of the joints were different due to the change of proportion of each element in the weld. Therefore,electron beam welding was used to control the melting amount of each base metal in the weld zone to improve the mechanical properties of the joint. The influence of beam offset on the mechanical properties of joints and the microstructure of typical joints were analyzed,and the influence of beam offset on the microhardness of weld was analyzed synthetically. The results showed that the cross section of the weld seam had no defects such as cracks,air holes and the like,the width of the weld seam was equal to about 1. 8 mm,the width of the weld seam was about 1. 8 mm,the center fusion width was about 0. 8 mm,and the center of the weld was symmetrically distributed with the center of the electron beam action,and the weld structure was mainly composed of dendritic crystal at both sides and the isoaxial crystal of the center. The microhardness of the joint gradually increased from the GH3039 side to the IC10 side,the solid solution strengthening of the W and Co elements,the increase of content of γ' reinforcing phase and the coarse grain size were the cause of increase of microhardness,and the highest hardness could reach HV 450.
The electron beam docking experiment of GH3039 superalloy and IC10 nickel base single crystal superalloy used in aeroengine integral impeller plate was carried out. The difference in composition between IC10 single crystal superalloy and GH3039 single crystal superalloy and the different melting amount on both sides were researched. The mechanical properties of the joints were different due to the change of proportion of each element in the weld. Therefore,electron beam welding was used to control the melting amount of each base metal in the weld zone to improve the mechanical properties of the joint. The influence of beam offset on the mechanical properties of joints and the microstructure of typical joints were analyzed,and the influence of beam offset on the microhardness of weld was analyzed synthetically. The results showed that the cross section of the weld seam had no defects such as cracks,air holes and the like,the width of the weld seam was equal to about 1. 8 mm,the width of the weld seam was about 1. 8 mm,the center fusion width was about 0. 8 mm,and the center of the weld was symmetrically distributed with the center of the electron beam action,and the weld structure was mainly composed of dendritic crystal at both sides and the isoaxial crystal of the center. The microhardness of the joint gradually increased from the GH3039 side to the IC10 side,the solid solution strengthening of the W and Co elements,the increase of content of γ' reinforcing phase and the coarse grain size were the cause of increase of microhardness,and the highest hardness could reach HV 450.
引文
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[2]Zhang H Y,Zhang L F.Overview of domestic and international development of aero engine integral blade manufacturing technology[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2013,(23-24):38.
[3]Liu F G,Cheng J,Pan H S,Zheng G L.Study on microstructure and properties of GH3039 pulsed laser welding joint[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(3):64.
[4]Dong W U,Shanping L U,Dianzhong L I.Effect of welding thermal cycle on high temperature mechanical property of Ni-Fe base superalloy[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2014,35(9):69.
[5]Shen L X.Research on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser welded joint in nickel-based superalloy[J].Applied Laser Technology,2015,35(2):192.
[6]Ao S S,Luo Z,Shan P,Bu X Z,Liu W D.Microstructure of Inconel 601 nickel-based superalloy laser welded joint[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(8):2099.(敖三三,罗震,单平,步贤政,刘为东.Inconel 601镍基高温合金激光焊焊缝的显微组织[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(8):2099.)
[7]Churchman C,Bonifaz E A,Richards N L.Comparison of single crystal Ni based superalloy repair by gas tungsten arc and electron beam processes[J].Materials Science and Technology,2011,27(4):811.
[8]Sidhu R K,Ojo O A,Richards N L.Metallographic and OIM study of weld cracking in GTA weld build-up of polycrystalline[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2013,14(2):125.
[9]Wang N,Mokadem S,Rappaz M,Kurz W.Solidification cracking of superalloy single-and bi-crystals[J].Acta Materialia,2004,52(11):3173.
[10]Wang H Y,An Y Q,Li C Y,Chao B.Research progress of nickel base superalloy[J].Materials Review,2011,22(3):482.
[11]Shi C X,Zhong Z Y.Development and innovation of high temperature alloys in China[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2010,20(11):1281.
[12]Hu Q,Xiong J G,Wang L Q,Hu Q W.Laser welding of stainless steel[J].Electric Welding Machine,20(11):1281.
[13]Shi L Y,Liu Y M,Zhang S Q,Zhao X K.Effect of initial composition on microstructure and thickness offβlayer of gradient cemented carbide[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(7):1984.(史留勇,刘义敏,张守全,赵兴科.初始成分对梯度硬质合金微观组织及脱β层厚度的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(7):1984.)
[14]Zhao X H,Huang Z H,Tan Y N,Yu Q.Microstructure of IC10 superalloy[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2008,28(3):28.
[15]Cheng X X,Qu S J,Feng A H,Shen J.Progress in the study of the size effect of titanium and aluminum intermetallics[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2016,40:393.(程祥霞,曲寿江,冯艾寒,沈军.钛铝金属间化合物晶团与片层尺寸效应研究进展[J].稀有金属,2016,40(4):393.)