污泥蚓粪对滩涂盐碱地土壤的培肥效应
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摘要
在新围垦滩涂土壤上通过田间试验,研究不同用量污泥蚓粪(0、25、50、125、250 t·hm~(-2))对新围垦滩涂土壤理化性质的影响,并以高粱为指示作物研究污泥蚓粪的培肥效果。结果表明:施用污泥蚓粪各处理(25、50、125、250 t·h m~(-2))土壤有机质含量分别比对照增加42.4%、43.3%、112.6%、317.6%,土壤EC分别比对照降低7.6%、25.9%、39.5%、47.6%。施用污泥蚓粪可改善滩涂土壤结构,增加土壤中大于0.25 mm水稳性团聚体,并降低土壤容重。污泥蚓粪可提高滩涂土壤全氮、碱解氮、全磷和速效磷含量;随污泥蚓粪用量的增加,高粱生物量、植株全氮、全磷含量显著增加。这一研究提示污泥蚓粪是一种有应用前景的滩涂土壤改良剂。
Mudflat reclamation is an important approach to relieve the pressure from the arable land reduction. However, costal mudflat is usually characterized by high salinity, inferior structure and low fertility and its amendment needs large amount of organic matters. Using sorghum as indicator plant, field experiment with different application rates(0, 25, 50, 125, 250 t·hm~(-2)) of sewage sludge vermicompost(SSV) was conducted in a newly reclaimed mudflat to investigate the effect of SSV addition on physi-chemical properties of mudflat soil and sorghum growth. Results showed that compared with the treatment with no SSV applied, soil organic matters increased 42.4%, 43.3%, 112.6%, 317.6% respectively in the treatments with(25, 50, 125, 250 t·hm~(-2)) SSV applied, and soil EC decreased 7.6%, 25.9%, 39.5%, 47.6%. SSV application improved soil structure by reducing soil bulk density and increasing water stable aggregates. Total N, alkaline N, total P and available P were also elevated by SSV application. With the increase of SSV rate, the biomass, total N and total P of sorghum plant was significantly increased. Our result provides a reference for evaluating feasibility of using SSV as a mudflat soil modifier.
Mudflat reclamation is an important approach to relieve the pressure from the arable land reduction. However, costal mudflat is usually characterized by high salinity, inferior structure and low fertility and its amendment needs large amount of organic matters. Using sorghum as indicator plant, field experiment with different application rates(0, 25, 50, 125, 250 t·hm~(-2)) of sewage sludge vermicompost(SSV) was conducted in a newly reclaimed mudflat to investigate the effect of SSV addition on physi-chemical properties of mudflat soil and sorghum growth. Results showed that compared with the treatment with no SSV applied, soil organic matters increased 42.4%, 43.3%, 112.6%, 317.6% respectively in the treatments with(25, 50, 125, 250 t·hm~(-2)) SSV applied, and soil EC decreased 7.6%, 25.9%, 39.5%, 47.6%. SSV application improved soil structure by reducing soil bulk density and increasing water stable aggregates. Total N, alkaline N, total P and available P were also elevated by SSV application. With the increase of SSV rate, the biomass, total N and total P of sorghum plant was significantly increased. Our result provides a reference for evaluating feasibility of using SSV as a mudflat soil modifier.
引文
[1] 崔士友,张蛟,翟彩娇.江苏沿海滩涂快速改良与高效利用研究进展 [J].农学学报,2017,7(3):42-46.
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[4] 徐丽莉,孙善利,任永忠.国内外污泥处理现状及工艺 [J].商场现代化,2007(20):381.
[5] 刘洪涛,陈同斌,郑国砥,等.有机肥与化肥的生产能耗、投入成本和环境效益比较分析——以污泥堆肥生产有机肥为例 [J].生态环境学报,2010,19(4):1000-1003.
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[7] 柏彦超,汪莉,陶天云,等.施用生活污泥改良滩涂土壤理化性状的探讨 [J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(4):1019-1025.
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[9] MOHAMED B,MOUNIA K,AZIZ A,et al.Sewage sludge used as organic manure in Moroccan sunflower culture:effects on certain soil properties,growth and yield components [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,627:681.
[10] YADAV A,GARG V K.Feasibility of nutrient recovery from industrial sludge by vermicomposting technology [J].J Hazard Mater,2009,168(1):262-268.
[11] DOMINGUEZ J,EDWARDS C A,WEBSTER M.Vermicomposting of sewage sludge:effect of bulking materials on the growth and reproduction of the earthworm Eisenia andrei [J].Pedobiologia,2000,44(1):24-32.
