有机管式超滤膜回收造纸黑液中木质素的研究
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摘要
有机管式膜具有宽流道和强耐污染特性的结构和性能优势,在高污泥浓度的膜生物反应器以及高固含的果汁浓缩等领域均有广泛应用.虽然近年来有机管式膜的应用逐渐拓展到电镀、粘胶纤维、卤水精制、油田水回注等工业废水领域,但其在工业废水资源化领域的应用研究甚少.我国造纸行业产生的制浆蒸煮黑液巨大,制浆蒸煮黑液含有大量木质素,如果仅作为废液处理,是对资源的极大浪费.本研究通过非溶剂致相转化和涂覆的方法制备了以无纺布为支撑体的PES内压式有机管式膜,研究了不同切割分子量的有机管式膜在造纸黑液中木质素资源化利用方面的技术优势及可行性.还探讨了有机管式膜运行参数对膜浓缩提取木质素的影响,得出了平衡分离性能和能耗的最优操作条件.在此操作条件下,进一步采用"超滤+纳滤"双膜法黑液资源化处理工艺,可以实现对造纸黑液中90%以上木质素的回收.
Organic tubular membranes with a diameter varied from 4～25 mm have the distinguished anti-fouling properties in treating highly contaminated wastewater. Organic tubular membranes have been commercially used in landfill leachate treatment and some other oil containing or fiber containing wastewater treatment processes as the pretreatment. However, using tubular membranes to concentrate and recycle the useful components in wastewaters has not yet been studied. Paper making industries in China generate a large amount of black liquor every year and the lignin in the black liquor is a valuable material of many fabrication industries. Hence, it has great economical and environmental benefits to recycle the lignin from the black liquor. In this study, organic tubular membanes were made by nonsolvent induced phase separation mechanism on nonwoven substrates. The advantages and feasibility of using tubular membranes to recycle the lignin from paper making black liquor have be evaluated. It has been found that tubular membranes shows good separation and anti-fouling performance, and more than 90% of lignin can be effectively recycled using tubular ultrafiltration membranes together with nanofiltration membranes
Organic tubular membranes with a diameter varied from 4～25 mm have the distinguished anti-fouling properties in treating highly contaminated wastewater. Organic tubular membranes have been commercially used in landfill leachate treatment and some other oil containing or fiber containing wastewater treatment processes as the pretreatment. However, using tubular membranes to concentrate and recycle the useful components in wastewaters has not yet been studied. Paper making industries in China generate a large amount of black liquor every year and the lignin in the black liquor is a valuable material of many fabrication industries. Hence, it has great economical and environmental benefits to recycle the lignin from the black liquor. In this study, organic tubular membanes were made by nonsolvent induced phase separation mechanism on nonwoven substrates. The advantages and feasibility of using tubular membranes to recycle the lignin from paper making black liquor have be evaluated. It has been found that tubular membranes shows good separation and anti-fouling performance, and more than 90% of lignin can be effectively recycled using tubular ultrafiltration membranes together with nanofiltration membranes
引文
[1] 黄建元.MBR新工艺设计[M]//北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
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[7] 刘秋娟,纪海红,刘泽华,等超滤膜处理化学机械法制浆废水(Ⅰ) 超滤操作条件的确定[J].中华纸业,2011,32(2):12-16.
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[9] 吴李,许振良,程亮,等超滤膜处理化学机械法制浆废水(Ⅰ) 超滤操作条件的确定[J].中华纸业,2011,32(2):12-16.
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[12] 刘恩华,许黛君,魏飞,等.管式超滤膜回收纤维素酶解过程中酶的应用[J].天津工业大学学报,2015,34(5):1-5.
[13] Chiranjit Bhattacharjee,Saxena V K,Suman Dutta.Fruit juice processing using membrane technology: A review[J]. Innovative Food Sci Emerging Technol,2017,43:136-153.
[14] 吴兆飞,刘恩华,刘建森,等.管式膜MBR处理垃圾渗滤液过程中膜的性能研究[J].水处理技术,2011,37(8):117-119.
[15] 孙华伟,张朝晖,余小双,等.管式膜MBR在印染废水处理工艺中的运行规律研究[J].水处理技术,2010,36(1):95-97.
[16] 王彪,王志明,徐卫华,等.管式超滤膜处理油田采出水过程中膜污染分析及对策[J].水处理技术,2010,36(6):50-53.
[17] Zhang J,Sun Y X,Huang Z F,et al.Treatment of phosphate-containing oily wastewater by coagulation and microfiltration[J].J Environ Sci,2006,(4):629-633.
[18] 石淑兰,何福望.制浆造纸分析与检测[M]//北京: 中国轻工业出版社,2003.
[2] 赵炳军,沈海涛,方剑其,等.双膜法造纸废水处理实例[J].中国造纸,2016,35(9):47-51.
[3] 郭丹丹,廖传华,陈海军,等.制浆黑液资源化处理技术研究进展[J].环境工程,2014,4(8):36-40.
[4] 王哲,李忠正,张延光,等.超滤法处理麦草亚铵法黑液的研究[J].中华纸业,2008,29(2):29-32.
[5] Ann-Sofi J?nsson,Anna-Karin Nordin,Ola Wallberg. Concentration and purification of lignin in hardwood kraft pulping liquor by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration[J]. Chem Eng Res Des,2008,86(11):1271-1280.
[6] 李仲民,童张法.超滤法回收造纸黑液中木质素的研究[J].化学工程,2003,31(1):49-52.
[7] 刘秋娟,纪海红,刘泽华,等超滤膜处理化学机械法制浆废水(Ⅰ) 超滤操作条件的确定[J].中华纸业,2011,32(2):12-16.
[8] Toledano A, García A,Mondragon I, et al. Lignin separation and fractionation by ultrafiltration[J]. Sep Purif Technol,2009,71(1):38-43.
[9] 吴李,许振良,程亮,等超滤膜处理化学机械法制浆废水(Ⅰ) 超滤操作条件的确定[J].中华纸业,2011,32(2):12-16.
[10] Toledano A, Serrano L,Garcia A,et al. Comparative study of lignin fractionation by ultrafiltration and selective precipitation[J]. Chem Eng J,2009,157(1):93-99.
[11] Richard W.Baker.Membrane technology and applications[M]//John Wiley,2004:140-141.
[12] 刘恩华,许黛君,魏飞,等.管式超滤膜回收纤维素酶解过程中酶的应用[J].天津工业大学学报,2015,34(5):1-5.
[13] Chiranjit Bhattacharjee,Saxena V K,Suman Dutta.Fruit juice processing using membrane technology: A review[J]. Innovative Food Sci Emerging Technol,2017,43:136-153.
[14] 吴兆飞,刘恩华,刘建森,等.管式膜MBR处理垃圾渗滤液过程中膜的性能研究[J].水处理技术,2011,37(8):117-119.
[15] 孙华伟,张朝晖,余小双,等.管式膜MBR在印染废水处理工艺中的运行规律研究[J].水处理技术,2010,36(1):95-97.
[16] 王彪,王志明,徐卫华,等.管式超滤膜处理油田采出水过程中膜污染分析及对策[J].水处理技术,2010,36(6):50-53.
[17] Zhang J,Sun Y X,Huang Z F,et al.Treatment of phosphate-containing oily wastewater by coagulation and microfiltration[J].J Environ Sci,2006,(4):629-633.
[18] 石淑兰,何福望.制浆造纸分析与检测[M]//北京: 中国轻工业出版社,2003.