硝酸钙胁迫下番茄耐盐砧木品种的筛选
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摘要
采用营养液栽培,以番茄嫁接用砧木5个品种为材料,研究不同浓度Ca(NO_3)_2胁迫处理对不同砧木品种幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,在不同Ca(NO_3)_2处理浓度下,表现为低促高抑的作用效果。当Ca(NO_3)_2浓度≤40 mmol·L~(-1)时,显著提高番茄砧木幼苗的株高、茎粗及生物量;当浓度>40mmol·L~(-1)时,番茄砧木幼苗的株高、茎粗和生物量均显著下降,叶片的相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度明显提高。不同品种砧木的耐盐性存在明显差异,耐盐性依次为‘阿拉姆’>‘果砧1号’>‘澳砧1号’>‘久留大佐’>‘野大哥1号’。
In this experiment, 5 rootstocks grafted with tomato as materials,the effects of Ca(NO_3)_2 stress treatments at different concentrations on the growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of different stock varieties were studied.The study showed thatthe plant height, stem diameter and biological value of tomato rootstock seedlings were stimulated when the concentration of Ca(NO_3)_2 was ≤ 40 mmol·L~(-1),however, when the concentration was higher than 40 mmol·L~(-1), the plant height, stem diameter and biomass of tomato rootstock seedlings of all varieties were significantly inhibited, and the relative electrical conductivity and MDA molality of leaves increased significantly. The results suggested that the salt tolerance of different rootstocks were different, and the salt tolerance of the five tomato rootstocks was ‘alam'> ‘Guozhen No.1'> ‘Aozhen No.1'> ‘Jiuliudazuo'> ‘Yedage No.1'.
In this experiment, 5 rootstocks grafted with tomato as materials,the effects of Ca(NO_3)_2 stress treatments at different concentrations on the growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of different stock varieties were studied.The study showed thatthe plant height, stem diameter and biological value of tomato rootstock seedlings were stimulated when the concentration of Ca(NO_3)_2 was ≤ 40 mmol·L~(-1),however, when the concentration was higher than 40 mmol·L~(-1), the plant height, stem diameter and biomass of tomato rootstock seedlings of all varieties were significantly inhibited, and the relative electrical conductivity and MDA molality of leaves increased significantly. The results suggested that the salt tolerance of different rootstocks were different, and the salt tolerance of the five tomato rootstocks was ‘alam'> ‘Guozhen No.1'> ‘Aozhen No.1'> ‘Jiuliudazuo'> ‘Yedage No.1'.
引文
[1] 童有为,陈淡飞.温室土壤次生盐渍化的形成和治理途径的研究[J].园艺学报,1991,18(2):159-162.TONG Y W,CHEN D F.Study on the formation and treatment of secondary salinization of greenhouse soil[J].Journal of Horticulture,1991,18(2):159-162.
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[7] 郭文忠,刘声锋,李丁仁,等.设施蔬菜土壤次生盐渍化发生机理的研究现状与展望[J].土壤,2004,36(1):25-29.GUO W ZH,LIU SH F,LI D R,et al.Research status and prospect of secondary salinization mechanism of vegetablesoil[J].Soil,2004,36(1):25-29.
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[9] 陈淑芳,朱月林,刘友良,等.NaCl胁迫对番茄嫁接苗保护酶活性、渗透调节物质含量及光合特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2005,32(4):609-613.CHEN SH F,ZHU Y L,LIU Y L,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on protective enzyme activity,osmotic regulating substance content and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato grafted seedlings[J].Journal of Horticulture,2005,32(4):609-613.
[10] 李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:165-169.LI H SH.Principle and Technology of Physiological and Biochemical Test of Plants[M].Beijing:Higher Publishing House Education,2000:165-169.
[11] 赵世杰,刘华山,董新纯,等.植物生理实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:161-163.ZHAO SH J,LIU H SH,DONG X CH,et al.Plant Physiological Experiment Instruction[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1997:161-163.
[12] 戴伟民,蔡润,潘俊松,等.盐胁迫对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响[J].上海农业学报,2002,18(1):58-62.DAI W M,CAI R,PAN J S,et al.Effects of salt stress on growth and development of tomato seedling[J].Journal of Shanghai Agriculture,2002,18(1):58-62.
[13] 刘翔,许明,李志文.番茄苗期耐盐性鉴定指标初探[J].北方园艺,2007(3) :4-7.LIU X,XU M,LI ZH W.Identification of salt tolerance in tomato seedling stage[J].The North Garden,2007(3) :4-7.
