基于蜘蛛网结构的伞状可展机构设计与分析
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摘要
根据蜘蛛网结构的几何特点,建立了蜘蛛网的结构简化映射模型。在此基础上,以平面四杆曲柄滑块机构为可展单元提出了一种新型伞状可展机构。利用ANSYS Workbench软件对模型进行静力学分析与优化,给出了蜘蛛圆网结构模型中捕丝间距的最佳比例关系;同时,建立了蜘蛛网刚架模型的刚度矩阵,利用矩阵位移法给出了捕丝间的最优夹角。基于捕丝间距的最佳比例和捕丝最优夹角,提出了受力性能最佳的伞状可展机构,并对其静力学性能进行了仿真分析。结果表明:基于蜘蛛网结构模型优化后的伞状可展机构强度性能得到提升。最后,设计制造了展开直径为1.2 m的可展机构模型,并对其运动过程进行模拟,验证了模型展开与收拢过程的有效性。
A simplified structure mapping model of spider web was established according to the geometric characteristics of spider web structures.Then, a new type of umbrella-type deployable mechanism was proposed using a planar four-bar crank slider mechanism as a deployable unit.The static analysis and optimization of the model were performed using ANSYS Workbench, and the optimal ratio of the pitch of the silk thread in the spider circle net structure model was given;at the same time, the stiffness matrix of spider web rigid frame model was established, the optimal angle between the filaments was given by matrix displacement method.Based on the optimal ratio of the spacing of spiral thread and the optimal angle of spiral thread, the umbrella-type deployable mechanism with the best stress performance was proposed, and the static performances were simulated and analyzed.The results show that the strength performance of the umbrella-type deployable mechanisms optimized based on the spider web structure model is improved.Finally,the model of the expandable mechanism with a diameter of 1.2 m was designed and manufactured, and simulation of the exercise processes, verified the effectiveness of the model expansion and collapse processes.
A simplified structure mapping model of spider web was established according to the geometric characteristics of spider web structures.Then, a new type of umbrella-type deployable mechanism was proposed using a planar four-bar crank slider mechanism as a deployable unit.The static analysis and optimization of the model were performed using ANSYS Workbench, and the optimal ratio of the pitch of the silk thread in the spider circle net structure model was given;at the same time, the stiffness matrix of spider web rigid frame model was established, the optimal angle between the filaments was given by matrix displacement method.Based on the optimal ratio of the spacing of spiral thread and the optimal angle of spiral thread, the umbrella-type deployable mechanism with the best stress performance was proposed, and the static performances were simulated and analyzed.The results show that the strength performance of the umbrella-type deployable mechanisms optimized based on the spider web structure model is improved.Finally,the model of the expandable mechanism with a diameter of 1.2 m was designed and manufactured, and simulation of the exercise processes, verified the effectiveness of the model expansion and collapse processes.
引文
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[3] 刘树青,吴金娇,汪木兰.基于有限元方法的剪式折叠结构力学特性分析[J].机械设计与制造工程,2010,39(15):51-53.LIU Shuqing,WU Jinjiao,WANG Mulan.Mechanical Analysis of Scissor Structure Based on Finite Element Method[J].Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering,2010,39(15):51-53.
[4] CAO W A,YANG D,DING H,et al.A New Family of Deployable Mechanisms Derived from Two-layer and Two-loop Spatial Linkages with 5R Coupling Chains[J].Journal of Mechanisms & Robotics,2017,9(6):061016.
[5] KORMAZ K.Generation of a New Type of Architectural Umbrella[J].International Journal of Space Structures,2005,20(20):35-42.
[6] 赵飞龙,陈务军,何艳丽.地面伞状可展天线设计与结构分析[J].空间结构,2015,21(4):60-65.ZHAO Feilong,CHEN Wujun,HE Yanli.Design and Structural Analysis of Ground Umbrella-type Deployable Antenna[J].Spatial Structures,2015,21(4):60-65.
[7] 胡甜甜.星载伞状可展开天线设计、仿真及优化[J].航空计算技术,2015(4):109-111.HU Tiantian.Design & Simulation & Optimization of Deployable Spaceborne Antenna [J].Aeronautical Computing Technique,2015(4):109-111.
[8] 卓春晖,蒋平,王昌河,等.蛛网结构性能及其适应性[J].四川动物,2006,25(4):898-902.ZHUO Chunhui,JING Ping,WANG Changhe,et al.Structure and Mechanical Property of Spider's Web and Their Adaptations[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2006,25(4):898-902.
[9] RYPSTRA A L.Building a Better Insect Trap:an Experimental Investigation of Prey Capture in a Variety of Spider Webs[J].Oecologia,1982,52(1):31.
[10] ROBERTS J A,UETZ G W.Information Content of Female Chemical Signals in the Wolf Spider,SchizocosaOcreata:Male Discrimination of Reproductive State and Receptivity[J].Animal Behaviour,2005,70(1):217-223.
[11] WIRTH E,BARTH F G.Forces in the Spider Orb Web[J].Journal of Comparative Physiology A,1992,171(3):359-371.
[12] ZHAO Q,COMPTON B G,LEWIS J A,et al.Structural Optimization of 3D-printed Synthetic Spider Webs for High Strength[J].Nature Communications,2015,6:7038.
[13] YU H,YANG J,SUN Y.Energy Absorption of Spider Orb Webs during Prey Capture:a Mechanical Analysis[J].Journal of Bionic Engineering,2015,12(3):453-463.
[14] SENSENIG A T,LORENTZ K A,KELLY S P,et al.Spider Orb Webs Rely on Radial Threads to Absorb Prey Kinetic Energy[J].Journal of the Royal Society Interface,2012,73(9):1880-1891.
[15] VOLLRATH F,DOWNES M,KRACKOW S.Design Variability in Web Geometry of an Orb-weaving Spider.[J].Physiology & Behavior,1997,62(4):735-743.
[16] VOLLRATH F,MOHREN W.Spiral Geometry in the Garden Spider's Orb Web[J].Naturwissenschaften,1985,72(12):666-667.