公众关注度与政府治理污染投入:基于大数据的分析方法
|
摘要
随着我国环境污染形势日益严峻,社会公众对污染问题的关注日渐高涨。为此,充分利用大数据考察了环境关注度在污染类型与地区层面的差异,研究发现中国网民对PM2.5的关注度最高,而对水污染和土壤污染的关注度还非常有限;从区域差异来看,华北、华东地区关注度最高,西北地区关注度最小;从城市差异来看,这些污染类型关注度排名前十的城市网民对"绿色发展"的关注度也位列全国前十。以2012—2016年中国29个省份的面板数据为样本,进一步研究发现,大气污染与水污染网民关注度的提高都能够显著促进地方政府增加治污投入;相对而言,治污投入对大气污染关注度的变化更为敏感。因此,可以现有持续强烈的环境污染关注度为基础,积极引导更多的公众和投资主体参与污染治理;建立健全我国生态环境监测和预警体系,全面加强生态环境保护。
With the severe situation of China's environmental pollution, the public is paying an increasing attention on this issue. Thus, this paper explores the difference of environmental attention in the pollution types and the regional levels based on big data. It is found that the attention is mostly focused on PM2.5, while less on water pollution and soil pollution; as for the regional difference, attention on the northern and eastern regions is the highest, while it is the smallest on the northwest; as for the city difference, the top ten cities on the list of pollution type attention are also the top ten cities which pay close attention to green development. Then by taking the panel data of29 provinces from 2012 to 2016 as the samples, this paper conducts a further study. The findings show that improvement of the attentions on air pollution and water pollution could significantly promote the investments of the local governments in pollution control; comparatively speaking, the investments in pollution control are more sensitive to the changes of air pollution attention. Therefore,it is suggested to guild more people and investors to join in pollution control based on the current growingly strong attentions on environmental pollution, to establish and improve China's ecological environment monitoring and early warning system, and to comprehensively strengthen the protection of ecological environment.
With the severe situation of China's environmental pollution, the public is paying an increasing attention on this issue. Thus, this paper explores the difference of environmental attention in the pollution types and the regional levels based on big data. It is found that the attention is mostly focused on PM2.5, while less on water pollution and soil pollution; as for the regional difference, attention on the northern and eastern regions is the highest, while it is the smallest on the northwest; as for the city difference, the top ten cities on the list of pollution type attention are also the top ten cities which pay close attention to green development. Then by taking the panel data of29 provinces from 2012 to 2016 as the samples, this paper conducts a further study. The findings show that improvement of the attentions on air pollution and water pollution could significantly promote the investments of the local governments in pollution control; comparatively speaking, the investments in pollution control are more sensitive to the changes of air pollution attention. Therefore,it is suggested to guild more people and investors to join in pollution control based on the current growingly strong attentions on environmental pollution, to establish and improve China's ecological environment monitoring and early warning system, and to comprehensively strengthen the protection of ecological environment.
引文
[1]Watts J.. China:The Air Pollution Capital of the World[J]. Lancet, 2005, 366(9499):1761-1762.
[2]杨继生,徐娟,吴相俊.经济增长与环境和社会健康成本[J].经济研究,2013,(12):17-29.
[3]Wang H. Pollution Charges, Community Pressure, and Abatement Cost of Industrial Pollution in China[M]. Washington D. C.:World Bank Publications, 2000.
[4]Wang H., Di W.. The Determinants of Government Environmental Performance:An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Townships[R]. The World Bank Report, No. 2937, 2002.
[5]李永友,沈坤荣.我国污染控制政策的减排效果———基于省际工业污染数据的实证分析[J].管理世界,2008,(7):7-17.
[6]闫文娟,郭树龙,熊艳.政府规制和公众参与对中国环境不公平的影响———基于动态面板及中国省际工业废水排放面板数据的经验研究[J].产经评论, 2012,(3):102-110.
[7]邓彦龙,王旻.公众诉求对地区环境治理的门槛效应研究[J].生态经济(中文版),2017,(12):169-173.
[8]Herold D. K., Marolt P.. Online Society in China:Creating, Celebrating, and Instrumentalising the Online Carnival[M].New York:Routledge, 2011.
[9]李华杰,史丹,马丽梅.基于大数据方法的经济研究:前沿进展与研究综述[J].经济学家,2018,(6):96-104.
[10]郑思齐,万广华,孙伟增.公众诉求与城市环境治理[J].管理世界,2013,(6):72-84.
[11]张兴祥,洪永淼.中国梦”与“美国梦”网络关注度的相关性研究———基于百度指数和谷歌指数的实证检验[J].厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,(5):1-13.
[12]王云娣.公共文化服务体系的网络关注度研究———以百度指数为例[J].现代情报,2017,(1):37-40+88.
[13]张斌儒,黄先开,刘树林.基于网络搜索数据的旅游收入预测——以海南省为例[J].经济问题探索,2015,(8):154-160.
[14]黄先开,张丽峰,丁于思.百度指数与旅游景区游客量的关系及预测研究[J].旅游学刊,2013,(11):93-100.