[14] 杨劲松,陈德明,沈其荣.作物抗盐机制研究小麦水分保持与质膜渗透性[J].土壤学报,2002,39(4):524-528.YANG J S,CHEN D M,SHEN Q R.The mechanism of crop resistance to salt was studied[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2002,39(4):524-528.
[15] 董彩霞,周建民,段增强,等.番茄脐腐病发生机理研究综述[J].园艺学报,2001,28(增刊):644-648.DONG C X,ZHOU J M,DUAN Z Q,et al.Mechanism of tomato umbilical rot[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2001,28(Supp):644-648.
[16] WHITE P J.Calcium chanmels in higher plants [J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2000,1465:171-189.
[17] 梁洁,严重玲,李裕红,等.Ca(NO3)2对NaCl胁迫下木麻黄杆插苗生理特征的调控[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):1073-1077.LIANG J,YAN CH L,LI Y H,et al.The regulation of Ca(NO3)2 on the physiological characteristics of casuarina equisetifolia seedling under NaCl stress[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(5):1073-1077.
[18] 郑兴莲,申书兴,王彦华,等.硝酸钙胁迫对茄子幼苗生长及生理生化指标的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2006,29(6):17-20.ZHENG X L,SHEN SH X,WANG Y H,et al.Effects of calcium nitrate stress on growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of eggplant seedling[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural University,2006,29(6):17-20.
[19] 吕庆,郑荣梁.干旱及活性氧引起的膜脂过氧化与脱酯化[J].中国科学(C辑),1996,26(1):26-30.Lü Q,ZHENG R L.Membrane lipid peroxidation and esterification induced by drought and reactive oxygen species[J].China Science(Cseries),1996,26(1):26-30.
[20] 刘德兴,荆鑫,焦娟,等.嫁接对番茄产量、品质及耐盐性影响的综合评价[J].园艺学报,2017,44(6):1094-1104.LIU D X,JING X,JIAO J,et al.Effect of grafting on yield,quality and salt tolerance of tomato[J].Journal of Horticulture,2017,44(6):1094-1104.
[21] 李汉美,何勇.NaCl胁迫对番茄嫁接苗光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(3):131-134.LI H M,HE Y.Effects of NaCl stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of tomato grafted seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2013,22(3):131-134.
[22] 李天来,李淼,李益清,等.CaCl2和水杨酸对昼间亚高温胁迫下番茄叶片光合作用的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(4):284-289.LI T L,LI M,LI Y Q,et al.Effects of CaCl2 and salicylic acid on photosynthesis in tomato leaves under diurnal subhigh temperature stress[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2009,18(4):284-289.
[23] 魏国平.耐盐砧木嫁接提高茄子耐硝酸钙的生理机制[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.WEI G P.Grafting of salt-tolerant rootstock improves the physiological mechanism of eggplant’s tolerance to calciumnitrate[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2009.
[2] 张志焕.番茄砧木耐旱性鉴定及其嫁接苗对水分胁迫的响应[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2016.ZHANG ZH H.Drought resistance identification of tomato rootstock and its response to water stress[D].Tai’an Shandong:Shandong Agricultural University,2016.
[3] 周建斌,翟丙年,陈竹君,等.设施栽培菜地土壤养分的空间累积及其潜在的环境[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(2):33-35.ZHOU J B,ZHAI B N,CHEN ZH J,et al.Spatial accumulation and potential environment of soil nutrients in cultivated vegetable fields[J].Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science,2004,23(2):33-35.
[4] 薛继澄,毕德义,李家金,等.保护地栽培蔬菜生理障碍的土壤因子与对策[J].土壤肥料,1994(1):4-9.XUE J CH,BI D Y,LI J J,et al.Soil factors and countermeasures for the physiological barriers of cultivated vegetables under protection[J].Soil Fertilizer,1994(1):4-9.
[5] 张俊侠,孙德平,司友斌.设施土壤蔬菜栽培的障碍因子研究[J].安徽农学通报,2001,7(4):52-53.ZHANG J X,SUN D P,SI Y B.Study on obstacle factors of vegetable cultivation in facility soil[J].Anhui Agricultural Bulletin,2001,7(4):52-53.
[6] 李东坡,武志杰,梁成华,等.设施土壤生态环境特点与调控[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):192-197.LI D P,WU ZH J,LIANG CH H,et al.Characteristics and regulation of soil ecological environment[J].Journal of Ecology,2004,23(5):192-197.
[7] 郭文忠,刘声锋,李丁仁,等.设施蔬菜土壤次生盐渍化发生机理的研究现状与展望[J].土壤,2004,36(1):25-29.GUO W ZH,LIU SH F,LI D R,et al.Research status and prospect of secondary salinization mechanism of vegetablesoil[J].Soil,2004,36(1):25-29.
