考虑启动压力的致密油水平井分段压裂后渗流规律电模拟
|
摘要
水平井分段压裂技术是致密油开采获取经济产量的有效手段,同时需克服启动压力后才能保障完整的渗流过程。基于水电相似原理,采用二极管击穿电压模拟致密油启动压力,自研了一套考虑启动压力的致密油水平井分段压裂后渗流规律电模拟装置。通过模拟结果分析,考虑启动压力后,变相地减少了致密油藏供给边界压力;致密油渗流过程压力损耗主要包括启动压力和基质渗流阻力。
Horizontal well staged fracturing technology is an effective method to obtain economic output from tight oil reservoir,and the complete seepage process can only be guaranteed after overcoming the start-up pressure.Based on the hydroelectric similarity principle,the diode breakdown voltage is used to simulate the kickoff pressure during tight oil seepage,a set of electrical simulation device has been developed.According to the analysis of the simulation results,considering the start-up pressure,the supply boundary pressure of tight reservoir is reduced in disguised form.The pressure loss mainly includes kickoff pressure and matrix seepage resistance.
Horizontal well staged fracturing technology is an effective method to obtain economic output from tight oil reservoir,and the complete seepage process can only be guaranteed after overcoming the start-up pressure.Based on the hydroelectric similarity principle,the diode breakdown voltage is used to simulate the kickoff pressure during tight oil seepage,a set of electrical simulation device has been developed.According to the analysis of the simulation results,considering the start-up pressure,the supply boundary pressure of tight reservoir is reduced in disguised form.The pressure loss mainly includes kickoff pressure and matrix seepage resistance.
引文
[1] 张君峰,毕海滨,许浩,等.国外致密油勘探开发新进展及借鉴意义[J].石油学报,2015,36(2):127-137.Zhang Junfeng,Bi Haibin,Xu Hao,et al.New progress and reference significance of overseas tight oil exploration and development[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(2):127-137.
[2] 杜金虎,何海清,杨涛,等.中国致密油勘探进展及面临的挑战[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(1):1-9.Du Jinhu,He Haiqing,Yang Tao,et al.Progress in China′s tight oil exploration and challenges[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(1):1-9.
[3] 许家峰,程林松,李春兰,等.普通稠油油藏启动压力梯度求解方法与应用[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(4):53-57.Xu Jiafeng,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Starting pressure gradient calculation and its application in conventional heavy oil reservoir[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(4):53-57.
[4] Ghoodjani E,Balouris S H.A study of enhanced heavy oil recovery by two well cyclical steam assisted gravity drainage(TWC-SAGD)in conventional and fractured Reservoirs[J].Energy Sources,2014,36(10):1065-1076.
[5] 郝斐,程林松,李春兰,等.特低渗透油藏启动压力梯度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,28(6):29-32.Hao Fei,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Study on threshold pressure gradient in ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2006,28(6):29-32.
[6] 张楠,王晓琴,徐锋,等.启动压力梯度和应力敏感效应对低渗透油藏直井产能的影响[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(1):74-77.Zhang Nan,Wang Xiaoqing,Xu Feng,et al.Effects of kickoff pressure gradient and stress sensitivity on the productivity of vertical wells in low permeability reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(1):74-77.
[7] 解宏伟,田世澄,赵岽,等.低渗油藏启动压力梯度在开发中的应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):28-31.Xie Hongwei,Tian Shicheng,Zhao Dong,et al.Apply starting pressure gradient to develop low-permeability oil reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Exploration & Development,2008,31(2):28-31.
[8] 郎兆新,张丽华,程林松.压裂水平井产能研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版):1994,18(2):43-46.Lang Zhaoxin,Zhang Lihua,Cheng Linsong.Investigation on productivity of fractured horizontal well[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),1994,18(2):43-46.
[9] 张学文,方宏长,裘怿楠,等.低渗透率油藏压裂水平井产能影响因素[J].石油学报,1999,20(4):59-63.Zhang Xuewen,Fang Hongchang,Qiu Yinan,et al.A study on factors affecting the performance of hydraulically fractured horizontal well in low permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(4):59-63.
[10] 宁正福,韩树刚,程林松,等.低渗透油气藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(3):69-71.Ning Zhengfu,Han Shugang,Cheng Linsong,et al.Productivity calculation method of fractured horizontal wells in low permeability oil or gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(3):69-71.
[11] 徐严波,齐桃,杨凤波,等.压裂后水平井产能预测新模型[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):89-91.Xu Yanbo,Qi Tao,Yang Fengbo,et al.New model for productivity test of horizontal well after hydraulic fracturing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):89-91.
[12] 曾凡辉,郭建春,徐严波,等.压裂水平井产能影响因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):474-477.Zeng Fanhui,Guo Jianchun,Xu Yanbo,et al.Factors affecting production capacity of fractured horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):474-477.
[13] 冉新权,程启贵,屈雪峰,等.特低渗透砂岩油藏水平井井网形式研究[J].石油学报,2009,29(1):89-92.Ran Xinquan,Cheng Qigui,Qu Xuefeng,et al.Study on horizontal well pattern in ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,29(1):89-92.
