T型管直接接触冷凝特性实验研究
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摘要
在反应堆发生LOCA时,一回路系统压力降低,产生大量的蒸汽,安注水注入冷腿后可能会发生冷凝现象。为研究冷凝现象,通过开展T型管冷凝实验,在主管通纯蒸汽、支管通过冷水的情况下,研究了不同蒸汽流量和不同安注水流量下的冷凝量。结果表明:冷凝量存在一定的限制,即主管内蒸汽无法全部被冷凝。基于实验结果提出了一个冷凝效率与热力学比系数R_T之间的模型。
During the process of LOCA(loss of coolant accident)in a PWR,the system pressure of primary circuit will decrease and great amount of vapor will be generated.The condensation might be occurred on cold leg then it would flow to downcomer,when the water in safe injection pipe poured into cold leg.In order to explore this phenomenon,the T-junction condensation experiment was carried out.Under the circumstance of pure steam flows in the main pipe and subcooled water flows in the safe injection,the mass flow rate of condensation in different initial conditions was researched.The results indicate that the condensation has a limit,then a model by using condensation efficient and thermodynamic ratio(R_T number)is proposed based on the results.
During the process of LOCA(loss of coolant accident)in a PWR,the system pressure of primary circuit will decrease and great amount of vapor will be generated.The condensation might be occurred on cold leg then it would flow to downcomer,when the water in safe injection pipe poured into cold leg.In order to explore this phenomenon,the T-junction condensation experiment was carried out.Under the circumstance of pure steam flows in the main pipe and subcooled water flows in the safe injection,the mass flow rate of condensation in different initial conditions was researched.The results indicate that the condensation has a limit,then a model by using condensation efficient and thermodynamic ratio(R_T number)is proposed based on the results.
引文
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[4]LIAO J,FREPOLI C,OHKAWA K.Cold leg condensation model for analyzing loss-of-coolant accident in PWR[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2015,285:171-187.
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[7]ROTHE P H,WALLIS G B,THRALL D E.Cold leg ECC flow oscillations[R].Hanover,USA:Creare Incorporation,1976.
[8]WANG S,SHOJI M.Fluctuation characteristics of two-phase flow splitting at a vertical impacting T-junction[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2002,28(12):2 007-2 016.
[9]BANKOFF S G.Some condensation studies pertinent to LWR safety[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1980,6(1-2):51-67.
[10]KIRCHNER W,BANKOFF S G.Condensation effects in reactor transients[J].Nuclear Science and Engineering,1985,89(4):310-321.
[11]MANDHANE J N,HEIDEMANN R A.Fitting activity coefficients to vapor-liquid equilibrium data[J].The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,1974,52(5):679-681.
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[13]WEISMAN J,DUNCAN D,GIBSON J,et al.Effects of fluid properties and pipe diameter on two-phase flow patterns in horizontal lines[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1979,5(6):437-462.
[2]DAMERELL P S,SIMONS J W.Reactor safety issues resolved by the 2D/3D program[R].USA:Nuclear Regulatory Commission,1993.
[3]LIAO J,FREPOLI C,OHKAWA K.Condensation in the clod leg as results of ECC water injection during a LOCA:Modeling and validation[C]∥Proceedings of 14th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics(NURETH-14).Toronto,Canada:[s.n.],2011.
[4]LIAO J,FREPOLI C,OHKAWA K.Cold leg condensation model for analyzing loss-of-coolant accident in PWR[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2015,285:171-187.
[5]REYES J N,GROOME J T,LAFI A Y,et al.PTS thermal hydraulic testing in the OSU APEX facility[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2001,78(2):185-196.
[6]MAYINGER F,WEISS P,WOLFERT K.Two-phase flow phenomena in full-scale reactor geometry[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,1993,145(1):47-61.
[7]ROTHE P H,WALLIS G B,THRALL D E.Cold leg ECC flow oscillations[R].Hanover,USA:Creare Incorporation,1976.
[8]WANG S,SHOJI M.Fluctuation characteristics of two-phase flow splitting at a vertical impacting T-junction[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2002,28(12):2 007-2 016.
[9]BANKOFF S G.Some condensation studies pertinent to LWR safety[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1980,6(1-2):51-67.
[10]KIRCHNER W,BANKOFF S G.Condensation effects in reactor transients[J].Nuclear Science and Engineering,1985,89(4):310-321.
[11]MANDHANE J N,HEIDEMANN R A.Fitting activity coefficients to vapor-liquid equilibrium data[J].The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,1974,52(5):679-681.
[12]TAITEL Y,DUKLER A E.A model for predicting flow regime transitions in horizontal and near horizontal gas-liquid flow[J].AIChE Journal,1976,22(1):47-55.
[13]WEISMAN J,DUNCAN D,GIBSON J,et al.Effects of fluid properties and pipe diameter on two-phase flow patterns in horizontal lines[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1979,5(6):437-462.