[8] 夏立忠,杨林章.大棚番茄优化施肥与土壤养分和盐害的变化特征[J].中国蔬菜,2003(2):4-7.XIA L ZH,YANG L ZH.Variation characteristics of optimum fertilization and soil nutrient and salt damage of tomato in greenhouse[J].Chinese Vegetables,2003(2):4-7.
[9] 陈淑芳,朱月林,刘友良,等.NaCl胁迫对番茄嫁接苗保护酶活性、渗透调节物质含量及光合特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2005,32(4):609-613.CHEN SH F,ZHU Y L,LIU Y L,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on protective enzyme activity,osmotic regulating substance content and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato grafted seedlings[J].Journal of Horticulture,2005,32(4):609-613.
[10] 李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:165-169.LI H SH.Principle and Technology of Physiological and Biochemical Test of Plants[M].Beijing:Higher Publishing House Education,2000:165-169.
[11] 赵世杰,刘华山,董新纯,等.植物生理实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:161-163.ZHAO SH J,LIU H SH,DONG X CH,et al.Plant Physiological Experiment Instruction[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1997:161-163.
[12] 戴伟民,蔡润,潘俊松,等.盐胁迫对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响[J].上海农业学报,2002,18(1):58-62.DAI W M,CAI R,PAN J S,et al.Effects of salt stress on growth and development of tomato seedling[J].Journal of Shanghai Agriculture,2002,18(1):58-62.
[13] 刘翔,许明,李志文.番茄苗期耐盐性鉴定指标初探[J].北方园艺,2007(3) :4-7.LIU X,XU M,LI ZH W.Identification of salt tolerance in tomato seedling stage[J].The North Garden,2007(3) :4-7.
[14] 杨劲松,陈德明,沈其荣.作物抗盐机制研究小麦水分保持与质膜渗透性[J].土壤学报,2002,39(4):524-528.YANG J S,CHEN D M,SHEN Q R.The mechanism of crop resistance to salt was studied[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2002,39(4):524-528.
[15] 董彩霞,周建民,段增强,等.番茄脐腐病发生机理研究综述[J].园艺学报,2001,28(增刊):644-648.DONG C X,ZHOU J M,DUAN Z Q,et al.Mechanism of tomato umbilical rot[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2001,28(Supp):644-648.
[16] WHITE P J.Calcium chanmels in higher plants [J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2000,1465:171-189.
[17] 梁洁,严重玲,李裕红,等.Ca(NO3)2对NaCl胁迫下木麻黄杆插苗生理特征的调控[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):1073-1077.LIANG J,YAN CH L,LI Y H,et al.The regulation of Ca(NO3)2 on the physiological characteristics of casuarina equisetifolia seedling under NaCl stress[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(5):1073-1077.
[18] 郑兴莲,申书兴,王彦华,等.硝酸钙胁迫对茄子幼苗生长及生理生化指标的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2006,29(6):17-20.ZHENG X L,SHEN SH X,WANG Y H,et al.Effects of calcium nitrate stress on growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of eggplant seedling[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural University,2006,29(6):17-20.
[19] 吕庆,郑荣梁.干旱及活性氧引起的膜脂过氧化与脱酯化[J].中国科学(C辑),1996,26(1):26-30.Lü Q,ZHENG R L.Membrane lipid peroxidation and esterification induced by drought and reactive oxygen species[J].China Science(Cseries),1996,26(1):26-30.
[20] 刘德兴,荆鑫,焦娟,等.嫁接对番茄产量、品质及耐盐性影响的综合评价[J].园艺学报,2017,44(6):1094-1104.LIU D X,JING X,JIAO J,et al.Effect of grafting on yield,quality and salt tolerance of tomato[J].Journal of Horticulture,2017,44(6):1094-1104.
[21] 李汉美,何勇.NaCl胁迫对番茄嫁接苗光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(3):131-134.LI H M,HE Y.Effects of NaCl stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of tomato grafted seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2013,22(3):131-134.
[22] 李天来,李淼,李益清,等.CaCl2和水杨酸对昼间亚高温胁迫下番茄叶片光合作用的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(4):284-289.LI T L,LI M,LI Y Q,et al.Effects of CaCl2 and salicylic acid on photosynthesis in tomato leaves under diurnal subhigh temperature stress[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2009,18(4):284-289.
[23] 魏国平.耐盐砧木嫁接提高茄子耐硝酸钙的生理机制[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.WEI G P.Grafting of salt-tolerant rootstock improves the physiological mechanism of eggplant’s tolerance to calciumnitrate[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2009.