[14] 曾保全,程林松,李春兰,等.特低渗透油藏压裂水平井开发效果评价[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):791-796.Zeng Baoquan,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Development evaluation of fractured horizontal wells in ultra-low permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):791-796.
[15] 曲占庆,周丽萍,郭天魁,等.考虑启动压力梯度的直井压裂渗流模型与实验[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(22):17-23.Qu Zhanqing,Zhou Liping,Guo Tiankui,et al.Influent model of vertical well fracturing considering kickoff pressure gradient and laboratory experiment[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(22):17-23.
[16] 魏漪,冉启全,童敏,等.致密油压裂水平井全周期产能预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(1):99-106.Wei Yi,Ran Qiquan,Tong Min,et al.A full cycle productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal well in tight oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2016,38(1):99-106.
[17] 徐挺.相似理论与模型试验[M].北京:中国农业机械出版社,1982.
[2] 杜金虎,何海清,杨涛,等.中国致密油勘探进展及面临的挑战[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(1):1-9.Du Jinhu,He Haiqing,Yang Tao,et al.Progress in China′s tight oil exploration and challenges[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(1):1-9.
[3] 许家峰,程林松,李春兰,等.普通稠油油藏启动压力梯度求解方法与应用[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(4):53-57.Xu Jiafeng,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Starting pressure gradient calculation and its application in conventional heavy oil reservoir[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(4):53-57.
[4] Ghoodjani E,Balouris S H.A study of enhanced heavy oil recovery by two well cyclical steam assisted gravity drainage(TWC-SAGD)in conventional and fractured Reservoirs[J].Energy Sources,2014,36(10):1065-1076.
[5] 郝斐,程林松,李春兰,等.特低渗透油藏启动压力梯度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,28(6):29-32.Hao Fei,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Study on threshold pressure gradient in ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2006,28(6):29-32.
[6] 张楠,王晓琴,徐锋,等.启动压力梯度和应力敏感效应对低渗透油藏直井产能的影响[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(1):74-77.Zhang Nan,Wang Xiaoqing,Xu Feng,et al.Effects of kickoff pressure gradient and stress sensitivity on the productivity of vertical wells in low permeability reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(1):74-77.
[7] 解宏伟,田世澄,赵岽,等.低渗油藏启动压力梯度在开发中的应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):28-31.Xie Hongwei,Tian Shicheng,Zhao Dong,et al.Apply starting pressure gradient to develop low-permeability oil reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Exploration & Development,2008,31(2):28-31.
[8] 郎兆新,张丽华,程林松.压裂水平井产能研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版):1994,18(2):43-46.Lang Zhaoxin,Zhang Lihua,Cheng Linsong.Investigation on productivity of fractured horizontal well[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),1994,18(2):43-46.
[9] 张学文,方宏长,裘怿楠,等.低渗透率油藏压裂水平井产能影响因素[J].石油学报,1999,20(4):59-63.Zhang Xuewen,Fang Hongchang,Qiu Yinan,et al.A study on factors affecting the performance of hydraulically fractured horizontal well in low permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(4):59-63.
[10] 宁正福,韩树刚,程林松,等.低渗透油气藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(3):69-71.Ning Zhengfu,Han Shugang,Cheng Linsong,et al.Productivity calculation method of fractured horizontal wells in low permeability oil or gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(3):69-71.
[11] 徐严波,齐桃,杨凤波,等.压裂后水平井产能预测新模型[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):89-91.Xu Yanbo,Qi Tao,Yang Fengbo,et al.New model for productivity test of horizontal well after hydraulic fracturing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):89-91.
[12] 曾凡辉,郭建春,徐严波,等.压裂水平井产能影响因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):474-477.Zeng Fanhui,Guo Jianchun,Xu Yanbo,et al.Factors affecting production capacity of fractured horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):474-477.
[13] 冉新权,程启贵,屈雪峰,等.特低渗透砂岩油藏水平井井网形式研究[J].石油学报,2009,29(1):89-92.Ran Xinquan,Cheng Qigui,Qu Xuefeng,et al.Study on horizontal well pattern in ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,29(1):89-92.
[14] 曾保全,程林松,李春兰,等.特低渗透油藏压裂水平井开发效果评价[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):791-796.Zeng Baoquan,Cheng Linsong,Li Chunlan,et al.Development evaluation of fractured horizontal wells in ultra-low permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):791-796.
[15] 曲占庆,周丽萍,郭天魁,等.考虑启动压力梯度的直井压裂渗流模型与实验[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(22):17-23.Qu Zhanqing,Zhou Liping,Guo Tiankui,et al.Influent model of vertical well fracturing considering kickoff pressure gradient and laboratory experiment[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(22):17-23.
[16] 魏漪,冉启全,童敏,等.致密油压裂水平井全周期产能预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(1):99-106.Wei Yi,Ran Qiquan,Tong Min,et al.A full cycle productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal well in tight oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2016,38(1):99-106.
[17] 徐挺.相似理论与模型试验[M].北京:中国农业机械出版社,1982.