[15]Yang X., Pan B., James A.. Forecasting Chinese Tourist Volume with Search Engine Data[J]. Tourism Management,2015,(46):386-397.
[16]周开国,应千伟,陈晓娴.媒体关注度、分析师关注度与盈余预测准确度[J].金融研究,2014,(2):139-152.
[17]陈立双,王叶思丝.中国CPI编制方法在线上价格指数中的应用探讨[J].统计与决策,2018,(7):32-36.
[18]刘宽斌,张涛.利用网络搜索大数据实现对CPI的短期预报及拐点预测———基于混频抽样数据模型的实证研究[J].当代财经,2018,(11):3-15.
[19]王金南,於方,曹东.中国绿色国民经济核算研究报告2004[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2006,(6):11-17.
[20]杨丹辉,李红莉.基于损害和成本的环境污染损失核算———以山东省为例[J].中国工业经济,2010,(7):125-135.
[21]张晓.中国水污染趋势与治理制度[J].中国软科学,2014,(10):11-24.
(1)世界互联网统计中心统计范围已超过243个国家和地区,提供最新的有关世界互联网使用量、人口统计、旅游统计和网络市场的调查数据。资料来源:https://www.internetworldstats.com/top20.htm。
(1)资料来源:中华人民共和国环境保护部网站http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/qt/201404/t20140417_270670.htm.
(1)以2010年11月17日为开端,美国驻北京使馆检出了史无前例的PM2.5指数595,以“Beyond Index”来形容。一时之间,国外舆论掀起了我国雾霾的热议,改善大气质量的公众诉求也日渐迫切。
[2]杨继生,徐娟,吴相俊.经济增长与环境和社会健康成本[J].经济研究,2013,(12):17-29.
[3]Wang H. Pollution Charges, Community Pressure, and Abatement Cost of Industrial Pollution in China[M]. Washington D. C.:World Bank Publications, 2000.
[4]Wang H., Di W.. The Determinants of Government Environmental Performance:An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Townships[R]. The World Bank Report, No. 2937, 2002.
[5]李永友,沈坤荣.我国污染控制政策的减排效果———基于省际工业污染数据的实证分析[J].管理世界,2008,(7):7-17.
[6]闫文娟,郭树龙,熊艳.政府规制和公众参与对中国环境不公平的影响———基于动态面板及中国省际工业废水排放面板数据的经验研究[J].产经评论, 2012,(3):102-110.
[7]邓彦龙,王旻.公众诉求对地区环境治理的门槛效应研究[J].生态经济(中文版),2017,(12):169-173.
[8]Herold D. K., Marolt P.. Online Society in China:Creating, Celebrating, and Instrumentalising the Online Carnival[M].New York:Routledge, 2011.
[9]李华杰,史丹,马丽梅.基于大数据方法的经济研究:前沿进展与研究综述[J].经济学家,2018,(6):96-104.
[10]郑思齐,万广华,孙伟增.公众诉求与城市环境治理[J].管理世界,2013,(6):72-84.
[11]张兴祥,洪永淼.中国梦”与“美国梦”网络关注度的相关性研究———基于百度指数和谷歌指数的实证检验[J].厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,(5):1-13.
[12]王云娣.公共文化服务体系的网络关注度研究———以百度指数为例[J].现代情报,2017,(1):37-40+88.
[13]张斌儒,黄先开,刘树林.基于网络搜索数据的旅游收入预测——以海南省为例[J].经济问题探索,2015,(8):154-160.
[14]黄先开,张丽峰,丁于思.百度指数与旅游景区游客量的关系及预测研究[J].旅游学刊,2013,(11):93-100.
[15]Yang X., Pan B., James A.. Forecasting Chinese Tourist Volume with Search Engine Data[J]. Tourism Management,2015,(46):386-397.
[16]周开国,应千伟,陈晓娴.媒体关注度、分析师关注度与盈余预测准确度[J].金融研究,2014,(2):139-152.
[17]陈立双,王叶思丝.中国CPI编制方法在线上价格指数中的应用探讨[J].统计与决策,2018,(7):32-36.
[18]刘宽斌,张涛.利用网络搜索大数据实现对CPI的短期预报及拐点预测———基于混频抽样数据模型的实证研究[J].当代财经,2018,(11):3-15.
[19]王金南,於方,曹东.中国绿色国民经济核算研究报告2004[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2006,(6):11-17.
[20]杨丹辉,李红莉.基于损害和成本的环境污染损失核算———以山东省为例[J].中国工业经济,2010,(7):125-135.
[21]张晓.中国水污染趋势与治理制度[J].中国软科学,2014,(10):11-24.
(1)世界互联网统计中心统计范围已超过243个国家和地区,提供最新的有关世界互联网使用量、人口统计、旅游统计和网络市场的调查数据。资料来源:https://www.internetworldstats.com/top20.htm。
(1)资料来源:中华人民共和国环境保护部网站http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/qt/201404/t20140417_270670.htm.
(1)以2010年11月17日为开端,美国驻北京使馆检出了史无前例的PM2.5指数595,以“Beyond Index”来形容。一时之间,国外舆论掀起了我国雾霾的热议,改善大气质量的公众诉求也日渐迫切。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |