遵义市农村集中供养五保老人心理健康现状及其影响因素研究
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摘要
目的:了解农村集中供养五保老人的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为针对性照护服务提供依据。方法:采用问卷调查的方式对贵州省遵义市303名敬老院五保老人和291名普通居家老人的社会人口学基本情况、心理健康状况等进行调查。采用二元逻辑回归分析心理健康状况的影响因素。结果:集中供养五保老人SCL-90量表总分为(126. 52±29. 55),总体阳性率为27. 8%;居家老人总分为(112. 74±21. 93),总体阳性率为14. 6%。集中供养五保老人在人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执等5个因子上筛查阳性率显著高于普通居家老人。年龄、文化水平、经济状况、童年时期照护者特征、酒精依赖、社会支持是集中供养五保老人心理问题的影响因素。结论:敌对、偏执和人际关系敏感是农村集中供养五保老人存在的主要心理健康问题,童年时期照护者的精神状态或是否有酗酒赌博的恶习可能对五保老人现在的精神问题有影响,超过80岁、有酗酒习惯、收支有结余的五保老人的心理问题应该受到关注。
Objective To study the status of mental health of rural collectively caring old people in Zunyi City and its influencing factors,and provide reference for improving it. Methods 303 cases of old people living in rural gerocomium and 291 cases of old people living at home were surveyed with questionnaires to investigate their basic information and mental health status. The influencing factors of mental health were studied with binary logistic regression analysis. Results The total score of old people living in rural gerocomium and living at home was 126. 52 ± 29. 55 and 112. 74 ± 21. 93,respectively. And the positive rate was 27. 8%and 14. 6%,respectively. The positive rate of collectively caring people was significantly higher in factors of relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid than old people living at home. The factors of age,education level,economic situation,feature of the childhood caregiver,alcohol addicted and social support can influence their mental health. Conclusion The main mental health problems of rural collectively caring people were relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid. More concerns should be focused on the mental health of the old people aged over 80,alcohol addicted,or having surplus.
Objective To study the status of mental health of rural collectively caring old people in Zunyi City and its influencing factors,and provide reference for improving it. Methods 303 cases of old people living in rural gerocomium and 291 cases of old people living at home were surveyed with questionnaires to investigate their basic information and mental health status. The influencing factors of mental health were studied with binary logistic regression analysis. Results The total score of old people living in rural gerocomium and living at home was 126. 52 ± 29. 55 and 112. 74 ± 21. 93,respectively. And the positive rate was 27. 8%and 14. 6%,respectively. The positive rate of collectively caring people was significantly higher in factors of relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid than old people living at home. The factors of age,education level,economic situation,feature of the childhood caregiver,alcohol addicted and social support can influence their mental health. Conclusion The main mental health problems of rural collectively caring people were relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid. More concerns should be focused on the mental health of the old people aged over 80,alcohol addicted,or having surplus.
引文
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[9]李文龙,黄照权,石武祥,等.广西壮族农村老年人心理健康状况及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学. 2016,43(5):845-847.
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[11]李敏,郭继志,贾君杰,等.山东农村老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素研究[J].中国健康教育. 2016,32(10):888-891.
[12]贺斌.农村留守老人社会支持、应对方式与心理健康现状调查[J].中国卫生事业管理. 2013,30(9):703-706.
[13]田苗苗,陈长香,李淑杏,等.河北省城乡老年人家庭、社会支持对心理健康影响[J].中国公共卫生. 2015,31(2):156-159.
[14] Nardi B,Francesconi G,Catenadell'Osso M,et al. Adolescent de-pression:clinical features and therapeutic strategies.[J]. EuropeanReview for Medical&Pharmacological Sciences. 2013, 17(11):1546.
[15] Jobeshields L,Alderfer M A,Barrera M,et al. Parental depressionand family environment predict distress in children before stem celltransplantation.[J]. Journal of Developmental&Behavioral Pediat-rics Jdbp. 2009,30(2):140.
[16]阎燕燕,孟宪璋.童年创伤和虐待与成年精神障碍[J].中国临床心理学杂志. 2005,13(2):208-209.
[2]冉凌云,王小兰,孔虹倩,等.失独老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素分析[J].中国全科医学. 2016(B12):330-332.
[3]周建芳.丧偶对农村老年人口的健康影响研究[J].人口与发展.2015,21(4):82-91.
[4]龚慧青,李云.分度式预警因素对社区老年人心理健康影响的相关性研究[J].中国全科医学. 2014(31):3752-3757.
[5]林卫,汪文新,毛宗福. SCL-90量表应用于农村五保老人的信度和效度[J].公共卫生与预防医学. 2006,17(4):52-55.
[6]张代江,谭小林,程雪,等.重庆市990名农村老年人精神卫生状况及其影响因素分析[J].重庆医学. 2014(7):775-778.
[7]魏晓云,谭小林,李远.重庆部分农村老年人心理健康状况调查分析[J].重庆医学. 2013,42(8):915-916.
[8]苗艳梅.从物质保障到精神保障———农村五保老人精神需求状况分析[J].社会福利:理论版. 2012(3):49-53.
[9]李文龙,黄照权,石武祥,等.广西壮族农村老年人心理健康状况及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学. 2016,43(5):845-847.
[10]王瑞梅,郭继志,张涵,等.山东省老年人社会支持状况对心理健康的影响[J].中国卫生事业管理. 2016,33(3):217-220.
[11]李敏,郭继志,贾君杰,等.山东农村老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素研究[J].中国健康教育. 2016,32(10):888-891.
[12]贺斌.农村留守老人社会支持、应对方式与心理健康现状调查[J].中国卫生事业管理. 2013,30(9):703-706.
[13]田苗苗,陈长香,李淑杏,等.河北省城乡老年人家庭、社会支持对心理健康影响[J].中国公共卫生. 2015,31(2):156-159.
[14] Nardi B,Francesconi G,Catenadell'Osso M,et al. Adolescent de-pression:clinical features and therapeutic strategies.[J]. EuropeanReview for Medical&Pharmacological Sciences. 2013, 17(11):1546.
[15] Jobeshields L,Alderfer M A,Barrera M,et al. Parental depressionand family environment predict distress in children before stem celltransplantation.[J]. Journal of Developmental&Behavioral Pediat-rics Jdbp. 2009,30(2):140.
[16]阎燕燕,孟宪璋.童年创伤和虐待与成年精神障碍[J].中国临床心理学杂志. 2005,13(2):208-209.