奥氏体化温度对V微合金中碳钢淬透性与力学性能的影响
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摘要
研究了不同奥氏体化温度下V微合金中碳钢(40CrNiMoV钢)的淬透性,利用控制冷却技术对不同温度奥氏体化后的试验钢进行慢冷处理,并对慢冷组织以及回火处理后的力学性能进行分析。结果表明:随奥氏体化温度的升高,在原奥氏体晶粒尺寸和固溶V含量的共同作用下,试验钢的淬透性增大。在800～1 000℃范围控制冷却时,获得的马氏体形态与奥氏体化温度有关;在淬透性和晶粒尺寸的共同影响下,试验钢的强度随温度的升高而急剧升高后基本保持稳定,冲击韧性随温度升高呈降低趋势。在奥氏体化温度为900℃时,试验钢慢冷并回火后获得最佳强塑性配合。
The hardenability of a vanadium microalloyed medium-carbon steel,namely 40 CrNiMoV steel,at different austenitizing temperatures was studied.The test steel was heated to different austenitizing temperatures followed by slow cooling process.The microstructure after slow cooling process and tempered mechanical properties were analyzed.Results showed that the hardenability increased with increasing austenitizing temperature.When the austenitizing temperature was in the range of 800～1 000 ℃,the martensite morphology changed with temperature. With the combination effect of hardenability and grain size,the strength of the test steel increased sharply with the increase of temperature first and then maintained a similar level,while the impact toughness decreased monotonically with the increase of temperature.An optimum combination of strength and ductility was obtained at 900 ℃.
The hardenability of a vanadium microalloyed medium-carbon steel,namely 40 CrNiMoV steel,at different austenitizing temperatures was studied.The test steel was heated to different austenitizing temperatures followed by slow cooling process.The microstructure after slow cooling process and tempered mechanical properties were analyzed.Results showed that the hardenability increased with increasing austenitizing temperature.When the austenitizing temperature was in the range of 800～1 000 ℃,the martensite morphology changed with temperature. With the combination effect of hardenability and grain size,the strength of the test steel increased sharply with the increase of temperature first and then maintained a similar level,while the impact toughness decreased monotonically with the increase of temperature.An optimum combination of strength and ductility was obtained at 900 ℃.
引文
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[2] 王婷,王东坡,刘刚,等.40Cr超声表面滚压加工纳米化 [J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):177-183.WANG T,WANG D P,LIU G,et al.40Cr nano-crystallization by ultrasonic surface rolling extrusion processing[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(5):177-183.
[3] 陈立奇,段世浩,钟红春.40CrNiMoE 钢锻件的热处理与力学性能 [J].金属热处理,2011,36(7):77-78.CHEN L Q,DUAN S H,ZHONG H C.Heat treatment and mechanical properties of 40CrNiMoE steel forgings [J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2011,36(7):77-78.
[4] 夏立芳.钢的淬透性的应用与进展 [J].金属热处理,1984(6):40-47.XIA L F.The applieation and development of steel Hardenability[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,1984(6):40-47.
[5] 孙淑华,傅万堂,王振华.一种微合金化马氏体不锈钢的连续冷却研究 [J].燕山大学学报,2011,35(2):102-104.SUN S H,FU W T,WANG Z H,et al.Study on continuous cooling transformation of a micro-alloyed martensitic stainless steel[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2011,35(2):102-104,
[6] 曹雅彬,肖福仁,乔桂英,等.高Nb微合金钢连续冷却转变行为 [J].燕山大学学报,2013,37(3):196-200.CAO Y B,XIAO F R,QIAO G Y,et al.Continue cooling transformation behaviors of high-Nb microalloyed steel[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2013,37(3):196-200,
[7] HAN X Y.Functions of Nb,V and Ti in micro-alloyed steel [J].Wide and Heavy Plate,2006,12(1):39-41.
[8] CHARLEUX M,POOLE W J,MILITZER M,et al.Precipitatition behavior and its effect on strengthening of an HSLA-Nb/Ti steel [J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2001,32(7):1635-1647.
[9] 卢向阳,甘国建.钒对Si-Mn系弹簧钢组织和性能的影响[J].钢铁钒钛,2001,22(4):22-27.LU X Y,GAN G J.Effect of vanadium on microstructure and structure properties in silicon-manganese series spring steels[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2001,22(4):22-27.
[10] CHEN C,ZHANG F C,YANG Z N,et al.Superhardenability behavior of vanadium in 40CrNiMoV steel [J].Materials & Design,2015,83:422-430.
[11] 陈晨,杨志南,张福成.40CrNiMoV钢在大尺寸轴承中的应用[J].金属热处理,2017,42(4):6-11.CHEN C,YANG Z N,ZHANG F C.Application of 40CrNiMoV steel to heavy section bearing[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(4):6-11.
[12] SIEBERT C A,DOANE D V,BREEN D H.The hardenability of steels[M].Metals Park,Ohio:American Society for Metals,1977.
[13] TOTTEN G E.Steel heat treatment:metallurgy and technologies[M].New York:CRC Press,2006.
[14] GROSSMAN M A.Hardenability calculated from chemical composition[J].Transactions of the Metallurgical Society of AIME,1942,150:227-255.
[15] 雍岐龙.钢铁材料中的第二相 [M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006.YONG Q L.Secondary phases in steels[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2006.
[16] IRVINE K J,PICKERING F B,GLADMAN T.Grain-refined C-Mn steels[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,1967,205(2):161-182.
[17] 雍岐龙,郑鲁.固溶度积公式、理想化学配比值与微合金钢化学成分的设计[J].钢铁,1988,23(7):47-51.YONG Q L,ZHENG L.Solid solubility formula and stoichiometry on the composition design of microalloy steels[J].Iron and Steel,1988,23(7):47-51.
[18] 叶宏.金属热处理原理与工艺[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.YE H.Metal heat treatment principle and process[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2011.
[19] 李雪峰,王春芬,王嘉敏.回火马氏体与回火索氏体辨析[J].热处理,2012,27(4):12-16.LI X F,WANG C F,WANG J M.Discrimination of tempered martensite from tempered sorbite[J].Heat Treatment,2012,27(4):12-16.