[12] LIM S L,WU T Y,LIM P N,et al.The use of vermicompost in organic farming:overview,effects on soil and economics [J].J Sci Food Agric,2015,95(6):1143-1156.
[13] HAIT S,TARE V.Optimizing vermistabilization of waste activated sludge using vermicompost as bulking material [J].Waste Management,2011,31(3):502.
[14] 许健,董秀华,吴小飞,等.污泥蚓粪施用对生菜产量及重金属积累的影响 [J].扬州大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(1):75-78.
[15] 柏彦超,陶天云,陈国华,等.污泥蚓粪-蛭石复合基质在辣椒育苗上的应用 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(31):239-243.
[16] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法 [M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[17] 曲长凤,杨劲松,姚荣江,等.不同改良剂对苏北滩涂盐碱土壤改良效果研究 [J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):21-25.
[18] BAI Y C,ZANG C Y,GU M J,et al.Sewage sludge as an initial fertility driver for rapid improvement of mudflat salt-soils [J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,578:47-55.
[19] MENG Q,SUN Y,ZHAO J,et al.Distribution of carbon and nitrogen in water-stable aggregates and soil stability under long-term manure application in solonetzic soils of the Songnen plain,northeast China [J].Journal of Soils & Sediments,2014,14(6):1041-1049.
[20] 谢钧宇,杨文静,强久次仁,等.长期不同施肥下土娄土有机碳和全氮在团聚体中的分布 [J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(6):1413-1422.
[21] 汪莉.生活污泥熟化滩涂土壤的机理(制)及环境效应 [D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[22] BAI Y Y,GU C H,TAO T Y.Mudflat soil amendment by sewage sludge:soil physicochemical properties,perennial ryegrass growth,and metal uptake [J].Soil Science & Plant Nutrition,2013,59(6):942-952.
[23] LUDIBETH S M,MARINA I E,VICENTA E M.Vermicomposting of Sewage sludge:earthworm population and agronomic advantages [J].Compost Science & Utilization,2012,20(1):11-17.
[24] 谢承陶,李志杰.有机质与土壤盐分的相关作用及其原理 [J].中国土壤与肥料,1993(1):19-22.
[25] HAMUDA H E A F B,LIGETVARI F.Impacts of municipal sewage sludge on dynamics of organic matter and biological activities in clay loam brown forest soil [J].Journal of Residuals Science & Technology,2011,8(4):143-149.
[26] 张荣涛,周东兴,申雪庆.蚯蚓粪对盐碱土壤速效养分和碱化指标的影响 [J].国土与自然资源研究,2013(4):83-86.
[27] 张婷敏,呼世斌,陈晓飞.蚯蚓堆肥处理有机废弃物的研究——基于红薯秸秆、牛粪和污泥的混合物料 [J].农机化研究,2012,34(4):110-114.
[28] WALDRIP H M,HE Z,GRIFFIN T S.Effects of organic dairy manure on soil phosphatase activity,available soil phosphorus,and growth of sorghum-sudangrass [J].Soil Science,2012,177(11):629-637.
[29] 陈冬峰,杨劲松.江苏沿海滩涂地区大麦平衡施肥研究 [J].土壤,2001,33(5):278-280.
[30] 王文杰,贺海升,祖元刚,等.施加改良剂对重度盐碱地盐碱动态及杨树生长的影响 [J].生态学报,2009,29(5):2272-2278.
[31] BAI Y C,YAN Y Y,ZUO W G,et al.Distribution of cadimum,copper,lead and zinc in mudflat salt-soils amended with sewage sludge [J].Land Degradation & Development,2018,29(4):1120-1129.
[2] DAVIS R D.The impact of EU and UK environmental pressures on the future of sludge treatment and disposal [J].Water & Environment Journal,2010,10(1):65-69.
[3] VENKATESAN A K,DONE H Y,HALDEN R U.United States National Sewage Sludge Repository at Arizona State University:a new resource and research tool for environmental scientists,engineers,and epidemiologists [J].Environmental Science & Pollution Research,2015,22(3):1577-1586.
[4] 徐丽莉,孙善利,任永忠.国内外污泥处理现状及工艺 [J].商场现代化,2007(20):381.
[5] 刘洪涛,陈同斌,郑国砥,等.有机肥与化肥的生产能耗、投入成本和环境效益比较分析——以污泥堆肥生产有机肥为例 [J].生态环境学报,2010,19(4):1000-1003.
[6] 黄顾林,左文刚,朱晓雯,等.不同有机物料改良新围垦滩涂土壤的效果研究 [J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2015,36(2):51-56.
