稠油-水混输对海管腐蚀行为影响因素研究
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摘要
针对海上稠油-水混输可能出现的海管腐蚀问题,采用电化学测试法,研究温度、矿化度和pH值三种因素对海管常用X52钢的腐蚀行为影响。结果表明:X52钢腐蚀速率随温度升高逐渐增大,使腐蚀电流密度达到最大,溶液电阻和电荷转移电阻达到最小,因此适当调整外输温度可控制温度对海管腐蚀的影响;60℃下,HCO_3~-浓度升高时腐蚀速率先增大后减小,400mg/L时出现极大值;相同温度下,Cl-浓度升高时腐蚀电流密度和容抗弧直径先增大后减小,因此添加配伍性好的缓蚀剂可有效缓解高矿化度对海管腐蚀的影响;25℃下,pH值升高时腐蚀电流密度的对数呈线性下降趋势,电荷转移电阻逐渐增大,因此设法调节采出液pH值在中性以上也可缓解腐蚀。
Aiming at appearance of subsea pipeline corrosion problems in offshore heavy crude oilwater mixed transmission, the effects of three main factors, namely temperature, salinity and pH value, on the corrosion behavior of X52 steel extensively used in subsea pipelines are studied by electrochemical measurement. The results indicate that the corrosion rate of X52 steel gradually increases with the increase of temperature, correspondingly a maximum of corrosion current density and a minimum of the solution resistance and the charge transfer resistance. Therefore, the effect of temperature on subsea pipeline corrosion can be weakened by proper adjustment of export transmission temperature. When the concentration of HCO_3~- ion increases, the corrosion rate firstly increases and then decreases, and the maximum value appears when the concentration is 400 mg/L at 60℃. The corrosion current density are the arc diameter of capacitance both firstly decreases and then increases in the process of increasing the concentration of Cl~- ion at the same temperature. Therefore, the influence of higher salinity on the subsea pipeline corrosion the can be effectively alleviated by addition of inhibitors with better compatibility. As the pH value of the produced water increases, the logarithm of corrosion current density show a linear decreasing trend, and the charge transfer resistance gradually increases at 25℃. Therefore, the subsea pipeline corrosion can be controlled by pH adjustment of produced fluids above neutral.
Aiming at appearance of subsea pipeline corrosion problems in offshore heavy crude oilwater mixed transmission, the effects of three main factors, namely temperature, salinity and pH value, on the corrosion behavior of X52 steel extensively used in subsea pipelines are studied by electrochemical measurement. The results indicate that the corrosion rate of X52 steel gradually increases with the increase of temperature, correspondingly a maximum of corrosion current density and a minimum of the solution resistance and the charge transfer resistance. Therefore, the effect of temperature on subsea pipeline corrosion can be weakened by proper adjustment of export transmission temperature. When the concentration of HCO_3~- ion increases, the corrosion rate firstly increases and then decreases, and the maximum value appears when the concentration is 400 mg/L at 60℃. The corrosion current density are the arc diameter of capacitance both firstly decreases and then increases in the process of increasing the concentration of Cl~- ion at the same temperature. Therefore, the influence of higher salinity on the subsea pipeline corrosion the can be effectively alleviated by addition of inhibitors with better compatibility. As the pH value of the produced water increases, the logarithm of corrosion current density show a linear decreasing trend, and the charge transfer resistance gradually increases at 25℃. Therefore, the subsea pipeline corrosion can be controlled by pH adjustment of produced fluids above neutral.
引文
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[3]孙冬柏,李桂芝,俞宏英.N80钢在模拟油田采出液中的腐蚀行为研究[J].石油与天然气化工,1999,28(4):279-281.
[4]华大利.碳钢在油田采出液中腐蚀主要影响因素与腐蚀机理研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2010.
[5]Benamor A,Talkhan A G,Nasser M,et al.Effect of Temperature and Fluid Speed on The Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Pipeline in Qatari Oilfield Produced Water[J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry,2018,808:218-227.
[6]周永璋,曾建民,张坚.塔1井采出液腐蚀与缓蚀机理[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2008,40(6):849-852.
[7]李群波,杨春艳,周永璋.M24油井采出液系统的腐蚀行为与缓蚀剂的研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2010,24(10):45-48.
[8]曹楚南,张鉴清.电化学阻抗谱导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[9]曹楚南.腐蚀电化学原理(第三版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[10]Veluchamy A,Sherwood D,Emmanuel B.Critical Review on The Passive Film Formation and Breakdown on Iron Electrode and The Models for The Mechanisms Underlying Passivity[J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry,2017,785:186-215.
[11]李党国,冯耀荣,白真权等.Cl-对N80钢在CO2水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2007,19(5):329-332.
[12]张学元,余刚,王凤平等.Cl-对API P105钢在含CO2溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为的影响[J].高等学校化学学报,1999,20(7):1115-1118.
[13]王凤平,康万利,敬和民等.腐蚀电化学原理、方法及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[14]Liu Z Y,Li X G,Cheng Y F.Effect of Strain Rate on Cathodic Reaction During Stress Corrosion Cracking of X70 Pipeline Steel in a Near-neutral pH Solution[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2011,20(7):1242-1246.
[15]何英华,王宝辉,董荟思等.油田采出污水作用的影响分析[J].石化技术与应用,2009,27(5):429-432.
[16]刘伟,黄宪华,赵家宏等.油井的腐蚀原因与防护措施[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2006,18(6):448-450.
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