[7] 柏彦超,汪莉,陶天云,等.施用生活污泥改良滩涂土壤理化性状的探讨 [J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(4):1019-1025.
[8] BAI Y C,ZUO W G,ZHAO H T,et al.Distribution of heavy metals in maize and mudflat saline soil amended by sewage sludge [J].Journal of Soils & Sediments,2016,17(6):1-14.
[9] MOHAMED B,MOUNIA K,AZIZ A,et al.Sewage sludge used as organic manure in Moroccan sunflower culture:effects on certain soil properties,growth and yield components [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,627:681.
[10] YADAV A,GARG V K.Feasibility of nutrient recovery from industrial sludge by vermicomposting technology [J].J Hazard Mater,2009,168(1):262-268.
[11] DOMINGUEZ J,EDWARDS C A,WEBSTER M.Vermicomposting of sewage sludge:effect of bulking materials on the growth and reproduction of the earthworm Eisenia andrei [J].Pedobiologia,2000,44(1):24-32.
[12] LIM S L,WU T Y,LIM P N,et al.The use of vermicompost in organic farming:overview,effects on soil and economics [J].J Sci Food Agric,2015,95(6):1143-1156.
[13] HAIT S,TARE V.Optimizing vermistabilization of waste activated sludge using vermicompost as bulking material [J].Waste Management,2011,31(3):502.
[14] 许健,董秀华,吴小飞,等.污泥蚓粪施用对生菜产量及重金属积累的影响 [J].扬州大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(1):75-78.
[15] 柏彦超,陶天云,陈国华,等.污泥蚓粪-蛭石复合基质在辣椒育苗上的应用 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(31):239-243.
[16] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法 [M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[17] 曲长凤,杨劲松,姚荣江,等.不同改良剂对苏北滩涂盐碱土壤改良效果研究 [J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):21-25.
[18] BAI Y C,ZANG C Y,GU M J,et al.Sewage sludge as an initial fertility driver for rapid improvement of mudflat salt-soils [J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,578:47-55.
[19] MENG Q,SUN Y,ZHAO J,et al.Distribution of carbon and nitrogen in water-stable aggregates and soil stability under long-term manure application in solonetzic soils of the Songnen plain,northeast China [J].Journal of Soils & Sediments,2014,14(6):1041-1049.
[20] 谢钧宇,杨文静,强久次仁,等.长期不同施肥下土娄土有机碳和全氮在团聚体中的分布 [J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(6):1413-1422.
[21] 汪莉.生活污泥熟化滩涂土壤的机理(制)及环境效应 [D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[22] BAI Y Y,GU C H,TAO T Y.Mudflat soil amendment by sewage sludge:soil physicochemical properties,perennial ryegrass growth,and metal uptake [J].Soil Science & Plant Nutrition,2013,59(6):942-952.
[23] LUDIBETH S M,MARINA I E,VICENTA E M.Vermicomposting of Sewage sludge:earthworm population and agronomic advantages [J].Compost Science & Utilization,2012,20(1):11-17.
[24] 谢承陶,李志杰.有机质与土壤盐分的相关作用及其原理 [J].中国土壤与肥料,1993(1):19-22.
[25] HAMUDA H E A F B,LIGETVARI F.Impacts of municipal sewage sludge on dynamics of organic matter and biological activities in clay loam brown forest soil [J].Journal of Residuals Science & Technology,2011,8(4):143-149.
[26] 张荣涛,周东兴,申雪庆.蚯蚓粪对盐碱土壤速效养分和碱化指标的影响 [J].国土与自然资源研究,2013(4):83-86.
[27] 张婷敏,呼世斌,陈晓飞.蚯蚓堆肥处理有机废弃物的研究——基于红薯秸秆、牛粪和污泥的混合物料 [J].农机化研究,2012,34(4):110-114.
[28] WALDRIP H M,HE Z,GRIFFIN T S.Effects of organic dairy manure on soil phosphatase activity,available soil phosphorus,and growth of sorghum-sudangrass [J].Soil Science,2012,177(11):629-637.
[29] 陈冬峰,杨劲松.江苏沿海滩涂地区大麦平衡施肥研究 [J].土壤,2001,33(5):278-280.
[30] 王文杰,贺海升,祖元刚,等.施加改良剂对重度盐碱地盐碱动态及杨树生长的影响 [J].生态学报,2009,29(5):2272-2278.
[31] BAI Y C,YAN Y Y,ZUO W G,et al.Distribution of cadimum,copper,lead and zinc in mudflat salt-soils amended with sewage sludge [J].Land Degradation & Development,2018,29(4):1120-1129.